Biography
George Martin is a American Science munyori, iyo yakawanda yemubairo wemazhinji, munyori weiyo ice "chando uye murazvo, unobva kune iyo yakakurumbira" mutambo wezvengarava "zvabviswa. Muna 2011, iyo magazini "nguva" yaisanganisira Martin mune yepamusoro zana vanhu vane simba kwazvo pasi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Musi waSeptember 20, 1948, muguta rematongerwo enyika? George Raymond Richard Martin Ros uye akarererwa mumhuri huru inozivikanwa yaigara mumba yekutandarira munzira yekutanga. Zvinozivikanwa kuti musanganiswa weropa remamwe ropa remamwe nyika dzakasiyana dzinoyerera dziri mumunyori wemunyori. Baba vaGeorge ishe wedzinza reItaly uye veGerman vanobva kuImints, uye amai vemunyori vanobva kune vane hungwaru venyama yeIrish avo vakamboita basa rakakosha muhupenyu hweByonna.
Munyori anoteedzerawo French, Welsh, Chirungu uye midzi yechiGerman. Nhoroondo yeMargaret nezve inhaka yemhuri yerudzi rweshatiro uye nezvechizvarwa chegoridhe yeAsia uye zvachose zvakanyorwa mupfungwa dzemukomana. Mubvunzurudzo nemagazini yakakurumbira inotsvaira dombo, tenzi wenyeni akabvuma kuti hukama hwake nababa vake hwaive husina kuiswa. Kunyanya, baba nemwanakomana vaisave pedyo: Vakaona zuva rega rega, zvakadaro, vakatsinhana chete mavara maviri. Chinhu chete icho Jordja naRaymond vakasungwa, rudo rwemitambo. Munguva yake yemahara, Martin-sr. Aida kunwa, nekuda kweizvo izvo mhuri yakanga isina mota: Zvinoenderana naBaba vemunyori, doro rakasimba uye kuwanikwa kwemotokari - zvinhu hazvienderane.
Yakanyungudika yechokwadi pendi, monotomy uye zuva rega rega bustle yakatungamira George mukushuva. Uye nyika inoshamisa chete kubva mumabhuku evanyori vanodiwa yakaita mavara anopenya pane grey canvas yehupenyu. Martin akaziva kuti kekutanga kujairana nemabasa ezvinyorwa zvekumadokero emabhuku ezvinyorwa zvakaburitswa nemazana emabwe. Zvinokosha kuti muna 1965, George, akafuridzirwa neAdventures of Superheroes, akagamuchira mubairo wekutanga - iyo Alley Award mukova "simba r "Bhuruu chipinganidzo."
Maristina paakachinja makore gumi, akaiswa bhuku reAmerican Scaffol Robert Khainlanine "Ndine Skaander - yakagadzirira kufamba." Ipapo iyo Mystic Howard Illustracraft uye Legarldarium John Tolkina akaoneka muupenyu hwaGeorge. Munyori wezve ramangwana aine mopu akaverenga ngano dzinotyisa pamusoro peGreat uye anotyisa Ktulhu uye akateya iye anodzungaira mumashiripiti Mediterranean.
Mudiki Martin akadzidza kuna Mary naJane aDodha chikoro chesekondari mutaundi rekumusha kwake. Munguva yezvidzidzo zvinokatyamadza, George akanyora nyaya dzeropa dzakasvibiswa pamusoro pemamotari uye ndokutengesa kuti mapeni kune vafambi vake. Pari mari yakagamuchirwa, murume wechidiki ane chipo akatenga nzira yemukaka yaunofarira chokoreti.
Apedza chikoro, Martin akatamira kuIllinois guta reVanton. Ikoko, jaya rakadzidza runyasha hunyanzvi muNorthwestern University. Kunyangwe George akagamuchira degree reBachelor uye degree raTenzi, zvaisakwanisa kuwana basa mune rakakosha: Kubva 1978 Martin akatanga kudzidzisa Chirungu kuClark University. Muma1980, Johane akatamira kuHollywood, kwaakanyora zviitiko, uye akashandawo semupepeti uye anogadzira.
