Biography
Anna John - Iyo Empress yeRussia kubva kuRomanov Dynasty, Peter ndiri muzukuru, iyo yaive pachigaro cheushe kubva muna 1730 kusvika 1740. Anna akazvarwa munaFebruary 7, 1693 mumhuri yeumambo mukamuri yemuchinjiko yemuzinda weTerman Kemlin.
Vabereki vemusikana - Tsar Ivan v uye menens praskovna Fedorovna - akasimudza vamwe vaviri vevanasikana: mukuru Catherine uye mudiki praskov. Kubva achiri mudiki, Anna, pamwe chete nehanzvadzi, akadzidza diploma Russian, arithmetic, geography, kutamba, chiGerman neFrench. Vadzidzisi Tsevoreven VaJohann Christian Didatrich Osterman (Mukuru Mukoma Andrei Osterman), Stephen Ramburg.
Muna 1696, Ivan Alikisoevich, uye mambokadzi airipirikiswa pamwe chete nevana vakamanikidzwa kusiya makamuri eKremlin uye kuenda kuimba yenyika yeZamaloves, iyo yaive manor yakavakwa mumatunhu ekare. Minda yemichero yakaputsika muhupfumi hwezinda, anozvidzora akawanda, gadheni renguva yechando rakavakwa. Mudare remitambo nguva dzose vagutsa zviitiko, vaimbi vakapa mimhanzi yemimhanzi ye symphoni.
Muna 1708, mhuri yemukoma wemufi Pose pakatenda kuSt. Petersburg. Kufamba kwakasimba kwakasvika kuguta idzva pamwe chete neAlexei petrovich, neTsarevna feodosia, Maria naNatalia uye neNatalia uye neWheringing Mambokadzi Martha Martha Marthayevna. Mukukudzwa kwehama dzamambo, mabiko muhombe akarongwa ne canonil volley uye gungwa rinofamba kuburikidza neFinnish Bay. Praskovya Fedorovna akagara nevanasikana mumuzinda pedyo nenzvimbo iyo yakasimudzwa ikozvino. Nenguva isipi The Sweeds akatanga kugumbura guta guru rekuchamhembe, uye hama dzaifanira kudzokera kuMoscow.
Mauto aPetro haana kugona kutora kumusoro muhondo yekuchamhembe. Chamambo weRussia chaidikanwa kutsigira Prussian naKurland vatongi. Kurland panguva yehondo yaive ichisangana nedambudziko rezvematongerwo enyika yeCommonwealth, iyo yaive mumifananidzo yemugodhi. Muna 1709, Peter akakwanisa kudzora nzira yekuita, mauto eRussia aigara kuKurland. Deplomatic kutaurirana kwakaitika namambo wePrussia neFriedrich Wilhelm Ini, pane iyo maviri madzishe akasarudzwa kuti abereke.
SeMwenga, mwanasikana wamambiro weRussia akasarudzwa, muzukuru waPeter Ana, muroori - Mucheki wePrussian King Duke Kurlyandan Wilhelm wilhelm wilhelm wilhelm wilhelm wilelm. Mushure memwedzi miviri yekuroora, murume wechidiki akafa nechitonhora munzira inoenda kuKurlyndoa. Peter anorambidza Anna kuti adzokere kumusha kwake. Tsarevna akasvika muMitava, kwaakabata chinzvimbo cheiyo chirikadzi dhusi yemakore makumi maviri. Chivigiro cheMudyati chakasunungurwa nekufungidzira kwakanakira kushandira, Ana aifanira kuve nekuvapo zvine mwero. Dukesy akanyora kakawanda ini naPeter ini, uye ipapo chirikadzi chake nezvikumbiro zvekubatsira zvombo.
Kutanga kwebhodhi
Muna 1730, Emperor Peter II vakafa, uye pakanga paine kudikanwa kusarudza mutongi mutsva. Pamusangano weDare rakavanzika, vatanhatu vekuRussia chigaro cheRussia vakatangwa: Mwanakomana waDuchoss Duchess Ana Petros, Mukadzi wechipiri, mukadzi wekutanga wePeter I - Evdokia feodorovna Lopukhin, uye vanasikana vatatu vaTsar John Alekseevhi.
