Biography
Kunenge kuti pane munhu akadaro munyika asingazive akakurumbira mabhuku gamba pamusoro Stirlitz, vakasikwa munyori Julian Semenov. Hunhu kubva kune dema uye chena yakawanda-firimu yemakore gumi nemanomwe "yakamisa vateereri muenzaniso weushingi uye ushingi, uchiita zvido zveUSSr mundima yeFascist Germany. Asi vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti kushanda mubhuku, munyori akavimba vanhu chaivo uyo aimbotaurawo zviitiko iyoyo rakabvongodzwa kubvira 1941 kusvika 1945.
Nikolai Ivanovich KuzNetsosov - Imwe yeiyo prototypes yeiyo yakakurumbira maleniv. Uyu murume akasiya trace munhoroondo yeSoviet Union inowanzonzi vamwe pakati pevamwe kana kuti Mwari ungwaru. Kuita pasi pechifukidziro, iyi gamba pachako yakadzima gumi nerimwe-chinzvimbo zvepamusoro zveNazi Germany. Ehezve, Nikolai Ivanovich akabatsira Amailand kuti vakunde hondo yakaoma kurwisa ALOLF THELF.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Nikanor Ivanovich (Izita reKenznetsov, iro rakazozotevera rakachinja muNikolai) rakazvarwa musi waZyry 27, 1911 mumusha weZyryank Dunhu reSverdlovsk Dunhu. Kuznnetsov vakakurira mumhuri yavaridzi vemunharaunda kubva kuvanhu vatanhatu. Pamusoro peNicholas, vasikana vaviri vakarererwa mumba - Agafia neRidhiya, pamwe nemukomana anokunda. Pakutanga, jaya rakafunda mune imwe nguva yedzidzo Chikoro Chemakore manomwe, ndokuzoenderera mberi nedzidzo uye vakapinda chikoro chehunyanzvi hwekurima muTyummen.
Jaya racho rinodzora pamusoro pezvinyorwa uye vakaedza kudzidza zvakanaka, uye rakagamuchirwawo muchibatanidzwa wechidiki wechiKomonisiti. Nekudaro, Nikolai aifanira kusiya chikoro chedzidzo, sezvo mhuri yakarasikirwa neyekuwona mwero - Ivan KuzNetsosv, iyo yakafa kubva ku tubberculosis. Sezvo vakarasikirwa nababa vake, iro ramangwana reSoviet Union vakatanga kutarisira amai vake, hama, kuzadzisa mabasa emusoro wemhuri.
Asi hupenyu hwehupenyu hwaive husina kuputswa nejaya, akaramba achigeza Granite yesainzi, kunyoresa muTalitsky Sango Stullnical School. Panenge panguva imwe chete iyoyo, kuznetsov vakaratidza kugona kwemitauro, murume wacho akatanga kudzidza mutauro wemutauro wechizvarwa, Marx uye Schiller - ChiGerman. Nekuda kwevadzidzisi vanonyanya kukwanisa, Nikolai vakakurumidza kuziva mutauro wokumwe.
Zvinokosha kuti akadzidza kwete chete maitiro emabhizimisi chete, asiwo akabata Jargon nemazwi ehupfumi nekuda kwekutaurirana nemusango weGerman, iyo yakambonyorwa nemusoja weAustria-Hungary mauto eAustria.
Zvakare, jaya rakadzidzwa rakadzidziswa Esperanto - mutauro wakanyanya kurongwa wakagadzirwa nekutsiva oculist. Yakanga iri paari iyo yaakashandura nhetembo "borodino", yakaumbwa naLeermontov. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Nikolai Ivanovich akafukidzwa neUkraine, Komi nePolish.
Pre-makore Hondo
Nehurombo, mune biography of nikolai Ivanovich mune mavara matema. Muna 1929, jaya rakabvaruka kubva kuKomsomol, sezvo ruzivo rwacho kuznetsov vakave nemucherechedzo-kulatsky. Kwapera gore, muchirimo, Nikolai aive kuKudymkar, kwaakagadzirisa mutero webasa pakuvakwa kwetsika dzemuno. Gare gare, polyglot yakadzoserwa kuchikoro chehunyanzvi, asi diploma haina kubvumidzwa. Zvakare, jaya rinoshanda rakaoma rakagamuchirwa zvakare mumapoka eKomsomol, asi kwete kwenguva yakareba.