Mabhuku
George akatanga kufunga nezve zviitiko zvekuverenga mukuyaruka. Mushure mekuverenga iyo yeRoma-Epic tolkina "ishe wezvindori" muna 1965, mudiki Martin anoedza kunyora. Ipapo George anouya nenyaya nezveRhlorine, muchinda weHerbro-anofamba kuburikidza neHumambo hweDotracian mukutsvaga madhimoni nemamoteri akauraya sekuru vake Barriistan. Jaya racho harina kupedza nyaya iyi, zvisinei, mazita evatambi makuru anoratidzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomazve martin.
"Pandakaverenga Howard, ndakafunga: Zuva raizouya, uye ini handinyore zvakashata kupfuura iye. Asi pamusoro pemapeji eRova Tolkien, ndakashungurudzika. Usambofa wakakwanisa kuita sezvaanoita, unoswedera! " - Martin akadaro mune imwe yekubvunzurudzwa.Muna 1971, George akaitika mune ino magazini (zvisati zvaitika, Martin akabudiswa muFencine): Galaxy Science Fiction yakadhindwa nyaya yake "Gamba" ("gamba"). Izvo zvinokosha kuti Fortuna akanyemwerera pajaya risingabvumirwe: Izvi zvisati zvaitika, iro basa reGeorge yeGeorge "kuwedzera kuchengetedza kwekodhi yekodhi ka25. Muna 1976, muunganidzwa wedhisheni wenyaya dzaGeorge R. R. Martin "Rwiyo nezve Reaa", rakapihwa mubairo wekunyora ", Locus".
Kubva kuBiography yemunyori, inozivikanwa kuti Gumi yakatanga kunyorwa nekunyora mushure mekufa kweAmerican Fin Rimy (Tom Reamy), akafa kubva pakurwara kwemoyo munaNovember 4, 1977, akagara kumashure kwetemidhi. Ichi chiitiko chinoshungurudza martin chakaonekwa sechiratidzo pamusoro.
Muna 1977, Martin anoburitsa chinyorwa chesainzi "chinofa" chinofa ", icho muna 1979 chakasarudzwa cheBritish fungidziro inodaidzira mubayiro. Urongwa hwemabhuku hunotaura nezvenyaya dzekunyepedzera, iyo iri kuita mugumo wegirazi, tichibva kure nenyeredzi uye huwandu hwehupenyu hwechando uye rima. Saka, Martin anotaurira nezve kuparadzwa kwenyika, uko mavara makuru ari kuedza kujairana nezvinhu zvinoshatisa zvekuve.
Zvakare, munyori anokoshesa kuunganidzwa kwenhau "jecha madzishe" (1981), "Thafa Travel" (1986), Memel "Musangano Knight" (1998) Uye mamwe mabasa mazhinji akanaka. Asi kuzivikanwa kwevanotsigira vateereri Martin kunounza kutenderera kweNovels "rwiyo rwechando nemurazvo". Nhevedzano dzave dzakakurumbira kwazvo zvekuti rakashandurwa mumitauro 45 dzepasi, uye kutengesa kwakazara muna Kubvumbi 2015 kwakapfuura mamirioni makumi matanhatu.
"Rwiyo rwechando nemoto"
Pakutanga, nhevedzano yemabhuku "rwiyo rwechando uye murazvo webasa racho raifanirwa kunge ari muna 1991, akashamisika nemartin se trielogy, asi panguva iyo kutenderera kwacho kwakura kusvika kune vashanu mavhoriyamu.
- "Game yeHurumende" (1996)
- "Hondo Yamadzimambo" (1998)
- "Dutu remapakatwa" (2000)
- "PIR YEMAHARA" (2005)
- "Dhanzi neDragons" (2011)
Kutenda mabasa aTroubadur, vaverengi vazhinji, vakati vanzwa izwi rekuti "zera repakati", vanomiririra huma dzeMadzimambo nemaminda, iro rakarodzwa musimboti, rakarodzwa nekamhepo.
Muzvinyorwa zvake, Martin anoparadza aya stereotypes, rinorondedzerwa nehondo dzehondo uye nehondo, asiwo achitaura nezvekusarongeka, hurombo, kusashivirira uye nehurombo hwechitendero mune idzo dzine bonde munguva dzakapusa. Saka, munyika yayo yekunyepedzera, tenzi arikuedza kudzokorora chimwe chinhu chakafanana neyekupedzisira kupatsanurana, achimupa madhiri ake akanaka uye undead.