Machinda Dmitry Golitsyn uye Vasily Dollgoruku apa kukoka Ana Ivanovna, idzo makore makumi maviri mumamiriro ezvinhu akamanikidzwa uye aigona kuenda kune anodiwa aristocracy conction. Iyo yakavanzika Council yakatsigira sarudzo, uye madhiri akatumira tsamba ine rondedzero ye "mamiriro" - mamiriro ezvinhu anotadzisa auto auto exprasic anofarira iyo yakavanzika kanzuru.
Anna akasaina gwaro muMitaive Ndira 25 (pasi pehunyanzvi.), Zvinosungirwa kuti utarisire kuparadzirwa kweRussia, kwete kuita zviito zvikuru zvemutemo pasina mvumo yedare rakavanzika, Kwete kuti uchinje iyo mutero, kwete kugovera anogamuchira kungwara kwake. Musi waFebruary 15, Anna Johnnna akasvika muMoscow, pakanga pane vhiki ratevera, mauto uye akakwirira nyika vanoremekedzwa vakapika.
Asi panaFebruary 25, vaFebruces vekanzuru yekanzuru - Andrei Osterman, Gabriel Golovkin, Archkovich Feofan (Prokovich Feofan), Peter Yaguzhsky, Ivan Trubetskoir, Ivan Trubetskoy - Yakatarisana neTsarice Chikumbiro Pamusoro pekudzorerwa kwesimba. Anna ioannovna, mushure mekunzwa chikumbiro ichi, akaparadza "mamiriro" matatu, uye mumazuva matatu oipakati hurumende yehurumende yehurumende yakaitika, uye pakupera kwaApril - muchato weAnna kuAnna kuenda kuHumambo. Dare rakavanzika rakabviswa dzichitsigirwa neSenate Rinodzora.
Zvematongerwo enyika Zvematongerwo enyika
Munguva yekutonga kwaAnna, iyo yakanyorwa - Chancellor Andrei Osst Johann Bihann, uyo akagamuchira nyasha yekutamba kubva kuAnna achiri panguva yekudyara muKurland, vaiita zvematongerwo enyika uye vezvemhuri. Hondo yakatungamirwa neFldmarshal yeiyo German Bazi Christopher Mini. Anna haana kufarira kusununguka kweRussia, achisarudza kuzvikomberedza nevatorwa. Nguva yekutonga kwaAnna ioannovna vakadzidza panguva inodaidzwa kuti "bi-level", sezvo iyo yaunofarira emashirita yakanga isingaverengeki mikana isingaenzaniswi.
Kubva 1730, hupfumi hwakatanga kusunungurwa kwemari nemufananidzo wetsitsi nyowani. Muna 1731, chimiro chekutonga chakagadzirwa - iyo kabati yevashumiri, pamwe nemaangano mitsva mitsva - izmalovsky uye nemuyedzo, zvakashongedzerwa nevatorwa nevarwi kubva kumaodzanyemba matunhu. Mugore rimwe chetero, iyo Landloggy Cadet kesi yakaonekwa pakudzidziswa kwemukuru wezvakaipa, muhoro wepamoyo wakawedzera gore gare gare. Chikoro chakavhurwa kugadzirira machinda uye seminarizhinji akawanda, kusanganisira kuaccount. Kusimbiswa kweOrthodoxy kwakakonzera kuiswa kweMutemo pamubhadharo werufu kwekumhura.
Muhafu yechipiri ye1930s, Salfdom yakazotevera pamutemo, vashandi vefekitori vakaziviswa zvinhu zvevaridzi vemabhizimisi. Mushure mekutanga kwekusimbisa matanho, pakanga paine kuwedzera kweindasitiri, uye Russia munguva pfupi yakatanga kutanga munyika kuti isunungurwe rutivi rwesimbi. Vatori vechikamu mukukanganisika kwekutanga zvinodiwa kuti usimbiswe uye vakatapwa kune majeri kana ma link. Nezvemaguta, pakati pevashumiri, kurangana kunorwa naAnna John, uyo akaziviswa, uye vatori vechikamu - mutungamiriri weArtemy yeRelemkin, Admiralty Office Advischev - Akaurayiwa.
