Biography
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio inyanzvi inozivikanwa yeItaly muimbi, munyori wezvechitendero pendi. Kazhinji mwejaja. Mabasa emunyori anoratidzwa mumarindo akanakisa epasi rose - Uffizi, Hermitage, Metropolitan Museum, Louvre, Prado.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mune imwe yemakona eItari, muimbi wenguva yemberi Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio akaberekerwa pasi peTorardy muna 1571. Vatsvagiri vakatadza kuona nzvimbo chaiyo uye zuva rekuzvarwa, uye zvinyorwa zvemashoko hazvina kuchengetedzwa. Zvichida Musiki akaberekerwa muMilan kana padyo naye - kuCaravaggio.
Michelangeo akava mwanakomana wedangwe mumhuri yevakadzi. Muimbi aive nehama nhatu uye hanzvadzi diki. Caravaggio akararama kwete zvisina kunaka, sezvo Baba vaive neakawanda muhoro uye dzidzo yekuvaka.
Makore mashanu mushure mekuzvarwa kweCaravaggio, denda redenda rakatanga kuMilan. Zvaive zvichiita kudzivirira hutachiona chete nerubatsiro rwekuenda kune rimwe guta. Asi hazvina kubatsira. Kwapera gore, mushure mekurwara kwenguva refu, musoro wemhuri unofa. Iyi nguva yeCaravaggio yakanga isiri nyore.
Mune biography yeiyo artist akawanda mavara machena. Data pamakore masere ehupenyu michelangelo mushure mekufa kwababa vaive Kanalu muBhurango. Zvinozivikanwa kuti jaya muna 1584 rakaenda kunodzidza Milancans Simone Peterano. Mushure mekupfuura iyo kosi iyi, Caravaggio aifanira kupa zita remuimbi, asi zvokwadi yepamutemo yeichi chokwadi haina kuchengetedzwa.
Muna 1592, caravaggio yakadana nemubvunzo mutsva - kurasikirwa kwaamai. Nhaka yakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zvakaenzana pakati pevana. Kutenda kune iyi mari, Michelangelo yakakwanisa kuenda kuRoma. Muimbi akanzwa murume ane chimiro chakaoma, anogara achibatanidzwa mukurwa, akaenda kujeri.
Kupenda
Makore ekutanga ehupenyu muRoma aisa nyore kune caravaggio. Mujaya wechidiki ane kuoma anogona kuwana chikafu uye pekugara, asi rombo rakatendeukira kwaari. Trendy panguva iyoyo, iyo pendi Cesari d'arpino akagamuchira Michelangelo kune iyo positi yemubatsiri mumusangano wega. Parizvino, Musiki asingazivikanwe akagadzirwa achiri mararamiro e d'arpino. Paunenge uchishanda mumusangano, munyori anogadzira anoshanda "mukomana ane tswanda yemichero" uye "murwere we" murume mudiki akarwara ".
Pasina nguva Cardinal Francesco Maria Del Monte akave mutungamiriri weCaravaggio. Iyo Artist yakawana mukana wekusika yeRoma. Mukuronga, Michelangelo akapa Cardinal mufananidzo wake wokunyorwa kwe "bhasiketi yemichero", uyezve mamwe mashoma anoshanda - "Butterist" uye "VHH".
Munguva ino, mabasa mashoma anopinda mune rondedzero yenyika yenyika kubva pasi pebrashi karavago. Uyu ndi "rombo rakanaka", "AMur-anokunda", "Narcissa". Maziso erumhizha anoonekwa mafambiro matsva - "akachena" achiri hupenyu uye "adventurism" mukupenda. Vateveri vaMichelange vanowanzovaishandisa mumabasa.
Caravaggio yaiwanzotanga kunzi dzechitendero. Kubva pamabasa ekutanga aunogona kugovera "Holy Marfa achitaura naMaria Magdalina", "Holy Ekatherina Alexandria", "Ecstasy yeSt." Francis "," Chibayiro ".
Pakupera kwezana reXI ZUVA, Caravaggio akanyora madhiri maviri ependi anotaurira nezve hupenyu hwevaapositori. Mamwe mabasa akaendeswa kuchechi yeSan Luigi Dei Francise, ari muRoma. Idzi pendi dzinozvipira kumupostori Mateu. Mabasa maviri asvika nhasi - "kuurayiwa kwemupostori Mateu" uye "basa romuapostora Mateo".
