Biography
Mumiriri anopenya wehunyanzvi hwegumi nemazana emakore, mazana emakore, mikhal vrubel, aive nechivimbo chakasikwa chakafanana neye mashiripiti Crunti kugehena. Pasina kutyora mafungu anowanzogamuchirwa ezvibodzwa, Musiki anoziva kupinza kumeso kwepasi kuve nesimba rake rose rekufambidzana, achidzora chinhu chemufananidzo uye anomumiririra kuDare revadi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mikhail AlexandRovich vrubel akazvarwa munaKurume 5, 1856, iri pane zvekubatanidza kweIrtysh nzizi neOmsk guta Omsk. Attist baba Alexander Mikhailovich - Munguva yakapfuura, mukuru wehondo, nhengo yehondo yerotela uye kurwa muCaucasus, gweta rehondo. Anna Grigorievna amai vaArigorievna - hama yeiyo munyaradzi yepakati-yakabereka vana 4 uye vakafa apo Michael paakanga asvika makore matatu. Makore maviri gare gare, baba vake vakaroora pianist yechipiri Erizabheti yechiKristu. Nekuda kwemweya uyu une mutsa, mukadzi anoda uye kunzwisisa kwemimhanzi kwakaramba kuri mumhizha kwehupenyu.
Panyaya nezvakananga nezvebasa remusoro wemhuri, Vrubels aigara achibva kuguta kuenda kuguta. Muna 1865, mhuri iyi yakatamira kuDunhu reViga Dunhu, uko Lieutenant Colonel Vrubel akabvuma kuraira kweGarrison yemutunhu. Yakanga iri muSaritov, Michael akaona kopi yezvekutengesa zvinhu zveItaly svutugadzike uye muimbi Michelangelo "Scalar
Kujairira kwemwanakomana wake wehunyanzvi kwakafadzwa naAlexander Mikhalovich, asi havana kuchinja chero hurongwa hwakanga hwapesana nemutope wemhuri. Zviitiko zvehunyanzvi hwaMikhal zvakafanorongerwa kubva pakuzvarwa kwake. Anogadzira mukomana ane zvipo haana kunzwa achifara netarisiro kuti rive gweta, asi Baba havana kushinga kuenda.
Muna 1874, vrubel yakapinda mudhara weMutemo weSt. Petersburg University. Iyo yekuchamhembe capital yakaitwa pamikwani hypnotic: iyo architectural museum, umo imba imwe neimwe, kuhukura kwese kwakabata nhoroondo yavo, kwakabata jaya rinoshanda. Aigara nehama pamusoro peimba gallery muimba ine 47, uye munharaunda, mumakore makumi mana nemashanu) kwehafu yezana, muporofita anoverengeka akamiswa neAlexander Sergeevich plankin.
Hupenyu hwakazvimirira kunze kwemhando uye kurambidzwa kwababa vakafuridzira Mikhail. Jaya racho rinogona, asingatyi kutsamwa kwakarurama kwemutungamiriri wemhuri, achifamba00 nevamwe vaaidzidza navo neshamwari, tichikurukura nezve musoro wemimhanzi yechokwadi. Mumakore emudzidzi, vrubel vakajairana nemunyori vakaderera petrovich mussorgsky. Uyu artist ane hunyanzvi hwakazadzwa nepfungwa dzake, zvinotendwa uye kuumbwa kusvika kumagumo emweya wemweya waMikhail kusvika kumagumo. Pasi pekufungidzira nezvekuti mwero wakatyora piano, kugutsa "Flea" neanoronga, Mikhail visimo akavaratidza mifananidzo yeMephistoli, iyo mune ramangwana racho muimbi akatambura kuCanvas.
