Biography
Prince Novgorod uye Kievsky Svyatoslav Igorevich neiyo Russian State kubva 944 kusvika pamakore makumi masere nemasere kusvika 972. Mutongi anozivikanwa nemagamu ayo ehondo uye kukunda, hondo kurwisa iyo Bulgaria State uye Byzantium.
Mwanakomana woga wemuchinda Igori nemuchinda Olga akava Svyatoslav. Zuva chairo rekuzvarwa kwemutongi wenguva yemberi haasati azivikanwa. Sekureva kweiyo ipatieval rondedzero, svyatoslav igorevich yakazvarwa muna 942 (mune mamwe masosi mazana mapfumbamwe nemashanu emakore). Chiitiko chechiitiko hachipo muLaventiev rondedzero. Izvi zvinokonzeresa zvakawanda nyaya munzvimbo dzenyeredzi dzezvinyorwa, nekuti ruzivo rwunopokana. Mune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, 920 yakaziviswa, asi vanyori vavambo vanoona kugadzirwa uku, uye kwete kwechokwadi.
Kurerwa kweMwanakomana muchinda kwakapihwa kumawere eVellag Asmud, uyo akatarisa pane zvakakosha hunyanzvi. Wechidiki wechidiki akagamuchira ruzivo rwakasvika mune zvekunyepedzera mushandirapamwe wechiuto: hunyanzvi hwekurwisa, manejimendi, kutenderera, kushambira, masking mask. Kune dzimbahwe, mumwezve murayiridzi akapindurwa - voivod sveneldld. Iyo yekutanga data pane svyatoslav, kuti uone kuti ndeipi muchibvumirano cheRussia-byzantine ye Prince Igor, yakatanga kuoneka muna 944. Kwapera gore, muchinda anofa.
Rufu rwemubati rwakaita kuti zvigutse nemafambisirwo ekuchaja dani rakawandisa. Sezvo svyatoslav igorevich ichiri mwana, brazuds yebhodhi iri kufamba akananga kuna amai - princess olga. Gore rakatarwa nemhondi yemurume wake, Olga anoenda kunyika yeDrevlyan. Sezvazvinofanira kutungamirirwa nemusoro wenyika, Syyatoslav ane makore mana anotanga kurwa pamwe chete neboka raBaba vake. Mutongi mudiki akakunda muhondo. Muchinda wacho akateerera kuRazly. Saka kuti njodzi dzakadai dzisitike mune ramangwana, retent iri kuita hurumende itsva yehurumende.
MuBorazoni zvinotaurwa kuti mukunyara mucheche Svyatoslav Igorevich haana kupatsanurwa naamai vake uye aigara achigara muKiev. Masayendisiti akawana humbowo hwekusatendeka kwemutongo uyu. Byzantine Emperor Konstantin Bagryanooroe akataura zvinotevera:
"Monoxilles anouya achibva kuRussia Earstantinople ndedzimwe yenyunivhesiti, iyo Sperendoslav yakanga yakagara, mwanakomana waGirora, Schontasi Rosira."Vanotsvagurudza vanotenda kuti svyatoslav akatamira kuNovgorodhi pachikumbiro chaBaba. Yakanga iri mumacery inotaura nezve kushanyira Olga kuenda kuConstantinople. Panguva imwecheteyo, ramangwana rePrince rinoti, Pasina kufona zita rekuti svyatoslav igorevich.
Kutanga kwebhodhi
Mu "ngano yemakore ekutaurwa" zvinonzi Svyatoslav Igorevich Mushandirapamwe Wokutanga waitika muna 964. Chinangwa chikuru cheMutongi chaive chibvumirano chekurova paKhazar Kaganat. Muchinda haana kukanganiswa naVyatichi, akasangana nenzira. Kurwiswa paKhazari kwakawa gore rakatevera - muna 965. Muzviyo, zvinotaurwa zvinotaurwa:
"Muchirimo 6473 (965), svyatoslav akaenda kuKhazar. Nenhung, iyo Kahazi yakauya kuzosangana naye nomuchinda wake Kagan uye inovhiringidzika, uye akakunda Svina Vachavira pakurwa, uye nevarume nevachena vakatora. Won Yasov icasovov. "Sezvineiwo, iyo yeristorary yeSVyatoslav inopa zviitiko mune imwe kiyi. Ibn-Hukul akapokana kuti muchinda aibata neKhazari akazotsanangurwa mumazisisi.
