Biography
Iye akanzi "Catherine Great", "mistress", gurukota rakanakisa reSoviet Union. Ekaterina fursseva yakava mukadzi wekutanga akakwanisa kupinda muchimiro chinotungamira chenyika. Ane makore 14 sezvo mushumiri wehunyanzvi akashandura iyo fursev mune ngano.
Kunyangwe paine avo vanonzi Catherine Alekseevna "hurumende yeKicheni". Kupararira kwemaonero kubva kune feududders kune yakakwana kurambidzwa inoratidza kuti furtseva ndeye yakakura-chiyero nhoroondo.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Frersev akaberekwa munguva yechando ya1910 muTver mudunhu, mumusha uri pasi peVychny ovoley. Akakurira mumhuri yebasa. Baba Catherine havana kurangarira: Alexey furtsev akafa kumafasi ehondo yenyika yekutanga. Amai, mushandi wemafekitori anovesa, isa mwanasikana patsoka dzake pasina rubatsiro.
Musikana akapedza chikoro chemakore manomwe uye mune gumi nemashanu akagara kubasa pane bhizinesi, uko amai vaishanda. Dai zvisiri zvehunhu hwekuzvidavirira uye pfungwa yakapinza yeKisu, aizozvidzokorora mugumo waMatrena Nikolaevna, aaida uye aitya. Asi Ekaterina Fursheva akapunyuka kubva kudenderedzwa rehurombo uye grey zuva nezuva hupenyu, kuyambuka biography yemashini ekupfura, kushamisika kwekutanga uye kuchembera mudunhu.
Zvematongerwo enyika
Matongo ane makore gumi nemashanu akapinda muKomsomol akatanga kukwira nekukurumidza pamutambo webato. Musha wechigadziri, asi musikana weBrisk akaonekwa nemusha wevakuru uye akatumira kumusha weKoreneevo Dunhu, uko Catherine kwaifanira kusimudzwa kubva pamabvi ake. Asi pasina nguva akasarudzwa nemunyori weiyo komsomol yemunharaunda uye akashandurirwa mune inopisa fodosion. Pano, Ekaterina furtseva, kusvika 1933, akashanda semunyori weGSCO VLKSM uye akapinda mumitsara yeWCP (B).
Maodzanyemba, aimbove tkachach akasungwa kwemakore maviri ndokuenda kuLeningrad: Fultsev akatumirwa kune makosi epamusoro emhepo yemhepo. MuLeningrad, Katya akawira murudo uye akaroora murume wechiremba akanaka. Varooreti vakaenda kuSaratov, ndokubva kuguta guru. MuMoscow, Ekaterina furtsev akapa basa remurayiridzi weDhipatimendi reMudzidzi weHofisi yeDare repakati reChdkkm. Hondo yakatanga kuwana mukadzi mudiki muMoscow. Iye murume akaenda kunorwa, uye mukadzi - kudzima mabhomba edenga pamatenga edenga.
Kuzvarwa kwemwanasikana muna 1942 uye hondo haina kukanganisa basa rekukurumidza re fursev. Kubva mumusha weCatherine zvakakonzera Amai muguta guru, achirayira kuti mwanasikana mudiki mudiki, uye iye akazova secretary wechibysHevsky chipatara cheguta. Makore 8 mukadzi Old akashanda muVKP Dunhu (b) grunen dunhu reMoscow. Akatora chinzvimbo chemunyori wechipiri, asi munguva pfupi akatanga kuva wekutanga.
Anosiyaniswa Ekaterina furtsev muma1950s akawedzera kumunyori wechipiri weiyo makomo emakomo eMakomo. Muna 1954, Ekaterina Alakseevna akatora chinzvimbo cheMunyori weGuta Rokutanga reguta. Kubva 1950s, kwemakore gumi nemaviri, Fretsev akasarudzwa nemutevedzeri weDare repamusoro reDare guru, uye muna 1956 vakapa chinzvimbo cheMunyori wepakati pekomiti yeCps. Kwapera gore, "Catherine Great" yakava nhengo yeMutungamiriri, achirasikirwa nechiremera muna 1961.
