Biography
"Muimbi weRussia zvisikwa" - akadaidzwa kuti munyori anoshanda naye Konsntin SOWEL. Maxim Gorky anoyemura hurongwa hwetemberi yake kuti ape "kutaridzika kwemuviri kwezvinhu zvese" kuburikidza nemashoko akajairwa. Mikhail Mikilovich Svina Iye, anofarira kutora mifananidzo, akazvidaidza kuti "mudzidzisi wechiedza" uye akataura kuti anofunga "mifananidzo".Hudu uye Vechidiki
Munyori akazvarwa mune yakatengwa nemwoyo murefu-lelets mutengesi - estate mune ye oryel province. Pano, muKhrushchev, Mikhal Mikhalovich - Mudiki wevana vashanu Maria Ignateva naMikhail Svavina vaitwa. Kubva kuna amai veMofaeter vakatora simba reMweya uye kuramba, kubva kuna Baba, vachirasikirwa ne generic estate, kuda zvisikwa.
Musoro wemhuri mutasvi ane hunyanzvi akahwina pamapundu emigozi, aifarira matatya eOllovsky, akadaidza kuvhima uye akatarisira gadheni rakura. Aiziva mijenya mumiti nemavara. Baba vaFally vakasiya mwanakomana wavo ndangariro yakajeka: ruoko rune hutano runoteedzera dhizaini ye "bhuruu bobrov" - chiratidzo chehope dzisina kuzadzikiswa. Mushure mekufa kwemukadzi, Maria Ivanovna pachake akaiswa patsoka dzevana vashanu. Vakaregerera tsika uye zvikwereti hazvina kudzivirira mukadzi kuti ape vanakomana vana nevanasikana.
Muna 1883, Mikhail-ane makore ane makore 10 kubva kuAlementary Rustic Chikoro akaendeswa kuGymnasium muzvinoshevedzera. Asi iye mudiki kwazvo, akasiyana nehama dzakura, haana kusiyana mukushingaira - akasvika makore mana. Nemhaka yekushanda kukuru, iye akasara kechitatu, asi mukomana akakwanisa kuuraya mudzidzisi, aakadzingwa.
Kufarira muzvidzidzo paSvanovina kwakamuka muTyumen, uko Misha yakatumirwa kuna babamunini - merchant Ivan Ivnatev. Muna 1893, Mikhail-ane makore 20 okukura Svdy akapedza kudzidza kubva kuAlexander Chaiyo Chikoro. Babamunini vasina mwana, hama yamai, vaitarisira kuendesa muzukuru, asi kuti pane zvimwe zvinangwa - munyori wenguva yemberi akapinda muPolyTochnic University muRiga. Ikoko akabva abata dzidziso ye marxist uye akabatana nedenderedzwa, izvo zvaakanga ari pakuferefetwa mugore rapfuura.
Muna 1898, Mikhail Svavina yakaburitswa mushure mhedziso yegore negore muMetava jeri. Akaenda kuLeipzig, kwaakapedza kudzidza kubva kune maviri makosi eakakwirisa kumeso kuyunivhesiti, kugamuchira hunyanzvi hwekuongorora nyika. Svarvin akadzoka kuRussia uye asati ashanda semuchengeti, akanyora mabhuku enzizi nezvinyorwa.
Mabhuku
Ndichiri kushanda pamabhuku, Mikhail Privhanini akaona kuti sainzi yekushanda basa rakamanikana. Chivimbo chakawanikwa muna 1907, apo iyo yekutanga nyaya "Sashos" yakabudiswa. Svavin leavin sainzi uye anonyora zvinyorwa zvepepanhau. Mutori venhau uye fascination neEnthnography yakadaidza munyori mune rwendo rwegore-kwegore nechokumusoro. Mikhail Mikhaillovich akaongorora PoMorie neAvigovsky Ndima, kwaaivereka uye akagadzirisa 38 folk ngano inosanganisirwa muunganidziro yekuchamhembe.
Kwemwedzi mitatu, Mikhail svin akashanyira mahombekombe egungwa chena, iyo Kola Peninsula, Solevetsky Zvitsuwa uye akadzokera kuArkhnelk. Kubva ipapo muchikepe vakafamba rwendo kuburikidza neArctic Ocean, vakashanyira Norway uye, vakati vakurudzira Scandinavia, vakadzokera kuSt. Petersburg. Muguta rekuchamhembe, iyo bhuku rezvinyorwa zvekunyora iri kukudziridza nekukurumidza: Pahwaro hwezvemafungiro, iye akanyora kuti muunganidzwe "mumucheto wekuparadza", kuti Sangano reRussia rakapa munharaunda yakapihwa munyori ne sirivheri menduru.
