Biography
Nadezhda Sergeyevna Allyluva yakapinda nyaya saiye mukadzi waJoseph Stalin, chiratidzo muupenyu hwetsika uye hwezvematongerwo enyika hweSoviet Union yezana ramakore rekutanga rezana ramakore rechi20. Kuguma kwevakadzi, pamwe nekuguma kwevakawanda "vakadzi vakadzi," vakazozadzwa nezvose zvakanaka uye zvinoshamisa nguva. Kuve mumwe wemurume akatya uye vasati vaenda kune avo vakasiyana, iye, zvakadaro, hazvina kuitika kuratidza chimiro chake kune vanhu vezvematongerwo enyika, kudzivirira kwake maonero.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Muna 1901, mumhuri yeVastustAnary Sergei Yakovlevich uye Olga Allyluve, mudiki nadia akaberekwa. Chiitiko chakaitika muguta reAzerbaijani reBaku. Baba vakuru vemusikana aive muridzi weSoviet weSoviet weYenukidze. Nadezhda Sergevna akakurira nehama dzakura uye hanzvadzi Ana. Nationality yemukadzi wemangwana remukadzi weStalin mumamendi memoirs akataurira mwanasikana wake, achiona kuti baba vaAllyluve aive hafu yeGypsy, Amai - ChiGerman.
Tariro nevabereki vaigara muPetrograd. Haana kuvaka basa, akashanda mukupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka pazvinhu zveMhuri, iyo Symbol V. I. Lenin, Akabatsira Magazini "Shanduko uye Tsika" yepepanhau "yechokwadi". Mumakore makumi maviri, Allyluweva akasiyiwa kubva mubato, asi mazuva mana mushure mekuziviswa, musikana zvakare anozova mumiriri weRCP nhengo (B).
Pazera ramakore makumi maviri nemasere, Nadezhda Sergeyevna yakapinda muFaccauseus indasitiri yeChinyorwa, kwaakagamuchira dzidzo yepamusoro. Munguva yezvidzidzo zvake, ndakaziviswa nikita krushchev. Chiitiko chisina kufadza chakaitika kune vanokurumbira, semhedzisiro iyo misere masere allyluleva akasungwa. Musikana akaedza kubatsira shamwari dzake, nekudana musoro weOpu Henry Berry. Nehurombo, zvakange zvakanonoka - ma detaine akafa aine chirwere chinotapukira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 2014, iyo gwaro remafirimu "nadezhda allyluva. Pazasi pertex "kubva kuKremlin mukadzi kutenderera. Mufananidzo uyu wakarondedzera nhoroondo yenhoroondo isina kujairika yerudo rwemusoro wehurumende yeUSSR nevaduku vake. Mumhuri yeAllyluve akafamba-famba iyo Legend iyo Joseph Vissarionivich akaponesa nadia zvishoma kana musikana achitamba pamusoro pezuva rakawira mumvura. Yakanga iri muna 1903 muBaku.Uye mushure 14, Stalin, panguva iyoyo aikwanisa kuve chirikadzi (mukadzi wekutanga weKatherine akafa muna 1907 anobva kuThe 1907 kubva kuTeya) aigara mumba yeAllyluve muPetrograd, uko mhuri yeTariro yambotama. Kudzoka kubva kuSiberia link, Georgians ane makore 38 azvitsvaga shamwari, izvo zvaisazove zvakaderera pakunaka uye kukudzwa kwevakuru vemauto. Maererano nekuona zviono, Joseph Vissarivionvich akasarudza pakati peiyo yekare Ana neTariro yechidiki - pakupedzisira yakapa mafungiro ekupedzisira.
Kubudirira muvakadzi, Static uye kuvimba mukati mavo, shamwari yababa vake nekukurumidza inonakidza mukadzi wemangwana. Rudzi rwakadaro rwakasvika pakutengesa hunhu Sergey Yakovlev, semukuru wemwanasikana wake waiva nemakore makumi maviri nemasere. Mhuri inozivikanwa yeAllyluve yakayeuka: "Kamwe Sergey Yakovlevich (baba vetariro) vakabvumiranwa zvakanyanya, vakataura kuti iye (Stalin) vakatora Nadia ... (kumberi) ...".