Munguva imwe chete iyoyo, Vrubel aiziva nezve chokwadi chekuti makore akakosha kwazvo muhunyanzvi, anomhanya chirwere kwaari mutorwa. Hushumiro segweta rehondo rine tarisiro yese yebasa raive rakapihwa kubva pakuziva kwemukadzi mudiki-akanzwa mudiki ane rudo rusingaperi rwekupenda. Iye mukomana wePavlo Petrovich Chistyakova akatanga kushanyira hurukuro dzePavel Petrajakov mune yake yemunguva yemberi. Muna Ndira 1880, Mikhail akapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti, uye mukudonha kwakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo muacdemy yehunyanzvi.
Chisarudzo cheMwanakomana, chakanyadzisa tsika yemhuri uye vakasarudza nzira yehupenyu hwake, vakapinda Alexander Mikhalovich mukushamisika. Hukama pakati pehama zvisingadzivisike.
Muna 1882, Mikhail akaodzwa mwoyo munzira yekudzidzisa maitiro ekudzidzisa, uye kubva pane zvinofungwa kuti vadzidzisi vanodzidzisa nevadzidzi vevadzidzi vemitambi akaoma uye schematics yemusango, hapana trace yakasara. Sezvo ava murayiridzi Vrubel, Pavel Petrovich akavhura vatsva mumudzidzi, ivo havana kuzviratidza. Basa rakanyorwa nevrubel panguva yekudzidziswa, vakawana chimiro chezvidzidzo zvezvidzidzo uye nhasi zvinochengetwa muzvinyorwa zvekudzidza.
Kupenda
Kukunda kwekutanga kwemudzidzi anoshanda nesimba kwaive kuwana menduru sirivheri yekudhirowa kwedzidzo "kuita kwaJoseph naJoseph". Kuvhenekwa kwechibayiro kwakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuwana gradation yakanakisa mukuendeswa kwechiedza nemumvuri, nekudaro kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu ane moyo murefu, ayo vanhu vakaratidzwa pane iyo canvase. Chiratidzo chemusiyano chakapihwawo basa racho rakanzi "kupa vaRoma", pane vadiki vacho vanoratidzwa, vachiseka pamusoro peChechi patrioriki.
Mukudonha kwa 1883, purofesa prakhov pane kurudziro yeChistikov Od Vrubel kuKiev kuti vashande pakudzoreredzwa kweChechi yeCheya yeXIILE century. Muguta, korona korona nemisoro yematembere ekare, uye hupenyu hwakazvimiririra hweMikhail akatanga. MunaNovember 1884, Adrian Viktorovich akatumira hunyanzvi hwakaringana kuVenice. Runako rweguta rerudo kwazvo rweItari harina kuburitsa zvimiro paMikhal. Vrubel akapedza nguva yakawanda muCathedrals nemumuseum, vachitora ruzivo rwevatungamiriri vakuru veRenaissance.
Mushure mekupedza venice kwehafu yegore, muna Kubvumbi 1885, vrubel vakadzokera kuKiev uye pasi pekufungidzira kwerwendo rwakagadzirwa manhamba mana: "St. Kirill, "mai vaMwari nemwana", "St. Athanasius "uye" Kristu Muponesi. " Mikhail akabatanidza pamwe chete neascetic ekuzvidzora neakanyanya kuburitsa mifananidzo yevaongorori ndokuzadza mhando dzevapanduki gumi nevaviri vavafananidza pamusoro pavo muArch, nyama neropa. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti ivo vanhu vevatsvene vabati vakanyora kubva mundangariro kubva kune vaaizivana navo. Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekudzoreredza, kuwedzera kune "mweya mutsvene wemweya mutsvene pavaapositori", muuraye "waIshe muJerusarema" uye "kuchema" kwakasiyaniswa.
Chero chipi zvacho chakakosha uye chakazadzwa pamweya nebasa muChechi yeKirillollovsky, Mikhail yaive pedyo zvakanyanya mukati memabasa emabasa akanyorwa. Tsinomwe yake uye neChido rwekurwadziwa zvakabvunza kubuda kweiyo yakaunganidzwa yerudzi rwevara. Muna 1886, mwenje wakaona mufananidzo kubva kune zvakasikwa "Musikana ari kumashure kwekapeti yePersia" uye mufananidzo "Eastern Fairy Tale". Mabasa akafemerwa hupenyu, achiratidza kupindwa muropa kweVrubel kune zvisina musoro manhamba emuvara uye kudhirowa zvikamu.
