Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Gregory Merekhovov - Iyo Central Hunhu hweNovel "yakanyarara Don", isina kubudirira kutsvaga nzvimbo yayo munyika inoshandura nyika. Muchirevo chezviitiko zvezvakaitika kare, Mikhail Sholkhov airatidza kufungidzirwa kwakaoma kweiyo Don Cossack, ndiani anogona nekuda kwekuda uye kurwisa zvisina mwero.Nhoroondo Yezvisikwa
Kufunga chinyorwa chitsva, Mikhail Sholkhov haana kufunga kuti basa racho raizopedzisira rakuwira epopeus. Izvo zvese zvakatanga vasina mhaka. Pakati pekutenderera kwe1925, munyori akatanga zvitsauko zvekutanga zve "Dongo", saka pakutanga wainzi basa raida kuratidza kuti hupenyu hwekuratidza kweiyo ongororo panguva yekuchinja. Kubva pakutanga, macossack akaenda kuuto raCornilov pane petrograd. Kamwe kamwe munyori akamira pfungwa yekuti vaverengi havagone kunzwisisa zvinangwa zveCossacks mukudzvinyirira kwekuchinja pasina prehistory, uye akatumira manyoro kusvika pakona kure.
Kwapera gore rimwe chete, chirongwa ichi chibva, muRoma mikhail Alexandandrovich Iyo inosuruvarisa yemhando yevakanyanya mavara, kusanganisira Grigoria Meilkhov, iyi yaive iri pedyo neEptic misoro, uye iyi yaive pedyo nekuziva tsika uye mavara eVagari veCossack purazi. Iye Munyori we "akanyarara o'" akatamira kumusha kwake, mumusha weVishnevskaya, kwaakapinda muhupenyu hwe "Dongo".
Mukutsvaga kweiyo mavara anopenya uye mamiriro ezvinhu akakosha, ayo akagara pamapeji ebasa, akasangana neZvapupu zvehondo yenyika yekutanga, akaunganidza mosaic kubva kuBaek, zvitendero uye zvinhu zvechinyakare zvemuno Vagari, pamwe nekurova Moscow uye Rostov Archives mukutsvaga chokwadi nezvehupenyu hwemakore idzodzo.
Pakupedzisira, vhoriyamu yekutanga ye "Dona" yakanyarara "akaona mwenje. Yaioneka mauto eRussia pane mafasi ehondo. Iri bhuku rechipiri rakawedzera coupu uye Gumiguru Revolution, iyo iyo inogadzirisa kuti iende. Muzvikamu chete zviviri zvekutanga chete zveNovel Sholokhov akaiswa pamazana emagamba, mune ramangwana hwakawirirana makumi manomwe. Zvakare, Epic yakanga yakatambanudzwa kuita mavhoriyamu mana, yekupedzisira yakapera muna 1940.
Basa rakabudiswa mumabhuku "October", "Gazete - Gazete" Nyika Itsva "uye" Izvestsia ", nekukurumidza kuzivikanwa kunowanikwa kubva kuvaverengi. Vakatenga magazini, vakatenga vagadziri vaine ongororo, uye munyori - mavara. Magamba anofamba nemabhuku eSoviet anoonekwa sekuvhunduka kwemunhu. Pakati pemhuka, hongu, Gregory Meerekhov akataura.
Sezvineiwo, mumachira ekutanga aGregory aisavapo, asi ndakasangana nehunhu hune zita iri munzvimbo dzekutanga dzemunyori - Iko kugamba kwakatove nezvimwe zvinhu zveramangwana ". Iyo prototype yeMelekhove vatsva veSangano Sholokhove Sholokhove Shoklokhov Funga neCossack Harlampia Ermakov, akatongerwa pakupera kwe20s kusvika pakupfura. Iye Iye amene pachake haana kuzivikanwa semurume uyu akazova prototype yebhuku remabhuku. Zvichakadaro, Mikhail AlexandRovich panguva yekuunganidza kwenhoroondo yeNovel akasangana neErmakov uye akatotungamira tsamba naye.
Biography
Iyo bhuku racho rakamisirwa zvese zvekuverenga kwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwegiriyamu hweMelekhov pamberi pehondo uye shure. Don Cossack akaberekerwa muna 1892 pane tatar purazi (musha weshinskaya), nepo zuva chairo rekuzvarwa hariratidzi munyori. Baba vake vePantele of Melekhovi vakamboshanda sedanda muAtaman lobe Guard Shelf, asi mukukwegura kwaakasiya basa. Hupenyu hwechidiki mukomana kusvika nguva yapera mukurasvina, mune zvakajairika zvemafomu: Pouch, kubata hove, kutarisira hupfumi. Pausiku - misangano yematanda erunako rwekunaka kweAksniguru astakhova, mukadzi wekuroora, asi achingoda jaya.
