Biography
NezveMumiriri weZlakottroy wezana ramakore reSirivheri Hippius akataura kuti Mwari akakudza "kupfeka kupfeka kwake", kusunungura vanhu vamwe "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya "uye" mijenya ". Munyori aifarira kusimudza paruzhinji nezvibodzwa zvechokwadi, zvirevo zvinotyisa uye maitiro anoshamisa. Parizvino, ndega ndakayemura mabasa evanoverenga, vamwe vakaratidza pfungwa dzekuregeredza kweRussia chiratidzo, vachiti denderedzwa rake rakakura kwazvo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Musi waNovember 8, 1868, Gweta Nikolai Romanovich Hipsius nemukadzi wake Anastasia Vasilevelvna (Sporanova) akaberekerwa mwanasikana anonzi Zinaida. Mhuri yaigara muBellev Tula Province, apo Nikolai Rudzi rwakashandirwa mushure mekupera kweiyo fakisi yemutemo. Nekuda kweizvozvo zvataurwa nezvebasa raBaba venzvimbo yekugara, mikana haina. Mumakore evana, nhetembo dzakakwanisa kugara muKharkov, uye muStrersburg, uye muSaratov.
Muna 1880, Nikolai Rudziko runowana chinzvimbo chomutongi, uye mhuri inofamba zvakare: panguva ino nyika yeNikolai Gogol guta reNezhin. Sezvo pakanga pasina mudzimba wekurovedza muviri mutaundi diki, Zina vakapiwa kuKiev Institute of Boaiden yakanaka, asi mushure memwedzi mitanhatu vakadzoka paimba.
Rufu rwababa vake rwakava kuvhunduka kukuru kwefuru. Murume akafa kamwe kamwe muna Kurume 1881 kubva kuTuberculosis. Kuruboshwe pasina nzira yekuvapo, Anastasia Vasilevna nevanasikana (Zinaida, Anna, Natalia neTatiana) inoenda kuMoscow. Ikoko Zina akapihwa kuGymnasium Fisher. Mwedzi mitanhatu yekudzidza, nhetembo yemangwana yakaonekwawo ine tuberculosis. Mai amai vakatya kuti vana vese vaive nhaka kubva kuna Baba tsika yekuenda kuCautka haina kuzorarama kwenguva yakareba, uye nokudaro vakaenda kugria.
Nekuda kwekurinda kwamai kwakawandisa, kudzidza kumba kwave iko kungangoita nzira yekuzviziva. Nesainzi chaivo haana kumbobvira afarira mabhuku. Kubva pamakore ekutanga aZina vakatanga kuchengeta diariaries uye vanonyora nhetembo - kutanga comic nezvenhengo dzemhuri. Akatokwanisa kutapukira kushingairira neutongi.
Mushure mezvemutoro, mhuri yakatamira kuCaucasus. Pairarama mukoma waamai - Alexander Stepanov. Kufunga kwake zvakanaka kuvatenderwa kushandisa zhizha muBorjomi. Gore rakatevera racho, mhuri yakaenda kuManglini, uko Alexander Stepanov akafa kubva mukuzvimba kwehuropi. Hippius akamanikidzwa kugara muCaucasus.
Runako rweZlatovlasa rwakakwanisa kukunda iyo yevechidiki tiflis. Dhiyabhorosi ane maziso maziso eRuchy akakwezva maziso ake, pfungwa, kunzwa kwevanhu vese vakauya vakamumutsa. Zinaida inonzi "nhetembo", saka kuziva tarenda rake rekuverenga. Mudenderedzwa kuti akaungana akamukomberedza, munhu wese akanyora nhetembo, achitevedzera iyo inonyanya kufarirwa panguva yemunyori shuga. Nhetembo Hippius anga atove kubva pane yakazara huwandu hwenzvimbo dzepfungwa dzevaridzi veMakora.
Mabhuku
Imba yeMerezhkovsky yakava nzvimbo yechitendero uye uzivi nehupenyu hwehupenyu hwe st. Petersburg. Vese vadiki vanofunga uye vanyori vekutanga vakarota vachitora manheru ezvinyorwa zvemakwenzi. Vashanyi veSalon vakaziva kutendeka kwechiHippius uye kwechikamu chikuru chakatendwa kuti yaive basa guru rekutanga kwenharaunda iyo yakagadzika kubva kuDmitry Sergeevich.Mumashoko ekunyora eCapitada Nikolaevna aive munzvimbo dzepamberi: Nekusimudzira kwake Blok yeAlexander Bolk zvakaitika, iye ane iyo Osip yeAlexp of MANLLSTAM, Iye ane yekutanga yekuongorora yenhetembo ipapo kune chero munhu asina mukurumbira Sergey hongunin.