Kwapera gore, vadikani vakasanganiswa nemuchato. Sezvineiwo, mumagwaro epamutemo ezuva rekubatanidza mubatanidzwa unomira musi waKurume 24 ,19, nepo vakararama panguva iyoyo vachiti kupemberera kwakaitika muna 1918. Tariro panguva iyoyo yakanga isati yatove mukuru. Haana kuronga kutora zita remurume wake, saka pakazonzi pamazuva aakanzi Alleva.
Rudo uye manzwiro akasimba aive aripo mumuchato wemutungamiriri uye mudiki wake akasarudzwa. Izvi zvakasimbiswa nevaroora pamwe nevakararama panguva iyoyo. Asi pakanga paine rumwe rutivi rwehupenyu hwepedyo - kukanganiswa kwevanhu vakasimba uye vakapenya, izvo zvaiwanzoita kuti aite kuti ainzwe. Mujaya hwake, Nadezhda aisada kugara pamba uye kumisikidza hupenyu hwemhuri, achityaira Iosifa aida mumhuri yekunyarara uye akadzikama.
Mudiki Nadia haana kunyatsoita makona akapinza nekuda kwekushaikwa kwechiitiko uye huchenjeri hwezuva nezuva. Vakaroorana vakaziva vakaudzwa kuti pane imwe nguva Joseph akamira kutaura nemukadzi wake, asingatsanangure zvikonzero. Tariro haina kukwanisa kunzwisisa kuti chii chakatadza. Gare gare zvakaitika kuti stalin haina kufarirwa nekukwezva "iwe". Sekureva kwemusoro wenyika, vakaroora vanofanira kufonera mumwe nemumwe pa "iwe".
Muna 1921, dangwe rakazvarwa mumhuri - Mwanakomana waVasiiri weStalin. Gare gare, kutarisirwa kwetariro kwakazova artem sergeev - mwana wemushwi wekushambadzira. Hama dzaJoseph Visarionich dzakakonzerwa neku kurerwa kwababa vemukuru wedangwe Yakov Jughashvili. Saka, mukadzi wechidiki usiku akava "amai vakuru."
Stalin aifarira kushandisa nguva kumba, kure nebasa, asi panguva imwe chete iyoyo basa raBaba nemurume wake zvaisabereka. Wezvematongerwo enyika aisaziva nzira yekuita pamwe nevanakomana, kusungirirwa kunoenderana nemukadzi wake kwakava zvakajairwa. Tariro haina kupa mutungamiri wechikonzero ches godo, iyo yaisakwanisa kutaurwa nezvezvematongerwo enyika.
Muna 1926, mukadzi akauya nemukadzi wake Svetlana Alliluyev. Musikana uyu akava Otchay kuna Baba. Stalin vakamutendera kuti zvese, zvakasiyana vana vakuru. Iyo nyaya yakachengeta mufananidzo wemutungamiri nemutungamiriri wake waaida. Sezvineiwo, mune yepamutemo biography ye allyluve iripo ruzivo nezvegumi kubvisa nhumbu. Iyo yakakodzera data nyanzvi inowanikwa mune kadhi rekurapa yetariro.
Rufu
Sekureva kwavakaona, nekutanga kwe 30s, hukama pakati pevakaroora hwakatanga kushata. Stalin akazvibata nemukadzi wake zvine hutsinye, akazvitendera kuti arege kuenda kukero yehuku ye bhuru uye isingagamuchiriki epitheets. Mubhuku raMemoirov Svetlana Alliuleva "Tsamba dzinosvika makumi maviri" dzakacherechedzwa kuti amai vake vakarangwa nekuzvidzora kwemukati, uye chero kusawirirana uye kushatirwa kwakadhakwa mukati. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zviitiko zvekunamata kubva ku "udzvinyiriri" hwemurume "hunofanirwa kunge hwambovepo, mukupedzisira, zvinopedza kuputika; Chitubu chaive chakananga kune simba rinotyisa ... ".