Anna ioannevna pachayo haina kusiyanisa netarenda rekutarisira kwenyika. Tsaritsai akapedza nguva yakawanda yekare, kusikwa kwemasquera, mabhora uye kuvhima. PaChivanze cheMurambisi chakave nemanenge zana emadharo uye hofori, jesters uye majee. Munhoroondo yenguva iyoyo, muchato unosemesa wakanyorwa, kuchivanze chevaMambokadzi pakati pomuchinda, Mikhail Golitsyn-kolitsnik uye noriv of kalmykia, avadzwapa bujienin. Anna ioannovna yakafanofamba neAtatrical Art. Munguva yebhodhi rayo, iyo fashoni yeiyo Opera yeItaly yakatanga kuRussia, iyo yemitambo yakavakwa zvigaro zana, chikoro chekutanga chakavhurwa.
Kunze kwenyika
A. Osterman akaitwa zviitiko zvebumbiro rekunze, iro muna 1726 rakatowana chibvumirano cheRagare neAustria. Nekuda kwekukunda kweRussia muhondo yemauto neFrance nhaka yePolish, muna 1934 Mambo August III akavhoterwa muWarsaw Tog. Hondo yemakore mana neTurkey yakapera muna 1739 pamamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka kuRussia akasainwa muBelgrade.Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 1710, Anna akaroora mutungamiriri weKurlyandilia Friedrich Wilhelm. Mukukudza kwemuchato, Peter ndakaronga mhemberero inogara kupfuura mwedzi miviri. Munguva yemapendero ekuziva chikafu newaini. Ndisati ndamboenda kumba, iyo Zake Zaren, asi haina kupa izvo zvinokosha zvekutya. Kusiya vashandi, Wilhelm akafa pazuva rekutanga rerwendo. Pasina mukana wekudzokera kuNative, Anna Johnna akamanikidzwa kugara muKurland.
Varindi vaivenga kuchirikadzi yechidiki, uye shamwari yoga, uye ipapo waunofarira weDuchess akazova mugari weRussia wePeter Mikhalovich Besuzh-Ryumin. Muna 1926, Anna akagadzirira kuroora moritz Saxon Alexander Menshikov, akazvironga kuti ave mutungamiriri weKurlenia.
Muna 1727, muchinda akabviswa kuRussia, uye Ernst Johann Bihann akazove idzva raunofarira Ana. Iyo inofungidzirwa kuti Empress yemberi yeRussia yakazvara kubva kuBhoroni yeMwanakomana. Anna ioannova akatora vaaifarira gare gare kuRussia uye akagadzira con-gwara.
Rufu
Empress Anna ioannovna akafa musi waGumiguru 17 (pasi pehunyanzvi.) 1740 muStrersburg. Chikonzero chekufa kwaRudzi rwaMambokadzi chaive chirwere chevarwi. Tsaritsa guva iri munaPeter naPaul kathedhi. MuTestamente, iyo Preestroll Lease, Empress akataura nezvevazukuru veanista hanzvadzi yake Catherine Mecklenburg.Ndangariro
Zviitiko zveXVIII centurman century inomushanyira kwete chete kune vanyori venhoroondo, asiwo vaine cinemathapathaphra. Kwete kamwe, iyo biography yeMampress Ana yakava hwaro hwechirongwa chenhoroondo chezvakaitika kare kana mafirimu. Muma 80s, mumafirimu "mumafirimu", "demidov" Basa reAnna John Morykov's Actress
Mukutenderera kwakawanda-yakawanda "zvakavanzika zveimba yekuzadzika. Russia, iyo Xviii zana, "iyo yakaenda kuchinhu ichi mukutanga kwa2000, Nina Ruslanov, Tsaritsu Anna, uye muna 2008, Inna Churikova yakaitwa.