Runyorwa rwakayeuka zvimwe zviitiko zvinoitwa nehondo dzeVigga Bulgaria, asi hapana ruzivo rwakadai mune zvepamutemo zvinyorwa. Izvi ndizvo izvo Ibn Haukal akati:
"Bulgar - Guta idiki, hapana matunhu akawanda mazviri, uye aizivikanwa kuti aive chiteshi chenyaya dzakataurwa pamusoro, uye kuRuka kwakaparadzwa uye kusvika paKhazarani, Samandar uye Itiri mugore makumi matatu nemashanu (968/969) uye yakafamba ichangobva kuenda kuNyika Rum uye Anyolus ... uye Al-Khazar - Samadar, uye ari pakati pake naBab al-abviab. Uye pakanga paine minda yakawanda kwazvo mairi ... Asi ivo vakauya ipapo, uye havana kusiiwa muguta roum mazambiringa, kana makumbo.Muna 965, svyatoslav igorevich inosvika muSarkel on Don. Hondo dzinoverengeka dzinodiwa kuti dzikunde guta rino. Asi mutongi akapemberera asina kupemberera, nekuti Chiwile chakaonekwa munzira - guta guru reKhazar Kaganat. Mukundi akawana imwe kugadziriswa - SEMECOME. Iri guta rine mbiri rinowanikwa pamabhangi egungwa reCaspian.
Khazar Kaganat akawira pasi norvyatoslav, asi izvi zvainge zvisina kukwana kumubati. Muchinda akaedza kukunda uye kusanganisa nyika idzi shure kwake. Nenguva isipi Sarkel yakatumidzwa zita renhema. Maererano nemamwe mishumo, mumakore imwe cheteyo, Kiev akagamuchira Tmutarakan. Zvinotendwa kuti simba raive rakatemwa kusvika kutanga kwe980.
Zvematongerwo enyika Zvematongerwo enyika
Iyo yemukati mutemo weSVYATOV IGOREVIV yaive inoshanda. Pamberi pake, mutongi akagadza chinangwa - achisimbisa zviremera nekukwezva madhiri ehondo. Bumbiro racho harina kukwezva muchinda wechidiki, saka pakanga pasina shanduko dzakakosha mumamiriro emukati medunhu pamusoro pemakore ebhodhi re svyatoslav.
Kunyangwe kusafarira zviitiko zvemukati zveRussia, svyatoslav igorevich yakaunza dzimwe shanduko. Kunyanya, iyo yakaumba iyo itsva taxica yekuunganidza system uye kutumira. Mune zvikamu zvakasiyana zveiyo yekare Russian State, nzvimbo dzakakosha dzakarongeka - mamakisi. Pano vakaunganidza mari kubva kuvageri. Svyatoslav Igorevich akakwanisa kukunda Vyatichi, avo vanomukira mutongi. Munguva yemushandirapamwe, muchinda akatsamwa nevanhu vabrown. Nekuda kweizvi, pfuma yakatanga kuzadza zvakare. Pasinei nebasa racho munzira ino, muchinda olga akatora ruzhinji rwekunetseka.
Uchenjeri hwomunyori mukuru unozviratidza mushure mekuzvarwa kwevanakomana. Svyatoslav igorevich yaive yakakodzera kuisa pazvigaro zvoushe mumaguta akasiyana evakavimbika uye vakazvipira. MuKiev, iyo mitemo yaropolk, muNovgorod - Vladimir, Oleg yakava Muchinda weDREVlySky.
Kunze kwenyika
Yokumwe mutemo yave ichishuvira muchinda wechidiki. Nezvenhoroondo yake hondo huru, neushe hweBulgaria uye Byzantium. Shanduro dzakawanda munhoroondo dzine izvi zvakakosha zviitiko zveRussia. Vanyori venhau dzakaitika vakamira pakusiyana-siyana mukurwisa Humambo hweBulgaria. Mafungiro ekutanga ndechekuti zvese zvakatanga nekunetsana pakati peByzantia neHumambo hweBulgaria. Panyaya iyi, mambo weByzantine akashandisa kubatsirwa kuSvyatoslav Igorevich. Aive varwi vake vaifanira kurwisa Bulgaria.
Maonero echipiri arikunyepa mune chokwadi chekuti Byzantium akadzima kudzima muchinda weKiev, sezvo mutongi akakwanisa kukunda nyika yavo. Uye muByzantine nyika pakanga pasina rugare rwepfungwa: mumiriri akauya kuSyvyatoslav akafunga kuronga kuronga mambo wake. Akatonga muchinda weRussia, akamuvimbisa nyika dzeBulgaria uye pfuma kubva kuchivigiro cheByzandimu.