Kubva 1888, akatanga kudhindwa: bhuku rake rekutanga raive nhetembo dziri mubhuku renhau ", saka nyaya iri mu" bulletin yeEurope ". Gare gare kuti azivise zvinyorwa zvekuverenga uye zvakakomba, akatora pseudominm - Anton zvakanyanya. Mabhuku akanyora nezve zvese: nezve hupenyu ("Nei", "chando"), nezve rudo ("kusakwana (" kusava nesimba "," rudo rwemagetsi ")," ziva! "," December 14 "," Haazofi "), nezvevanhu (" Creek "," girazi ").
Nhetembo dzaZinaida Hipilius, pamwe neuchipupuriro rweMitemo Merezhkovsky, haina kukwana mumhando yezvinhu zvakajairika kubvuma mabhuku. Naizvozvo, vaparidzi vakadhinda mabasa avo panjodzi yavo.
Hippius ndiyo yaive mavambo eiyo Nascent chiratidzo muRussia. Pamwe chete neFeder solouv, Nikolai Minsk, Konstantin Ballen, Annaya Annensky, akaivaka muchinzvimbo che "mukuru anoratidza" mukati mehupenyu hwake.
Zvinangwa zvikuru zvehetembo dzehombodo dzepfungwa - kutukwa kwekutuka kwechokwadi uye kuremekedzwa kwenyika yekufungidzira, kusanzwisisika kwekusagadzikana nevanhu uye panguva imwe chete nenyota yekusurukirwa. Munyaya dzemabhuku maviri ekutanga "vanhu vatsva" (1896) uye "magirazi" (1898) akagadzirira mazano eDostoevsky, uyo Hypius akapararira kuburikidza nePrism yeKuita Kwake Decutention Yemafungiro ake ega.
Mukusimudzira kwepfungwa uye kwekugadzira kwemunyori, yekutanga Russian Revolution yakatamba hombe (1905-1907). Shure kwake, kuti muunganidzwa ari "mutema pamusoro chena" nyaya (1908), "Lunar Masvosve" (1912) akabuda (1912); NOLSS "Chertiv Doll" (1911), "Roman-Tsarevich" (1913). Mumabasa ake, Hippius akapokana kuti pasina "shanduko yemweya", shanduko yenzvimbo hazvigoneke.
Sezvo takasangana nehasha Oktyabrskaya Revolution ya1917, Hippius nemurume wake anokatira Paris. Basa rinotsigira raZinaida rine nhetembo, ndangariro uye vatori venhau. Akataura achirwiswa akapinza paSoviet Russia uye akapokana nekuwa kwake munguva pfupi.
Kugadziriswa muParis, kwavakangove nefurati nePre-Revoluvsky vakatangazve kujairwa: Nikozi Berdyev, Konstantin Bunin, Ivan Bunin, Alexander Cooky nevamwe.
Muna 1926, vakaroora vakaronga zvinyorwa zvekuverenga uye uzivi "Green Lamp" - rudzi rwekuenderera mberi kwenharaunda yeiyo yepaGuzika kwezana reXix, umo Alexander puskin akatora chikamu.
Misangano yakavharwa, uye vashanyi vakakokwa chete pane rondedzero. Alexey Remiv, Ivan Bunin, Nadezhda Teffi, Mark Alldanov naNikolai Berdyev vaive vaitora chikamu mu "misangano" zvachose. Nekutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, nharaunda yakapera kuvapo.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kurarama nezverudo rwekushanya kweiyo chena Dhidhiya, ngano dzakawanikwa. Mukadzi aive aine nhamba huru yevateveri vakaroora kamwe chete. Murume wake aive muzivi asina kunaka uye nhetembo - Dmitry Merezhkovsky. Mubatanidzwa wawo wanga wakatombodaidzwa kudzokorora kunyepedzera: Zinaida yakafungidzirwa kuti dzidziso dzisinganzwisisike neyekuverenga zvinyorwa zveSt. Petersburg, uye Dmitry - murume wechiuru. Shamwari dzepedyo chete dzakaziva kuti dzakawanda sei mbiri dzinoshamisa vanhu vanodanana.
Vechidiki vakasangana muna 1888 muBorjomi. Ikoko, Hippius akagadzirisa hutano hwake, uye Merezhkovsky, achifamba panguva iyoyo muCaucasus, aive mundima yeguta. Pakutanga kukurukurirana, Zinaida akanzwa mweya yavo yekusimbisa kweKinship. Dmitry akafadzwawo nehutatu hwemakore gumi nemasere. Akaverengerwa zvisina kufanira runako rwemusikana sepfungwa dzake. Mushure memwedzi yakati wandei, murume akaita mutongo wadikanwa, uye haana chechipiri, akapindura nechibvumirano.