Panguva ino yasvika munaNovember 7, 1932, apo vakaroora vakasvika kuzoshanyira Voroshilov. Gare gare, mukadzi waBukharin akapokana kuti madekwana uyu akatendeukira pakufema kwake naAllyluve, akakanda crust yake kubva kuorenji uye fodya, saka tariro yakasiya mhemberero kutanga. Mukunda weTariro akanyora mundangariro uye nezveimwe nguva yemhemberero, apo Joseph Visarionvich kune vasanangurwa vachiti: "Hei, iwe, unwe!". Mukadzi waStalin akapindura rukudzo: "Ini handisi!". "
Mushure memakakatanwa, Nadezhda akaenda kuimba yekurara kremlin. Pano, mukadzi wechidiki akaunza asacos ane hupenyu - akapfurwa kubva kuWalter Pistol. Mapfuro emukadzi akagadzirwa muchipfuva chaasina kusiya tariro yekuponeswa. Stalin yakadzikwa nerufu rwemukadzi wake. Mutungamiri aigara achibvunza mubvunzo mumwechete "Nei?".
Joseph Visarionvich aisakwanisa kunzwisisa, nekuda kwezvakaitwa nemurume womudiwa nenzira iyi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti tariro yakasiiwa note yekuzviuraya ichitsanangura chikonzero chekuzviuraya. Pepa rakanyorwa neruoko rwakajaira, rwakaparadzwa mushure mekuverenga. Maererano nerumwe ruzivo, mudzimai wemutungamiriri akaudza mutsamba iyi kuti aisakwanisa kutaridzika somurume wacho anofarirwa anokanda pasi, nekudaro achishandira mhuri uye pati.
Vamwe vaitenda kuti aive netariro yekuzviuraya, matambudziko ehutano akasundidzirwa. Kazhinji mhuri yemhuri yaibata kurapwa kuGermany. Nemhaka yemapfupa asina kunaka anopikisana, Allilieva anotambudza musoro akasimba, izvo dzimwe nguva zvaigona kusarongeka. Asi hama dzinopora. Mukufunga kwavo, migraines dzimwe nguva dzimwe nguva yakamuka mumudzimai weStalin, asi chirwere ichi chaive chisina kujairika.
Pakanga paine runyerekupe rwakawanda rwakatenderedza rufu rwe "wekutanga mukadzi we kremlin". Kune vanachiremba vakati wandei, mainioni mashoma anoshanda kusaina mhedziso, asi panguva imwe chete kwete kuratidza chaicho chikonzero cherufu. Vazhinji vevatungamiriri vanorenda vakanaka, kusanganisira Kremlin, akaramba kunyepa muzvinyorwa.
Mariro etariro yeSergeyevna Alilleva aenda kuburikidza neiyo Novderevichy Cemetery. Pamhemberero dzekutongwa, Stalin yaive iripo sekuviga, kunyangwe mune mamwe mimwe nzvimbo inopesana inotenderwa. Pane chiitiko cheizvozvo zvinoshungurudza mukadzi wepepanhau "echokwadi" akadhindisa necrologist yepamutemo, uye mutungamiriri pachake akagamuchira tsamba yakakosha - kuregerera pachako kubva kuBoris Partnak.
Gare gare, Joseph Vissarivioni kazhinji akashanyira guva revavakaroora. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nenyaya dzemutongi varindi. Mutungamiriri anogona kugara pabhenji padivi pechiitiko uye nyarara. Mukurangarira tariro yeiyo allylve muna 2006, iyo firimu "mudzimai Stalin" yakabviswa. Basa guru mune dzakateerana vakaita mutambi anozivikanwa weRirsia Olga Budina.