Biography
Sergey Dyagilev - Murume akakwanisa kuenda kupfuura iyo yekudzidza yechikoro chevashandi vehunyanzvi nekunyora nyaya yekutamba kubva kuScratch. Kutenda kune ruzivo rwevanhu vane tarenda, vanhu havatombogone kuona, asi zvakare vanonzwa ballet.
Iyo yemberi inosimudzira yenyika yehunyanzvi yakazvarwa muNovgorodhi Province munaKurume 19, 1872 mune yekare maitiro. Gare gare, akatamira kuSt. Petersburg, uyezve kune perm, kwaishandiswa nababa vake.
Musoro weMhuri Pavlovich Dyagilev waive mukuru weboka revatachiona. Amai vaSergey vaisaziva sezvo anga afa mushure memwedzi yakati wandei mushure mekuzvarwa. Kurerwa kwemukomana kwaiita murume / mukadzi mutsva waBaba - Elena. Mbambo yemweya yakanga isiri kutsauka muSteyka uye vakamupa zvese zvake.
Mushure mekupera kweiyo perm Gymnasium muna 1890, Dyagilev yakapinda muFaculty yeFaktuly ye St. Petersburg University. Kufanana, jaya rakadzidza mimhanzi mune Conservatory n.a. Roman Corsakov. Mushure mekupedza kudzidza 1896, iyo University yeJurispridence, ramangwana rakakurumbira ballletmaster raisarudza munda wehunyanzvi hwakanaka.
Ballet uye patronage
Mukupera kwa 1890s, Dyagilev, pamwe chete neshamwari, vakagadzira kusonganira kwehunyanzvi "nyika yehunyanzvi", yakaramba chedzidzo mune zvese zvazvinoratidzwa. Ivo vakomana vanonyengerera zvavanonzvera S.i. Amamonv uye princess m.k. Tenishev mari magazini yavo.
Kutenda kune iyo isingawanzo tarenda tarenda uye kugona kupinza kukosha kweiyo nzira yekugadzira, Sergey yakaronga iyo "Miriskuusic" Exhibitions. Muna 1905, muTavichesky Palace of St. Petersburg, akaronga mharidzo yeRussia mufananidzo, kwaakaunganidza pendi kubva kuguta guru nematunhu.
Ballet zvigadzirwa zvaive pasi pesimba rine simba revaridzi-mhizha. Iyo yekushongedza uye zvipfeko zvakashanda chiratidzo cheiyo sangano "World of Art": avant-gardealist H. Spanish Futturist D. Sports, Cubisto Picasso, French . Kurarama uye ZVIMWE ZVAKAWANDA.
SevachaDongedzo uye maartist mune zvipfeko muDyagilev, hunhu hwakadaro saK. Chanel naA. Laurent vaibatanidzwa. Sezvaunoziva, chimiro chinogara chichiita kuti ndiratidze kuti ndakatarisa pachena mu "mwaka yeRussia".
Zvishongedzo, zvipfeko uye chidzitiro chakarova hunyanzvi hwekutaura: Soro yemitsetse yakatungamira kufadza vateereri nezvekuita. Mumhanzi mune zvigadzirwa zvakashandiswa mukusiyana: Kubva kuWorld Classics F. Chopin uye R. Strausa kuRussia comoners n.a. Roman Corsakov uye A.K. Glazunov.
MaEuropean Stage Stage Art, uyo aive achisangana nedambudziko mukutanga kwezana ramakore re19, rakazotenderedzwa kuti rifukidzwe nemhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzehunyanzvi, kubva ipapo ballet yakazvarwa.
"Mwaka weRussia"
Nyaya yemwaka weRussia yakatanga mushure mekuratidzira mu "Autumn Salon" yakabata mushure me1906. Chiitiko icho chakave nekubudirira kwebudiriro chakafuridzirwa naDyagilev. Iye murume aisada kumisa uye kuenderera mberi nekuziva parisgari paruzhinji neRussia Art.
Muna 1907, Sergey Pavlovich inoronga "nhoroondo yeRussia Concerts", ane chirongwa chine basa rechirongwa chimwe. Bass Lyyapin, iyo Choir "Bolshoi Theatre", achifambisa Master Arthur Nisha uye mutambo unofadza weGofman mukupenya kweziso kunogamuchirwa mumatarenda.
Muchirimo cha1908, Dyagilev akasvitswa Paris ne opera. Nekudaro, Boris Goduunov akaunganidza imba isina kukwana, uye mari inoshanduka isina kufukidza mutengo wekuronga chiitiko ichi.