Muna 1908, bhuku rechipiri rakaonekwa muna 1908 - Nyaya dzinofamba dzeupenyu uye nemunhu wese wevagari vechamhembe "kune iyo magic Kolobkom". Mikhail muvakavhurika akawana kuremerwa mudenderedzwa revanyori, vakaita shamwari neAlexei Remzov, Dmitry Merezhkovsky uye Maxim Gorky. Mune vakafanana vakafara mune zviitiko zve1908 mushure mekufamba vachitenderera mutyairi uye Kazakhstan, Mikhail Mikhalovich akaburitsa muunganidzwa wezvinyorwa "pedyo nemadziro ezvisingaoneki". Muna 1912, gorky yakataridza kuburitswa kwemusangano wekutanga wemabasa aMikhail Privina.
Kucheka Hondo Yenyika Yekutanga Yakavhiringidzwa Munyori kubva kunyora nyaya dzekufamba uye ngano dzekudaira. Mauto anoenderana anovanzika akadhindwa zvinyorwa nezve zviitiko kumberi. Iyo Bolshevik Revolution Mikhail Pron - haina pakarepo. Kuomerera pamaonero eSerc, akadhindisa zvirongwa zveSerc, akadhindisa zvinyorwa, nehafu yakavhunduka neAlexander Blok, akataura parutivi rwehurumende itsva, akashanyirwa. Asi mushure meGumiguru, munyori akarega kukunda kweSoviet.
Muma1920s, Mikhail Privanin akasangana munzvimbo yeSplensk. Shandura nhoroondo yemunharaunda uye muvhimi, kubva paSplensk kune makumbo, uye kubva ipapo muDunhu reMoscow, vakanyora nyaya dzevakawanda uye ngano dzevana vakabatana muunganidzwa "Calendar". Kucherechedzwa kubva kune zvakasikwa uye mhuka zvakaumba hwaro hweNhau "Lisukhan chingwa" uye "JEZH". Yakanyorwa nemutauro wakareruka werondedzero pamusoro pehomwe dzemhuka dzakagadzirirwa kumutsa muvaverengi vashoma vanofarira Flora uye Fauna. Mu "Lisukan" chingwa "cheLisukan chavakrinda akaudza vana kuti sei babiji ichinzi Hare, uye chingwa - vakafa. Mu "Hedgehog" anotaurira nezvehushamwari hweHedgehog nemurume.
"Berivan tube", "Beere" uye "nzira mbiri" dzichakuvadza ngano pamusoro pemhuka. Mune nyaya "vakomana uye dhayeti", Mikhal Mikalovich nezvakaitika pakujekeswa kwemusango nezvevacheche vake, avo vanobata vana. Uye mu "Goridhe Luga" uye "Hupenyu Pamutambo", Svarin akataura nezvezvisikwa kuti vaverengi vadiki vanzwisise - iye mupenyu.
Mikhail muvakachaira muma1920-30,02, vakanyorera vana nevakuru. Mumakore ezvinhu aya, akashanda chinyorwa che autobiographio ye "Cascoeva keteni". Munyori akatanga bhuku racho muma1920 uye akashanda pairi kusvika pamazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu. Muma 1930s, munyori akatenga van, iyo yakapihwa zita rekuti Masha ". Nemotokari, Svarvin akafamba nyika yese. Gare gare, iyo van yakatsiviwa iyo "moskvich".
Mukati memakore aya, Mikhal Mikhalovich akashanya kuDunhu reEast Frial. Mhedzisiro yenguva yerwendo yaive bhuku "Zvikara Zvikara" uye Nyaya "Ginseng". Nyaya yacho "Fambisa Spring" Svvin yakanyorwa pasi pezvisikwa zverwendo rwakakomberedza Kostroma nejarma. Pakati pama1930, mushure merwendo rwekuRussia kuchamhembe, Mikhail Privanin yakanyora bhuku reBerendeva Bazhetti nyaya uye vakatanga kunyora nyaya ye "mukombe wechikepe".
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, munyori ane makore makumi manomwe akaenda kunobva kuYaroslavl Dunhu. Kuda Flora uye Fauna uye ndipo pandakawana Chishandiso: Vangavandudzwa vakadzivirira sango rakatenderedza musha, kwaanogara, kubva mukuparadzwa nevanovandudza. Mugore redare rehondo, Mikhail svuta yakauya kuguta guru uye rakaburitsa nyaya "madonhwe emadombo". Muna 1945, Epic Fairy Tale "Stacheom Zuva" rakaonekwa.