Baba vake havana kugutsikana nemwoyo uyu kubatanidzwa uye nekukurumidza vachirova Mwanakomana wake pamurume asingazikamwi - Meek Natalia korshunova. Nekudaro, muchato haugadzirise dambudziko. Gregory anonzwisisa kuti havagone kukanganwa Axinha, saka inokanda mumwe wako wepamutemo uye inogara natenzirisi yake munzvimbo yenzvimbo yemunharaunda. Zuva rezhizha ra 1913 of Melekhov rinova baba vake - mwanasikana wavo wekutanga akaonekwa pasi. Mufaro wevaviri ava vakazoitika: Hupenyu hwakaparadza Hondo Yenyika yekutanga, inonzi Gregory kuti ape basa kumusha kwake.
Melekhovi akarwa nehondo nekusazvibata uye kusuwa, mune rimwe rekurwira raaive ronda muziso. Zvekushinga kweMurwi, kuwanda kweGeorgevsky uye kuwedzera muchikamu chakaonekwa, uye mune ramangwana, mimwe mitambo mitatu uye menduru ina ichawedzerwa kune varume vawina. Vakatambanudzira maonero ezvematongerwo enyika yegamba. Kuzivana muchipatara neBolshevik Garant, uyo anovimbisa kusaruramisira kwehutongi hwehumambo.
Zvichakadaro, Gregory Melekhova akamirira kurohwa - Aksinha, akaurayiwa neshungu (rufu rwemwanasikana mudiki), anopa kumukuru wemwanakomana wenyika yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yemichero yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yemichero yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yemichero yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yemichero yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yemichero yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yomushe wehondo yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yomusungo weimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yomushe. Murume wehurumende akasvika pakutanga haana kukanganwirwa kunyengedzwa uye akadzokera kumumwe wake pamutemo, uyo akazomuzvara iye vana vaviri.
Muhondo yevagari, Gregory inosimuka kudivi re "tsvuku". Asi pakazosvika 1918, zvinogumburwa muBolsheveks uye vanopinda muzvikamu zveavo vakatungamira mhirizhonga nehondo dzvuku pamusoro po don, rinova mutungamiriri weboka. Hasha dzakatokura kune iyo bolsheveks mumweya wegamba remutsamo Hama Pegrea Petruwa kubva mumaoko emuilla, mutsigiri weSoviet Simba reMishk.
Parudo kumberi, zvakare, ivo vanokwira chido - grigory havagone kuwana rugare uye kunyatso kupwanya pakati pevakadzi vavo. Nekuda kwechiripo chekurarama pfungwa kune axier melekhovov inotadza kugara murunyararo mumhuri. Kuputika zvachose kwemurume wake akasundira Natalia kubvisa nhumbu, iribira. Rufu rusingaperi rwemukadzi munhu ane murume ane yakaoma, shure kwezvose, kune mumwe wake, ivo vakadzingwa, asi vanyoro nyoro.
Zvinogumbura zvehondo tsvuku pamakiresheni masimba eGregory Melekhov kuti aende kumhanya muNovorossiyysk. Ikoko, gamba rakatungamirirwa kuita magumo afa akabatana neBolshevok. 1920 yakanyorwa nekudzoka kwekunyumwa kumusha kwake, kwaanogara pamwe chete nevana veAksini. Hurumende itsva yakatanga kutambudza aimbova "chena", uye panguva yekupukunyuka kuKuban nekuda kwe "hupenyu hwakadzikama" Aksino akakuvara. Achiramba zvishoma munyika, grigory akadzokera kumusha kwake, nekuti zvirumbidzwe zvitsva zvakavimbisa amnessty madhiri evapanduki.
Mikhail Sholkhov isa pfungwa muhurongwa munzvimbo dzinonakidza, uye usambove nekuverenga vaverengi nezvenguva yekuwedzera kweMeerev. Nekudaro, hazvina kuoma kufunga kuti zvakaitika kwaari. Vanyori venhoroondo vanodana pane vanoda kuziva vanoda kugona kwemunyori kuti vafunge nezvezuva rekufa kweMudiwa weZivo Yerudo Kupfura Prototomy YeMukuru wake - 1927.
Mufananidzo
Njodzi dzekutya uye dzomukati shanduko Gregory Melekhova inonzi kuburikidza nerondedzero yechitarisiko chake. Murudo nemuchengeti wekutarisira jaya pakupera kwehupamhi hunoshanduka kuita hondo hondo negrey uye nemoyo unotarira.