Gurukana rezvetsika
Musikana weCathedral Ekaterina Alekseevna akagadzwa muna 1960. Mune ino post, furtevs yakashanda kusvika kurufu. Pfungwa pamusoro pehunhu hweMinister uye chimiro chebhuku remubati. Catherine furtsev anopomerwa mhosva yekusanzwisisana, kunyanya mimhanzi uye pendi. Uye chokwadi chekuti mukuru uyu haana kunzwisisa, akarambidzwa.
Saka vechidiki veSoviet vakarasikirwa nekunakidzwa nekutaura kwekurarama kwekurohwa uye nematombo anofamba-famba - furtseva haana kupa mvumo yekushanya kwavo muUSSR. VaTatrians havana kuona maitiro eYuri Lyubimov "Mupenyu" pane Taganka. MSTISLAV Rostropopovich uye Galina Vishnevskaya aifanira kubva munyika yakachengetwa Alexander Solzhenzyn. Muimbi wekusazvibata kwakadaro panzira yemufundisi wetsika haina kupa zviitiko.
Uye zvakadaro rondedzero yezvakanaka zviito. Catherine furtsey yakareba. Nemhaka Gurukota nepakati 1950s, kuratidzira kubva kuDresden Gallery yaiitirwa Soviet Union, uye ari Kuma1960, mafeni kuti kupenda ainakidzwa kanivhasi pakati Svyatoslav Roerich uye Fernan Lyzh. Muna 1974 muTytyakov Garari, kuratidzwa kwemabasa emabasa Mako Stegal akaitika.
Mugore rimwe chetero, iyo mifananidzo yeFrench inomutsa uye mona Lisa, Leonardo da Vinci akauya munyika yemakanzuru. Muna 1960s, Soviet Melomanov's inonzwa yakafara nekuimba kweIVA Montana naSimon Signman Orchestra, uye muna 1974, opera "la scala" muBolda the the
Rinokosha rudo Ekaterina furtsev akashandisa Theatre uye cinema. Muna 1960s, vhiki yeFrance neItaly Cinema yakaitika muguta guru. Vagadziri veBT vakaenda kushanya kuAmerican, uye Mkhatovats anoitwa pane zviitiko zveEngland, France, iyo USA neJapan. Frtseva akakwanisa kugonesa Yuri Andropov kuti KGB haina kukanganisa zvisarudzo zviri pamavharidzi zvevarindi uye tsika dzetsika.
Munguva yekutonga kweCatherine furtsev, nzvimbo yemuzinda yekukwira kwevana nehudiki mumakomo eLenin, iyo Horo yeChinini "Russia", Theatre paTagank uye Circus paVernadsky. MCAT, Theatre Operta uye iyo Mossovet Theatre, akatamira kuzvivakwa zvitsva. Kutenda kuRurtsev, akararama parairmori haana kuvharwa, akasimudzira kuberekwa kweOleg Tabakov Theatre Studio.
Ekaterina fursseva hunhu hwaipenya hwakamiswa mafirimu akawanda. Muna 2011, iyo Sergey Sergey Popova "Frtseva yakaburitswa pane zvikwangwani. Ngano yeCatherine. " Mudiki Katya Grtsev akatamba Tatyana Arntgalts, uye Irina Rosanova akaoneka nenzira yemufundisi eCusture, Ekaterina.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mutyairi Peter Bitkov akazova murume wekutanga wehunyanzvi hwemangwana. Vakaroora pakati pe1930s, asi makore mashanu gare gare ivo vakarambana. Mumuchato uyu, mwanasikana chete weRutsev Svetlana akazvarwa. Zvinokonzeresa kurambana zvinonzi zvakasiyana. Zvakajairika - Bitkov akawana mumwe mukadzi, izvo zvaakazivisa, zvichidzoka kubva kumberi.
Asi pane vhezheni iyo mukadzi akaberekerwa mukadzi kumwana kubva kumudiwa wake. Pakaita Peter Bitkov paakadzoka kubva kuhondo, mwanasikana wake aive nemwedzi mina. Frontvävika pane kusatendeka kwemumwe mukadzi akasereka maziso ake achitaura meso aperembudzi. Varoorani vakabvuma kuchengetedza iyo yekutanga vhezheni kuitira kuti varege kunyadzisa mutyairi akashinga uye usabvisa basa re fursev.