Capella maviri muchechi yeSanta Maria del Popolo muRoma zvakare yakashongedzwa nemabasa eCaravaggio. Pano pavakanga vari "kurovererwa kwemupostori Petro" uye "kufadza kwaSavla." Kubatana nedzimba dzechitendero dzakatarwa kwenguva yakareba. Patova muIzwi reCentine, pendi "chinzvimbo mubhokisi", "Madonna di Loreto" uye "kufunga kwaMariya" kwakaonekwa. Mabasa aive ari mumakereke eSant agostino naSanta Maria-mu-valetella.
Makore mashoma ekupedzisira ehupenyu michelangelo caravaggio akadzungaira, achiedza kudzivirira kurangwa. Mune mazwi ekugadzira, nguva iyi yakanga yakapfuma mune nyanzvi. Panguva ino, Caravaggio yakaoneka pendi yeatende "Madonna rosary", "minomwe Ngoni dzechokwadi", "Zvinoita KwaKristu". Muimbi wavo akanyora kuti naples.
Kuve muMalta, Caravaggio akagadzira "jerome dzvene" uye "mamiriro ezvinhu waJohani Mubhabhatidzi." MuSicily, kubva pasi pebrashi yeMaestro, "kuvigwa kwetsvene", "kumuka kwaRazaro", "kunamata kweSheferus". Pakuvira kwezuva, Michelange liridza mufananidzo "David kubva kuMusoro waGoriyati". Basa renzambiringa chinhu chinoratidza.
MuLondon National Gallery, rimwe remabasa ekutanga evaimbi parizvino riri kufumurwa - "Mukomana, akarumbidzwa negondo." Iye munyori akanyora mufananidzo mune maviri shanduro. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vachiri kupokana vanoratidzwa pane canvas. Pane shanduro mbiri: Vanodiwa Caravaggio kana Maestro pachavo.
Mugarari reDhiori Pamfili Pane rimwe basa rekutanga remuimbi - "kumhanya Marina magdalene." Uyu mufananidzo usingawanzo pikicha iro musikana mudiki anoratidzwa. Caravaggio yakakosha yakabhadharwa kune iyo nhoroondo: Pasi rakarongedzwa kushongedza, ijug nechinwiwa, mapapiro pamapfekero anokweverwa.
MuUffiza, unogona kutarisa basa rinonakidza raMichelangelo. Mufananidzo "Medusa" wakasikwa pane kunetseka pane huni substrate canvas. Chisikwa ichi chakagadzirwa zvakananga Cardinal Francesco del Monte, aida kuita chipo Ferdinand i, Great Duke Tuscan.
Mufananidzo "Johani Mubhabhatidzi" ari pakuchengetedza muTealselky Cathedral. Mujaya wechidiki anoratidzwa pane canvas. Kune akawanda runyerekupe kutenderedza basa iri. Vanyori venhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare vanotenda kuti kunyorwa kunogona kuve kune mumwe wevateveri veCaravaggio. Vamwe vanopotsa kuti pikicha yakanyorwa naMichelangelo zvakananga nezve Abbot yechipatara chokutarisira.
Munyika ine nyika yeIreland, mufananidzo "kutsvoda Judha" inotumirwa. Basa racho rakavakirwa pane kuiswa kweCaravaggio nezve mazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwaJesu Kristu. Nyaya inoshatisa yakabatana neiyi webhu. Zvakazoitika kuti kopi yemufananidzo yakamiririrwa muOdessa, iyo yakazonyudzwa. Zvichakadaro, yekutanga iri muIreland kusvikira nhasi.
MuBergese gallery, iri muRome, iwe unogona kuzivana nebasa rimwe michelangelo caravaggio - "Madonna ane mwana uye St. Anna". Vakadzi vaviri nemwana vanoratidzwa pane canvas. Mifananidzo yeyakawanda pendi yeCaravaggio inoiswa mune dzakakosha Albums zvakatsaurirwa kune World Art.