Muna 1887, Prakhov anokwezva vrubel kune iyo pendi yeVladimir Cathedral. Mikhail AlexandRovich yakagadzirwa kanokwana matanhatu sarudzo dze "tombstone" (ina). Urongwa uhwu husipo muevhangeri uye hausi hunhu hweOrthodox icon pendi, asi inowanikwa muhunyanzvi hwerudzi rweItaly. Zvinokosha kuti basa rakazvimiririra raVrubel, maakatanga kuzarura mufananidzo wedhimoni, akarambwa. Uyezve, icon-yakarongedzwa Jesters yakakonzera kushamisika kweAdrian Votrovich, uye muna 1889 akabvisa muimbi kubva kubasa.
Asina kugamuchirwa nevashandi vechechi, Mikhail ane rombo rakanaka kuMoscow. Mufananidzo "dhimoni rakagara", iro rinoratidza ngirozi yakadonha nemweya yemunhu yakakuvadzwa, yakava chiratidzo chenguva inotevera. Iri basa, Mikhail AlexandRovich rakaparadza nzira ine mwero yakaomeswa nechando mukuchengetwa kwekuchengetedza, kuve chinhu chekurwiswa uye kurwiswa.
Mune iyo nguva yeMoscow, vrubel inonyora mifananidzo s.i.i.i. Mammont uye K.D. Artsybushiv, inogadzira makorokoto ekushongedza "Venice" uye "mwanasikana weGleza", "Tamara neDhimoni", "musoro wemuporofita", "dhimoni remugodhi" , "Zuva raTamara neDhimoni").
Kutora chikamu kweVRUBL mumabasa ekuratidzira e "nyika yehunyanzvi" uye huwandu hwenyika dzenyika dzinosvika kuEuropean mukurumbira kune muimbi. Pakati peanenge achinyorova, pendi "Tsarevna-Swan", rinoratidzira Pushkin Heroine, pamwe ne "Pearl", "Palomimima", "PANANLEARD LEAGHIM", "PAN" uye "Gadalka ". Basa rekupedzisira raTenzi raive mufananidzo wetemberi-chiratidzo valery Brrysov, iyo, nekuda kwechirwere chinofambira mberi, Musiki haana kuzombopedzwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Chido chekutanga chakakomba cheVruberi aive mukadzi waPraheva Emilia Lvovna. Sekureva kwaBioghers, icho chiso chake kuti airatidzwa pamusoro pakanyorwa mushure mekudzoka kubva kuVenice icon "mukadzi wedu aine mwana". Iko kushingaira kwehutsinye kune mumwe wake wehutachiona kwaMikhal kwakakwanisa kukunda.
Inotevera kuunganidza kufarira kwakakura mumuchato. Kubva pane yekutanga uye yevashandi yemukadzi chete yeiyo ivanovna musoro weiyo muimbi, ndakasvitsa shamwari yeMoscow Savva Mamonv. Panguva yekufambidzana nhandare yaaiziva chete denderedzwa revaVanoda vependi, uye tariro yakanga yatove chiratidzo chekurusa kweRussia. The muimbi inzwi rake uye runako akafuridzira Vrubel kunyora mufananidzo "Genel uye Gretel", iye anofananidzwa tariro neshamwari yake Tatyana Lyubatovich pairi.