Mumabhuku emartin, kune vazhinji vanoita zvekuita vanhu uye mitezo yemitambo, mune iyo pakutanga iwe yaunogona kuvhiringidzika. Asi, kunyangwe huwandu hwakawanda hwemazita, nziyo dze "nziyo dzechando uye murazvo" hadzigadzike kwavari panguva yerondedzero, ichiratidza nyika yemukati, kunyange hunhu hushoma kwazvo. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti maAmerican ane mabhuku haatyi kusimudza paruzhinji, gamba rinozadziswa zvakanyanya kubva kubasa rake, iro rakakwanisa kuverenga vaverengi. Sekureva kwemunyori, hazvigoneke kunyora bhuku rakanaka mune iyo hapana anofa.
Nenzira, iyo pfungwa yakafanana yekubika mavara kubva kuGeorge yakafuridzirwa mufananidzo weAlfred Hichkoka "Psycho", uko munhu mukuru anofa mushure memaminitsi makumi mana mushure mekunge iyo firimu ichitanga. Muna 2011, pane zvinangwa zve "nziyo dzechando uye murazvo" pane iyo HBO TV chiteshi, imwe yeakanyanya-bhajeti, "mutambo wezvigaro", izvo, kunyangwe huwandu hwebonde uye hutsinye Zviitiko, zvakagamuchira ongororo yekushambadzira kwevatsoropodzi vakakurumbira uye vaviid Kinomans.
Hupenyu Hwako
Anodiwa Wokutanga Martin akava munyori anozivikanwa Lisa tattle, muCo-kunyorwa neiyo George yakanyorwa nyaya "dutu muchiteshi chemhepo" (1975). Neraki, kana kusununguka kusuwa, hukama hwehurumende mbiri dzekusika dzakarwara fiasco. Muna 1974, tenzi anopa ruoko uye moyo weGale Bernik, kubva kwairi rakarambana mushure memakore mashanu ekudzidzisa.
Maererano nerunyerekupe, panguva ino martin akatungamira hupenyu hwakaoma uye hwakanakirwa nemukadzi. Yakanga iri muna 1975 kuti kusangana kwemunyori kuri kuitika nemukadzi wake wenguva yemberi (uye chikamu chenguva ne fan yezvinyorwa zvake) - Paris McBride. Muna 2011, George uye Paris akafunga zvepamutemo hukama hwavo. Hakuna vana vanobva kune vakaroora.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, George Martin ari philanthrop. Akavenga mhandara yemweya yemusango - nheyo inobatsira mukutsigira mhuka dzesango muNew Mexico. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti genius yemabhuku haadi kunyanyisa kutarisisa vateveri.
"Ndakava nemukurumbira uye ndangori kufamba. Uye izvi "ndinogona kuzviramba newe"! Ini ndinopika: Kana musimba rangu chaive kupisa mafoni ese neakamera, ndingazviita ndisina kufunga, "American akaudza vatori venhau.George Martin izvozvi
Muna 2017, munyori anoshanda pachikamu cheSaga "rwiyo rwechando uye murazvo" pasi pezita "mhepo yechando".
Iyo chaiyo yakaburitswa zuva rebhuku racho richiri Chakavanzika: Zvichifungidzira bhuku richabudiswa muna 2017 kana 2018. Chikamu chekupedzisira chechitubu chekurota chinorongwa muna 2020.
BHAIBHERI
- "Rwiyo rweLii" 1976 (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- "Kufa Chiedza", 1977
- "Nzira Yemuchinjiko neDranon", 1979
- "JOSE Kings" 1981 (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- "Harbor mhepo", 1981 (pamwe chete neLiza Tatl)
- "Zviroto zvaFebruary", 1982
- "Kuboora rima", 1985 (muunganidzi wenyaya).
- "Tafa Kufamba", 1986 (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- "Denda nyeredzi", 1993 (notos uye nyaya)
- Cycle "Rwiyo rwechando uye moto" (kubva 1996)