"... Ndakaziva kuti ndingadai ndisina kumbomuka sepakutanga; Aiziva kuti maziso ake akange achiremesa uye anonamira chaizvo dendere, uye vairamba vachipenya chiedza chehutsinye husina chinangwa. "Gregory is a tytive chopleric: Hotherraimational, inopisa-inopisa uye isina kugadzirwa, iyo inoratidzwa mune zvese zverudo zviitiko uye muchokwevenyari nenzvimbo. Hunhu hweGamba guru re "Dona" rakanyarara reushingi, garai uye kunyangwe kusava nehanya, kusaziva uye kuzvininipisa, uye hutsinye, tsitsi dzakaipa uye dzisina ruvengo dzakabatana.
Sholkhov akagadzira gamba akagadzira gamba nemweya wakasununguka unokwanisa kutsamwiswa, kukanganwirwa uye kuchema kwevanhu netsaona Akapika muvengi wake, murume waAxigny
Mukutsvaga chokwadi cheMerekhov, tsvuku kuvarungu runobviswa kuchena, semhedzisiro, inova yakavandudza, iye asingatoreri rimwe divi. Murume anooneka gamba chairo renguva yake. Nhamo yake iri munyaya yacho pacharo, kana hupenyu hwakadzikama hwakatyora hushamwari, vachishandura vashandi vane rugare mukusuwa vanhu. Zvinotaridzika zvekunamata zvehunhu zvakanyatso kupihwa pachena mutsara wechiRoma:
"Akamira padanho mukurwira kwevaviri vakatanga, vachiramba vese vari vaviri."Kufungidzira kwese kwakabviswa muhondo dzehondo yevagari: kutsamwa kune bolsheveks uye kushungurudzika mu "chena" kunoita kuti gamba ritsvaga renhanduko, asi anonzwisisa kuti mune "Mhoro haigone - bvunza." Kamwe chete aida hupenyu hwerudo, grigory Melekhovi haambowana kutenda maari, akasara panguva imwe chete munhu ane hunhu hwevanhu uye munhu akawandisa mune yakadzikama yemugumo wenyika.
Kubvakacha kweNovel "Kunyarara Don"
Mikhail Sholokhov's Epic yakaonekwa kane pane iyo bhaisikopo skrini. Sekureva kwemabhuku maviri ekutanga muna 1931, firimu remumumumu rakabviswa, uko mabasa makuru akaitwa naAndreilos (Grigory Melekhov) uye Emma Cesinian (Aksinha). Kune runyerekupe rwekuti iye munyori akagadzira kuenderera mberi kweiyo "yakanyarara Don" kune mavara emagamba ezvirongwa ichi.
Mufananidzo unobaya webasa racho rakaratidzwa kuSoviet Viewer muna 1958 Director Sergei Gerasimov. Iyo hafu yenyika yakadanana negamba rinoitwa naPetro Glebova. Iyo yakanaka tsvarakadenga cossaseck yakamanikidzwa nerudo neElina Bystritsky, uyo ane hanya nekuita basa rekushandura demo. Mukadzi Melekhova Natalia airidza Ziriada Kiriyenko. Iyo firimu awards yefirimu rine mari nomwe, kusanganisira diploma yeUS Directories Guildes.
Chimwezve chilitonial kuongorora kwebhuku iri remuranda weSergey Barrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrarrar Pamusoro pefirimu "wakanyarara Don" 2006, Russia, United Kingdom naItaly vakashanda. Basa guru rakabvumidzwa naRupert Eletta, uye mukadzi wemukadzi embodied dolphin sango (Aksinha) naAleena Bandarrark (Natalia).
Uye pakupedzisira, yekupedzisira yemhedzisiro yeiyo Don Cossack yaive yakachengetedzwa Serrgey Ursulak. Nhevedzano inoti "Yakanyarara Don" yakaratidzwa paRussia-1 chiteshi mukupera kweAyeumn 2015. Dhairekitori rakabatanidzwa mufirimu revanyori vechidiki: The Brilliant Trio aive Evgeny Tkachuk, Polina Chernyv uye Daria Ursulak.
Chokwadi Zvinonakidza
Kune "yakanyarara Don", Mikhail Sholkhov aipomerwa mhosva. "Vaongorori veEpic zvakanyanya vanofunga kunge vakabiwa kubva kuWhite mukuru akafa muhondo yevagari. Munyori wacho akatofanira kumisa basa rekunyora kuenderera mberi kweiyo bhukupo apo basa rakakosha rakafemerwa neruzivo rwakagamuchirwa. Nekudaro, nyaya yekunyora haisati yagadziriswa.
Iyo novice mutambi weiyo diki yeTreater andrei apricot mushure meiyo yekutanga ye "yakanyarara oga" akamuka. Zvinokosha kuziva izvozvo zvisati zvaitika, mutembere yevanyori, haana kumboenda kune chiitiko - ivo havana kungopa mabasa. Nebasa racho, murume uyu haana kunetsawo kusangana, kuverenga bhuku racho apo kupfura kwacho kwainge kwatove kuhukura.