Ekaterina furtsev's mudiwa anonzi munyori weGrunzeensky Dunhu uye Peter Boguslavsky. Iyo paturu yemukadzi akanaka inobatsira kufambira mberi kuburikidza nebasa. Asi kurambana nemukadzi wake, nekubayira basa, Boguslavsky aisada. Hukama hwakamira apo patron yakabviswa kubva kuhofisi.
Muna 1956, Ekaterina Fursheeva akaroora Nikolai Firyubina Diplomat. Muchato uyu wakabvumidza nikita Khrushchev. Asi mushure mekugadzwa kwemumiriri weFiryubina muCzechoslovakia mukadzi haana kuenda kupfuura murume wake, achiramba kuramba ari mushumiri wetsika.
Mushure mekudzoka kweFiryubin kuenda kunyika (akagadzwa semutevedzeri wezvematongerwo enyika evamwe zvinhu), hupenyu hwevakaroorana hwakazunza seams. Mukwasha haana kuda amai vekaaterina Alekseevna uye akavenga mwanasikana. Fortseva akaputika pakati pevanhu vatatu vavanofarira, vachiwedzera kubvisa doro kunetseka.
Rufu
Ekaterina furtseva akaramba ari oga. Mwanasikana ane mhuri, amai vakafa, uye murume wake achinja, asina kuviga. Kudonhedza kwekupedzisira mukushivirira kwekare kwakawiswa, kwakarongedzwa naLeonid Brezhner. Ekaterina furtseva akafa muna Gumiguru 1974. Muparidzi akakonzera rufu, vanachiremba vanonzi moyo kukundikana.
Ivo vanoti mukadzi mushure mekunwa doro akatora shawa inopisa, mhedzisiro yeiyo moyo wakasviba. Asi kune dzimwe shanduro dzaizvipira kuuraya zvinouraya, kumwa remahwendefa evasungwa. Catherine furtsev yakavigwa kune iyo Novderevichy Cemetery Inotevera Amai.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
- Ekaterina fursseva akapa mafungiro kune vasiri-nyanzvi yezvinyorwa uye vakaita zvakawanda zvekuvandudzwa kwavo. Mufundisi wetsika akatenda kuti nyanzvi yemitambo yevatambi vakatsanangurwa. Pagungano revatungamiriri nevaridzi, vaivimbisa zvakanakira zvevatambi vasiri vechinyakare, iye mukuru wenhamba kune mutambi weLovanova - Akazofa muRexbook uye haana kutarira kunzira yeCatherine Alekseevna. Akabvunza muimbi kuti: "Hausi kufarira?". Lavanov vakapindura mubvunzo wemubvunzo: "Pano iwe pachako ungatendeukira kune isina kuvhurika gynecologist?".
- Ekaterina fursseva yakachengetedza nikita Khrushchev kubva kuCoup kana munyori mukuru akada kubvisa kubva pazvinhu. Akakonzera kusimbisa uye haana kubvumira Nikita Sergeevich kuti arege. Muna 1961, Khrushchev "Akazvidzwa" Catherine Fulseva, achinyadzisa uye achizvibvisa kubva muMutungamiriri wedare repakati. Mukuru wacho akaderedzwa nekukurukurirana kwehurumende uye akatora imba. Mukadzi wacho akavhura mavhenekeri mubhavhu, asi akaponeswa.
- Inopenya kuti Catherine Fursheva yakaita kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki. Akazvitevedzera, zuva nezuva vakagadzira magystem, airidza tenisi. Art Nhoroondo yeAnatoly SmanySky akanyora muMemoirs iyo iyo yepamutemo inonzwira tsitsi neOleg Efremov uye kuwirirana naye.
- Sekureva kwaYuri Nikulina, nekutenda kune iyo furtsey comedy, iyo caucasian kutapwa yasvika pakurenda. Vladimir Etush akatamba comrade cacahov, asi yakawanikwa kuti zita rePatorta "Mosfilm" - Sakov. Iyo tepi yakapera haina kusunungurwa, ichikonzera kugadziridza nekuchinja surname. Nikolin akanyunyuta kumuranda, uye akagadzirisa dambudziko rekufona kumwe chete.