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti chibvumirano chaChibvumirano chakagumiswa pakati pemuimbi uye tenzi, izvo zvakanzi kana basa racho rikabudirira, Nadia pasina mazamu aigona kuroora mikhail. Basa racho raigoneka. Mhemberero yemuchato yakaitika kuGeneva. Mukadzi Vrubel akanamatwa chaiko. Imba yacho yaiita kwaari mhedziso yemakore mazhinji ekudzungaira mukuzvitsvaga. Kuwedzera kumweya wakavambwa, Musiki wacho akawana chivimbo mune ramangwana. MunaSeptember 1901, Mikhail neTariro akazvarwa zvishoma Savava, asi mufaro uyu wakafukidzwa nekudyidzana kwemukomana - mugove mutsvene.
Vrubel akaona "ropa rakapfigirwa" uye "vanouraya hutsinye" uye panguva iyoyo akafunga nekupararira. Iyi mamiriro emweya akazvidzokorora kubva kune ese magadzirirwo ekugadzira uye akadzokera kumufananidzo wedhimoni. Mwedzi miviri mushure mekuzvarwa kweMwanakomana, akatanga mufananidzo "dhimoni runokundwa". Shanda paIkakatora gore, kukanganisika kwenguva pfupi kudzidzisa kusindimara kuvadzidzi veStroggsky Chikoro. Asi kwenguva yakareba kuti ubve mu "dhimoni" vrubel yakundikana.
Mufananidzo waakanyora seanodaidzwa, dzimwe nguva na 20 mangwanani, uchitsigira. Akachinja dhimoni redhimoni, kunyangwe pikicha yave kutoita "nyika yeunyanzvi". Dhigirii rakasiyana-siyana raakatora kumafudzi ake akaparadza iyo yatove isina kugadzikana kwepfungwa yekuenzana kweiyo muimbi. Iyo pendi yakapinda munzvimbo yakaoma inoshungurudza mamiriro. Akazviona semhosva yakakodzera yekurangwa kuti azvibvumire kunyora zvese zviri zviviri Kristu nedhimoni.
Rufu
Muna Kubvumbi 1902, vrubel akaisa mukiriniki yemoscow. Vanachiremba vakaonekwa neVatenzi chirwere chisingapiwi chepfungwa. Muna Kurume 1903, kuregererwa kwakaitika, uye muimbi akadhindwa, zvisinei, sezvazvakazoita zvishoma. Maronda rimwe chete, mwanakomana waVruberi akafa, uye munaGunyana, Mikhail akawira mukiriniki. Mavhiki anotyisa ekukanganikwa uye kusaverengeka kwakatsiviwa newavero yekudzikisira - uye akabva apenda, zvisinei, pakukumbira kwevanachiremba chete kubva kune zvakasikwa, hapana ngano.
Hazvirapiki, mumakore apfuura, chirwere chinofambira mberi muna 1906 chakakonzera kurasikirwa kwemuti wekuona. Kwemakore mana apfuura, Mikhail AlexandRovich muchitima muThe Petersburg Chipatara Kune Kurwara nepfungwa.
Muimbi munyama akatambura nenyaya yekuti aisazova nemukana wekufungisisa hupenyu, kufamba kwezvaakanga asati ave nemukana wekutora brashi yake. Vruber haana kuedza kuzviuraya, asi, akamira mumazuva echando ari pasi pewindo rakavhurika, akaunza nemaune magumo asingadzivisiki. Mikhail AlexandRovich akafa akafa kwekuzvimba kwemapapu musi waApril 1, 1910. Kutaura kunosimbisa pamariro, kwakabatwa kuNovderevichy Cemetery, vakati Alexander Blok, vachidana muimbi "bulletin yevamwe nyika."
Muna 1913, pedyo nevrub, ndakavigwa tariro yetariro Ivanovna kwemakore matatu.
Shanda
- "Hamlet naOfelia";
- "Tombstone";
- "Kubhururuka kweanomira uye mephistofel";
- "Primaver";
- "Mimvuri waLagun";
- Matanhatu-ane mavara matanhatu;
- "Venice";
- "Lilac";
- "PAN";
- "Dhimoni rakagara";
- "Pearl";
- "Bogatyr";
- "Snow Maiden".