Iko kurwiswa kweBulgaria kwakaitika muna 968. Svyatoslav igorevich akakwanisa kukunda vapikisi uye kukunda iyo Pereyaslavl, iri pamuromo weDanube. Hukama neiyo Byzantine State yakatanga kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Mugore rimwe chetero, kupambwa kwemateko akaitwa kuKiev, saka muchinda aifanira kudzokera kuguta reRussia kuti adzokere kuguta guru. Muna 969, muchinda oLora akafa, chaive chichiita mutemo wemukati weHurumende. Izvi zvinosundidzira svyatoslav igorevich kukwezva vana kuenda kubhodhi. Muchinda aisada kugara muguta guru:
"Haisi chero munhu kugara muKireiyaslavs pane Danube - nekuti pakati penyika, zvese zvakaburitswa ipapo: Kubva pane imwe nyika yegoridhe, dzine mvura, michero mizhinji; Kubva kuCzech Republic uye kubva sirivheri nemabhiza; Kubva kuRussia neWax, uchi nevaranda.Pasinei nenyaya yekuti yaive hurumende yeByzantine yakaronga kupambwa pamusoro peBulgarians, iyo yekupedzisira yakatendeuka kuti ibatsirwe mukurwisa svyatoslav kwavari. Emperor akafunga kwenguva yakareba, maitiro ekuita, asi akafunga kusimbisa mamiriro ake nemuchato wedzinza. Pakupera kwa 969, Changamire anofa, uye John Zimiski akakwira chigaro. Haana kubvumira kuwana mwanakomana weBulgaria, nemhandara byzantine.
Achiziva kuti Byzantium haisisiri mubatsiri, zviremera zveHurumende State sarudza kugumisa chibvumirano neSVYATOV IGOREVIV. Pamwe chete vatongi vanoenda kuzorwa naZzantium. Zvemauto kusawirirana pakati penzvimbo uye nyika yeRussia yakawedzera. Zvishoma nezvishoma, mauto akakwira kunhare. Muna 970, kurwiswa kweByzantium kwaive kuri kuitika. Kudivi reSVyatoslav vaive bulgarians, vaHungarians uye pechenegs. Pasinei nezvakakomba zvakakomba muhuwandu hwechiuto, muhondo yose, muchinda Svyatoslav Igorevich yakapwanywa.
Kwapera gore, mauto akadzoreredza simba uye akatanga kutangazve kufambisa nyika yeByzantine. Zvino ndakamhanyira kuhondo yavakuru. Zvekare varwi veByzantium vakabudirira. Vakabata mambo weBulgaria akabata uye akaswedera pedyo neSvyatoslav. Mune imwe yehondo dzemuchinda dzakakuvadzwa. Mushure meizvozvo, mambo weByzantine uye Mutongi weRussia akagara pasi petafura yekutaurirana. Svyatoslav igorevich anosiya bulgaria, asi anodzoreredza hukama hwehukama ne byzantium. Iye zvino chikamu chekumabvazuva kweTalgaria State anoteerera Emperor. Nzvimbo dzekumadokero dzawana rusununguko.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nziyo dzehondo dzaive chinangwa chikuru cheSvyatoslav Igorevich. Hupenyu hwevanhu wega hwakabudirira. Mutongi akabereka vanakomana vatatu, Yaropolk, Oleg naVladimir. Pamapfudzi evanakomana vadiki pane kunetseka nechimiro chemukati cheHurumende, baba vacho vakakunda ndima itsva.
Muzvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvenguva iyoyo hapana ruzivo nezvemukadzi wake rwakabereka vanakomana vaviri vakuru. Izvo zvinozivikanwa nezvaamai Vladimir. Mukadzi haana kuroora muchinda, asi aive murongo.
Rufu uye ndangariro
Svyatoslav Igorevich's Biography yakaputswa munaKurume 972. Muchinda akatadza kugara pamuromo weDnier. Pamwe chete neuto, mutongi akaedza kuputira kuburikidza nekuvandira pecheche. Kwaive kukanganisa njodzi, sezvo vakaneta vakarara vakawa kubva pamaoko emaduku. Hama yakapwanywa Pechenegs ine svyatoslav:
"Akamurwisa kuputa, muchinda Pechenezhsky; Uye svyatoslav akaurayiwa, ndokugura musoro wake, ndokuita ndiro ye dehenya, achifamba padhuza, uye mushure mekumwa kubva mairi. "
Munguva yekutonga, muchinda akawedzera ndima yenyika, akagamuchira zita rekuti zita racho rakashinga. Svyatoslav inodaidzwa kuti nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare. Ndangariro dze svyatoslav igorevich ndichiri kurarama. Mufananidzo wemuchinda-warrior wakashandiswa mumabhuku emhizha, art. Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 20, yekutanga chifananidzo "svyatoslav munzira inoenda kuna Mambo Grad" yakaonekwa. Kuongorora kunowanikwa muKiev neUkraine matunhu.
Mufananidzo wezvinhu wakasarudzika unowanikwa paInternet. Vatenzi maererano nezvirevo zvevanyori vemuchinda vakagadzira mufananidzo: Murume wepamoyo urefu, smoky, nemaziso ebhuruu, maziso mazhinji, huwandu hwerufu, huwandu hwakasimba uye mazamu akasimba uye mazamu akasimba.