Hupenyu Hwako
Michelangelo caravaggio yakanga isina kuroora. Panguva imwecheteyo, murume aifarira kukwezva vasina kupfeka vakomana, kwete vakadzi. Izvi zvakakonzera chokwadi chekuti vazhinji vakatanga kufunga nezve muimbi kuvamiriri vekumiririri vechinyakare. Uye muXX Century, Caravaggio yaitodaidzwa kuti Gay icon. Uchapupu hwepamutemo hwechokwadi ichi harisati rave kuwanikwa.
Muna 1986, ndakaona mwenje wefirimu "Caravaggio", mavakazivisa nezvenyaya dzisiri dzepabonde dzepabonde reMichelangelo. Mudiwa anodikanwa akatamba mutambi weBritish sean bhinzi. Iri ndiro basa rake rekutanga rehunhu uhwu.
Rufu
MuItari, Michelangelo Caravaggio anozivikanwa kuti ivhu, iyo yakakonzera kukakavara kwakawanda uye nyonganiso munharaunda. Nehurombo, haana kungokonzeresa shanduko, asiwo nemaitiro. Kutyamadza nguva dzose kupara mhosva mutemo uye kwaive padanho rekusungwa. Caravaggio akange asina mvumo yekutakura zvombo zvinotonhora, asi muimbi haana kumira.
Michelangelo akakanda tray mumucheto, akapwanya girazi mumba memumwe munhu. Yakanga yakaneta nevarindi, saka muimbi akasungwa mutirongo. Uye muna 1606 murume akauraya murume. Nhamo yacho yakaitika ichiridza bhora. Kuti usave kumashure kwemabhawa, Caravaggio akatiza. Makore mana ekupedzisira ehupenyu, munyori weanyanzvi hwesenyika anoshandiswa muutapwa.
Michelangelo akatarisira kuregerera, saka aive akavanda pedyo neRoma, asi akazoenda kuNaples. Yakanga iri muMalta kufamba rondedzero. Pachitsuwa cheMunyu akazvitsaurira kune knights yekukodzera pamberi peiyo malta oder. Asi zvakare airatidza hunhu husina kudzorwa uye akapinda muhondo. Uyezve, mudzvanyiriri weCaravaggio akava chipangamazano chakakwirira-chinzvimbo. Nenguva isipi The Artist akakwanisa kutiza kubva kujeri paSicily.
Njodzi kubva kune vakuru veItaly yakapfuura, asi imwe nyowani yakaonekwa - vamiriri vehurongwa. Muna 1609, Michelangelo akakwanisa kutiza kubva kwavari, asi panguva imwe chete iyoyo airwara. Vateveri vakadzinga kumeso kweiyo muimbi. Gare gare, Caravaggio yaive mutirongo, asi nekukanganisa. Rufu rweMusiki rwakawa musi waChikunguru 18, 1610. Michelangelo akafa kubva kumarariya. Muimbi mukuru aive nemakore makumi matatu nemashanu.
Michelangelo Caravaggio akavigwa muguva reboka. Gare gare, zvasara zvevarume vakawanikwa. Zvinotungamira zvirimo mumapfupa zvakazopfuura kakawanda. Ziva kuti mumazuva iwayo chinhu ichi chakawedzerwa pendi. Zvichida kwete marariya akauraya muimbi, asi basa racho.
Shanda
- 1593 - "Mujaya ane bhasiketi yemichero"
- 1595 - "Vaimbi"
- 1596 - "Mukomana Akabikwa neLizard"
- 1597 - "Kufamba Magdalene"
- 1597 - "Medusa"
- 1598 - "Judith naOlofern"
- 1599 - "Narcissus"
- 1600 - "kufira kuuraya St. Matthew"
- 1601 - "Kurovererwa kweSt Peter"
- 1602 - Amur-anokunda
- 1603 - "Kuvigwa kwa Kristu"
- 1604 - "Johani Mubhabhatidzi"
- 1605 - "Mufananidzo wePapa Paul V"
- 1606 - "Maria Magadalena muEcstasy"
- 1607 - "Zvinomwe Zvetsitsi"
- 1608 - "Kuonekwa kwaJohani Mubhabhatidzi"
- 1609 - "Razaro Rumutswa"
- 1610 - "Dhavhidhi ari pamusoro waGoriyati"