Muna 1909, chibhizinesi chinounza chinonzwikwa nemanzwiro averuzhinji kune ramangwana remarambi mashanu: Iyo Core yeBallet Troupe yaive vatambi veMoscow uye St. Petersburg - V.fr. Nizhsky, a.p. Pavlova, I.l. Rubinstein, m.f. Ksesinskaya.
Kwemakore makumi maviri ebasa "mwaka weRussia mwaka", maitiro echinyakare enharaunda mukutamba kwachinja, uye hunyanzvi hweRussia hwave hwakakurumbira muEurope.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vanhu nenzira yakakodzera vakaona Dyagilevsky kudonha kunze kwe "General Symbol". Mariri, pakanga paine imwe ropa rakasiyana, rakasiyana kubva kune vakawanda. Kurarama nezverudo rwekushanya kwePatron, ngano dzakaitwa nezverudo rwekushanya kweturon.
Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakavimbika kuti Sergey Dyagilev akave nehukama hwepabonde, uye sezvo hupenyu hwega munhu hwakakurumbira hwaisakwanisa kugara mumumvuri, vadikani vake "pachiso" vaiziva zvese.
Yokutanga yeVanhu vehukama pakati peSergey Dyagilev vaive nehama yake Dmitry uzivi. Jaya rakadzidziswa redzidziso dzedzidzo nguva dzose vaigara vachiona mumug evadzidzi veSt. Vakoma vane makore gumi nemasere vanosungirwa nehunyanzvi vaive pedyo nekufamba-famba muItari, kwavakapinda muna 1890.
Romagleva naPhilosofhian vakatora makore gumi, vachiri munzira vasina kuwana "dhiabhori" - Zinaida Hipius. Mukadzi wacho haana kutya mhosva yenharaunda uye akasatya kupokana neakatsetseka tsika - akapfeka nguo dzevanhu, akaparidzira muchato wakasununguka (kunyangwe wakaroora kana kuroorwa nevarume nevakadzi). Vazivi vadivi vevadiri vakazvarwa nehoro rechirango remuchato weRussia.
"Kurwira" pakati peHipsius uye Dyagilev akaenderera mberi makore akati wandei. GAP yekupedzisira pakati pevanoda mukoma-vakauya mushure mekunyanya kuwanda muFaferburg Restaurant: Dyagille yakawana shamwari muCambani Zinaida Hipida uye akakandwa paari nezvibhakera.
Pashure peizvi, nyaya yevazhinji yakazopedzisira yaputsa naDyagilev ndokutamira kuHipius nemurume wake Merezhkovsky. Mubatanidzwa wesango risingazivikanwe hwaivapo kwemakore gumi nemashanu.
Muna 1908, Sergey akasangana nemurume asina kungova rudo rukuru kwazvo rwetsika, asi zvakare zvakabatana neDyagilev pamwe nenyika yeBallet.
Dancer yeRussia yeFinnish mavambo vaclav nizhsky panguva iyoyo yaive iri muzvinyorwa zveMutungamiriri Pavavel Lviv pazviri yeMuchinda. Kune aristocrat, jaya rakanaka raive toy: Akabhadhara mabhiri ake, akagadziridza iyo wadhi uye "kukwereta" mukomana kushamwari.
Uye kana Nizhsky akada kwazvo "Tormentor", saka Lvivly akanzwa manzwiro ekutsamwisa "Mazubhu". Hazvizivikanwe kuti ichave ichinge ichitsvaga sei chikonzero chekubvisa chibvumirano cheBored, kana "chisina kutendeuka" Dyagilev.
Vaclav uye sergey vaive pamwe kwemakore mashanu. Pakati peino nguva, Dyagilev akawana mukurumbira wenyika inozivikanwa
Muna 1913, dancer isingatarisirwi kujekerwa kweiyo Hungarini Rouge Rulyski, yakanga yave kuda nguva refu uye yakapinda troupe chete ipapo kuti ave pedyo nenyaya yekunamatira. Sezvo akadzidza nezvemuchato wemudiwa, muimbi anogumburwa weART akabva aratidze nzihsky.
Musangano une mudzidzi ane makore gumi nematanhatu ezvikoro zveBallet neLeonid Meatsin akabatsira balletmaster kukanganwa kusuwa kweKavalera. Mujaya achiverenga murume akaziviswa nemamiriro e "mukomana we jea", kusvikira azive mukurumbira.
Pashure pemakore manomwe ehukama hwepedyo muna 1920, betin, seclav, akasunga hupenyu hwake nemukadzi. Iyo Balerina Vera Clark (Pseudonym - Savina) yakava iyo Paza yekutamba. Wakadzidza nezve mhinduro yekuchengetedza, Dyagilev inopwanyai mese.