Nyaya yacho "Amai vangu" muenzaniso wakajeka wekubata rudo rweNyika. Izvo zvakanyorwa nemazwi akareruka, pasina mapato anotapira. Iko hakuna zano rakajeka, mamwe manzwiro. Asi, kuverenga nyaya yacho, kunzwa kunhuhwirira kwetii nemukaka, iwe unonzwa izwi raamai, ruzha rwesango nesango.
Pashure pehondo, Mikhail Navitin akatenga imba yeDunino mumusha weTornino, maari akararama zhizha rega rega kusvika 1953. Fascinter ne Photodel kubva kuma1920s yakatendeukira mune imwe nyaya yeupenyu, yakafanana nekukosha nekunyora inoshanda nezvechisikirwo uye mhuka. Muimba yemumusha, Sendavina akawana nzvimbo yemufananidzo wemufananidzo. Yakachengetedzwa muDhino, uko museum yakaonekwa mushure mekufa kwechipfuva.
Mikhail Svtainen akabvisa chimiro mumakona ese, anoratidza mafoto akanyorwa mabhuku. "Kudiridza" kwaive iye akatendeka mumwe wemunyori kusvika makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu. Basa guru revanyori vevanyori vevanyori nevatsoropodzi vanonzi "diaries". Marekodhi ekutanga akanyorwa 1905th, yekupedzisira - 1954th gore. Vhoriyamu ye "diaries" inodarika 8-tomny kuunganidza mabasa emunyori. Kuverenga zvinyorwa, iva akajeka maonero eMikhail Mikhaillovich nezvehupenyu, nzanga uye basa remunyori. Rakabudiswa "diaries" kuma1980. Pakutanga, ivo vaisave vachivararisiya kuti vabatwe.
Nekuti mabasa maviri, mafirimu akabviswa. Mufananidzo we "hut hwekare-refu-refu" wakabuda pakati pe1930, asi hauna kuchengetedzwa kusvikira nhasi. Uye mutambo wekushambadzira "mhepo yekudzungaira" - Kuchengetedzeka kweiyo Tales Tales "ngarava" uye "Zuva Rokutengesa"
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukadzi wekutanga wemunyori aive murombo kubva kune iyo Smolensk musha weEfrosia Badikina. Efrosiory, Pavlovna aive muchato wechipiri. Munongedzo yekutanga, mukadzi akaberekwa mwanakomana waKakov (akafa kumberi). Mu "Diaries", Svarvin anodana mukadzi wekutanga weFrosya, akaderera paVlovna. Mukubatana nemukadzi uyu, munyori akazvarwa ari vatatu vanakomana.
Dangwe reSergey akafa mukufamba. Mwanakomana wechipiri - Leo Svavina, Belletrist, uyo akanyora Shumba yeAlpatov pasi peiyo Shumba yePseudominonym yekugadzira - haina kuzova muna 1957. Mwanakomana wechitatu, Okhotyad Peter Svain, akafa muna 1987. Iye, seshumba, akatora chipo chechipo chemunyori kubva kuna Baba. Muna2009, kusvika kuGumiguru kwekuzvarwa kwaPeter Mikhairivhilovich, vakaburitsa memoir yakanyorwa naye.
Muma1940, pazera ramakore makumi matanhatu nematanhatu, Mikhail Privhanine akasiya mhuri uye akaroora Valeria Lorsko, aive weTenges kwemakore makumi maviri nemaviri. Pamwe chete vakararama makore gumi nematatu. Chirikadzi yemunyori yakanyora nezvemurume wemurume akakurumbira, akachengeta zvinyorwa kusvika 1979 - gore rekufa kwake - rakatungamira mamuseum remunyori.
Rufu
Mumakore makumi masere, vanachiremba vakaona seyakafananidzira chirwere - gastric cancer. Svarvin akafa mumwedzi mitanhatu, pakati paJanuary 1954, muguta guru. Panguva yekufa, aive nemakore makumi masere nemasere.
Mikhal Mikhalovich akavigwa pane yakaunzwa yemakuva. Zita rake rakanzi Gomo Peak nedziva muCaucasian Reserve, Cape paKurilla naAsteroid, yakavhurwa muna 1982.
BHAIBHERI
- 1907 - "mumupendero weshiri dzisiripolia"
- 1908 - "Kune iyo magic Kolobkom"
- 1908 - "pamadziro ezvisingaonekwe"
- 1933 - "Ginseng"
- 1935 - "Karenda rezvisikwa"
- 1936 - "Berendeva Chapheet"
- 1945 - "Zuva rekuchengeta"
- 1954 - "Ngarava Chat"
- 1960 - "Cascoeva Chain"