Musi waJanuary 8, 1889, mhemberero yemuchato ine mwero yakaitika muTiflis. Zuva remuchato vaviri havana kucherechedza. Pakudzokera kumba, mumwe nemumwe wavo akaenda kubasa: Merezhkovsky - muProse, uye hypius - kune nhetembo. Kwapera nguva zhinji muMemoirs yenhetembo inobvuma kuti yaive zvese zvakange zvisina kurangarira mangwanani akatevera awaive akaroora.
Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakavimbika kuti pakanga pasina hukama hwepedyo pakati pevakaroorana. Hippius musimboti haana kufarira mufaro wezvenyama. Mukadzi haana kufunga nezvehupenyu asina zvinhu zviviri: kuratidzwa uye kwehungwaru basa. Zvimwe zvese zvaakazvidza uye akaramba, kana kusekwa. Ehe, Zinaida akabira varume. Decadent madonna aiziva maitiro ekunakidzwa kwake. Aifarira kufarira uye anofarira kufadzwa, asi ipapo tsamba yacho haina kumbobvira yaitika.
"Ukama" hwaaive nemunyori Nikolai Minsk, uye naProstial Feder chervinsky, uye nekutsoropodzwa kweAkim Volynsky. White Dhidhiki Akazvidzwa kuti vatarise mumaziso pasina ndangariro dzevanoda muvarume vake uye nekuona iye oga kuratidzwa.
Muna 1905, mhuri yeMerizhksky yemhuri yakava padyo neRevhizheni Dmitry uzivi. Vanyori havana kungogadzirwa pamwechete, asiwo vakararama. Mumaziso enharaunda, "tripple uncuction" yevanyori yaive yepamusoro yeuzivo. Vanhu vakatuka Hipili, achiti akazvinyadzisa maitiro asina kukodzera uye murume wake.
Vachenjeri veMorrali vakakanganwa kuti nheteve, vaisakwanisa kuve nehukama hwehupamba, nekuti vabati vepabonde yaive isiri-yebonde kutarisisa, uye kubva pane imwe pfungwa nezvekuonana kwemuviri nemukadzi wake "kwakashanduka mukati." Kuverengera kwavo - kuyedza kwakundikana, chinangwa chacho chaive kuparadzwa kweiyo zaranoyed crams yetsika.
Chero runyerekupe rwakasiyana-siyana risina kufambiswa nenhamba, izvi zvaisanyatsoita neyakajeka, izvi pakupedzisira hazvina basa, nekuti mweya yevanonyora haana kuziva morezhkovsky, naani Zinaida Nikolaevna airarama hafu yezana ramakore.
Rufu
Mushure mekufa kwemurume wake, Hippius akatanga kunyora bhuku rinonzi "Dmitry Merezhkovsky", asi nekuda kwekuti Zinaida akarega kushanda ruoko rwerudyi, zvaisakwanisa kupedza basa racho.Iyo inonyimwa mukana wekuita nhetembo zvishoma nezvishoma kurasikirwa nepfungwa. Iye munyori aida kubatanidzwazve sezvazvinogona nemurume wake nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona, saka akaedza kuenda kunyika imwe nguva isati yatanga. Mushure mekutevedzana kwekutadza, mafungidziro chaiwo akashanda chaizvo, umo mwanasikana wechiitiko chaive achiri mupenyu.
Mukadzi chete ane hutsinye mukadzi akapenga yaive katsi. Kwechipiri, mhuka isina kubva muIshostenti yakasara mukadzi kamwe chete - pazuva rekufa kwake. Kufa, Zinaida Nikolaevna akaedza pasina kudzvanya makore ake ekupedzisira aine maoko ake.
Manheru aSeptember 1, 1945, Baba Vasily Zhenkovsky Chataiti Hipili. Akanzwisisa zvishoma, asi Chirairo chakamedzwa. Iyo ngano yezana ramakore resirivheri yakapinda muOblivion musi waSeptember 9, 1945 (pazera ramakore makumi manomwe nemasere). Akavigwa mumakuva weRussia weSaint-gedera Boua muguva rimwe newawakaroorana naye. Nhaka yekunyora yezvakavanzika zvakachengetedzwa muunganidzwa wenhetembo, madhirikwi uye zvinyorwa.
BHAIBHERI
- 1889-1903 - "Unganidzo yeNhetembo"
- 1896 - "Vanhu vatsva"
- 1898 - "Magiramu"
- 1901 - "Yechitatu Nhau Yebhuku"
- 1903-1909 - "Unganidzo yeNhetembo"
- 1907 - "
- 1908 - "dema pane chena"
- 1911 - "Chestorova Chido"
- 1912 - "Lunar Masvosve"
- 1913 - "ROMAN-Tsarevich"
- 1914-1918 - "Nhetembo dzazvino"
- 1916 - "Kuridza Green"
- 1922 - "Nhetembo. Diary 1911-1921 »