Kubatana kwekusika kwevaimbova vadi kunotangazve makore matatu kusati kwafa kweSergey, muna 1925. Mushure mekufa kweiyo yakakurumbira balletmaster, mudzidzi wake aive akananga ne "Russian Ballet Monte Carlo".
Rufu
Mumatanho ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwezana ramakore rechi 19, zana ramakore rechi 19 "rakawana pacharo" mukuunganidza.
Kwenguva yakareba, Sergey Pavlovich, kusave nekupotera zvachose, kudzungaira maguta nenyika dzeEurope. Mweya wakarukwa weiyo yakakurumbira mutsika yakawana runyararo muMonaco. Pano sergey uye akatanga kuungana kumba kwakakosha mabasa ehunyanzvi: pendi, zvisingawanzo autographs, mabhuku nezvinyorwa.
Muna 1921, Sergey akaziva kuti aive nedambudziko reshuga. Nekudaro, mishonga yakasarudzika yezviremba uye kudya kwakatotevera vakweguru. Zvaitsamwisa kukura kweFurunuculese. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive neutachiona uye kuwedzera kwakapinza mukushisa. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya panguva iyoyo haisati yagadzira, saka chirwere ichi chaive chine ngozi zvakanyanya.
Musi waAugust 7, 1929, mudiwa wevateereri vechirume akatapukirwa neropa. Mushure memazuva akatevera haana kubuda pamubhedha.
Sergey Dyagilev, ane biography ane ruzivo rwakabatanidzwa neNhoroondo yeRussia Ballet, akafa muAugust 19. Pausiku, tembiricha yake yakasimuka kusvika pamakumi mana nerimwe, akarasikirwa nekuziva uye, asingazvizive, akafa mambakwedza.
San Michele's Cemetery kupoterera kwekupedzisira kweiyo yakakurumbira balletmaster. Vazhinji zhinji vertists, sainzi nemitambo vanovigwa uko: Mudetembi uye nemufaro weNobel Joseph Brodsky, mutambi wePsychiTrist Franc Makuva uchiri kuvhurika kushanya.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Hupenyu hweSergey Dyagilev, sehuwandu hwakawanda hune mukurumbira, hwakazadzwa nezvinhu zvinonakidza:
- Dyagilev akaberekerwa naNyuh kumatarenda, aive mutungamiri akajeka uye akarwadziswa, asi haana kutaura pachikuva.
- Olga Khokhlova, mukadzi Pablo Picasso, aive mutambi mu "Russian Ballet" Sergey Dyagilev.
- Muna 1897, Dyagilev akatungamira muimbi Alexander Benua nemukadzi wake mu "Grand Opera". Ikoko shamwari yaSergey inoputika mumabhuruku. Iye murume akagutiswa nemanheru ese uye akafukidza boka racho, akafukidza musangano, naDyagilev, vakamurasikirwa, vakamurasikirwa neAlexander, vakatanga kuseka nezwi rose. Ipapo nguva yake inonzwika ichiseka zvakapusa kukanda kongiri.
- Sergey Pavlovich Akaramba achiti Iye aive wedzinza raPetro raPeter rekutanga (kuburikidza neRumyantSeven), uye kana pakanga pasina kusimbiswa kweruzivo urwu, hama neTchaikovsky hazvina kubvunzwa. Muumbi weRussia mukuru akaverengera mafoni ababamunini.
- Kuratidzwa kweVaridzi veRussia-Finnish Artists, iyo mauto aDyagilev, akapfuura mumhepo yemamiriro ekunze ekunzwisisa kusanzwisisika. Ipapo veruzhinji vakatanga kumiririrwa nemabasa aKonsterin korovina, mikhal vrubel, mikhail nesterova naPhilip Mayavina. Mumaziso esimba rezvematongerwo enyika, concentilly nyowani pendi yairatidzika sezvisina hukama neiyo, vashanyi vakabvunzwa kubva kuCassirhi kuti vadzosere mari yakabhadharwa.
- Muchirimo cha2011, ngarava inonzi "novikov-surf" yakatumidzwa zita reSergey Dyagilev.
- Kana iwe ukaenzanisa musikana anonzi "mwaka weRussia" zvinhu zve1909, uine mufananidzo weAnna Pavlova, zvinova pachena kuti ndiye aimbova prototype yakakweverwa mari.
- Dyagilev haana kuvanza zvido zveungochani. Nekudaro, zvinozivikanwa zvine pachena kuti muhupenyu hwake hwaive hwakaonana nemukadzi. Mheremakore gumi nemasere ane makore gumi nemasere ekureva kwekurangarira kwekubatana kwavo kwakaunza chirwere chehunhu.