Kushanda kune Enterprise, Kuznetsov vakanyunyuta nemakanzuru emutemo kune vamwene vemubatanidzwa mumusangano, izvo zvaiita zvakabiwa zvivakwa zveNyika. MaDeck maviri akagamuchira mutongo mune fomu yekusungwa kwemakore 4-8, uye kuKznetso vakapindawo muOpalia uye vakatongerwa gore rebasa rekururamisa. Mukuwedzera, Nikolai Ivanovich akashanda pa "WartipomoZozeuz", pamwe ne "mutsvuku" anokurudzira "anokurudzira.
Muna 1934 akashanda sevaNiyeti mu "SVERDLES" kuvimba, uyezve dhirowa muEkaterinburg chirimwa. Kwapera gore, iye mukomana akagara pamusoro pemuUralmashged, asi akagadziridzwa anodzokororwa. Muna 1938 akasungwa nehofisi yeNKVD uye akapedza mwedzi yakati wandei munzvimbo dzevasungwa.
Hondo huru yeNyika
Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti Nikolai Ivanovich aive aine chinzvimbo chinoshanda chehurumende. Iye pachezvake akabatanidzwa mukubatana kwemapurazi ega ega mumapurazi ehurumende. Kuznnetsov akafamba akatenderedza misha nemisha uye akadzokorora akasangana nevanowanikwa. Panguva dzenjodzi, jaya iri raizotungamira vasingatyi uye nemirayiridzo, idzo pfungwa dzekuchengetedza mashandiro ehurumende?
Zvakare, nekuda kwekuziva kweKomi Kuznetsosov mutauro, vakatora chikamu mukubatwa kwemapoka emasango emasango uye akazviratidza seanoshanda sehunyanzvi. Muna 1938, Nick Mikhail Ivanovich Zhuuravlev akapa hunhu hwakanaka hweKazNetsosov uye akada kutora tarenda polyglot kune iyo central turatus. Kutendiswa uye kudzokorora nguva dzinotyisa muBiography yeNikovai Ivanovich haina kubvumira izvi kuti zviite, zvisinei, nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu asina chokwadi mune zvematongerwo enyika, zviremera zvaifanira kuuya nemitemo yavo.
Kuznetsov akagamuchira chimiro chevamwe vakwegura vakwegura mumiririri, pamwe pasipoti muzita reRudolf wilhelmevich Schmidt. Kubva 1939, munguva yakapfuura, mushandi ari nyore akaitwa nemabasa akaiswa nemasangano ehurumende uye akaziviswa muupenyu hwekunyepedzera, hwaive hwakagonhedza muMoscow.
Kana hondo huru yemuchadenga payakatanga, hutungamiriri hweUSSR hwakasika boka rehungwaru pasi pekuraira kwePave Sudplatov. Achipinda muboka reboka rakakosha pamakomisheni eUSSR, Nikolay Kuznetsov akarondedzerwa muGerman Liebert Paul Wilhelm Saiebert, akanyorwa mumauto emauto eGerman, obva atanga mumucheche.
Mukuru weRussia weRussia akatarisa hupenyu uye magiya eGerman, uye zvakare akataura nekwavo neyekumusoro-nzvimbo yechitatu rejere. VaGerman havana kucherechedza hunyengeri nekuti mumiririri weRussia akange akafanana neava aryal. Mukuwedzera, mukutarisa kweiyo Abver favour iyo kuznetsov yaive neinenge mitanhatu mitauro yeGerman. Ndokunge, mukuru wehungwaru akangwara akaziva kuti munyori wake anobvepi, uye sekunge nekudzvanya chigunwe chakachinjirwa mutauro waunoda.
Sezvo aronga vavangari munaFebruary 7, 1943, Nikolai Ivanovich akabvunza kubva kuGain Gahan, akatapwa, nezve mwero weAdolf Hitler kuchamhembe kweUkraine. Zvakare kuznetsov akagamuchira pakavanzika kadhi. Ruzivo nezve "vervolph" rakachinjirwa nekukurumidza kuhutungamiriri hweMoscow.
Basa guru raNikolai kuznetsov rairo rekubvisa Gaualer Erich Koch. Zvisinei, kuedza zvose kuparadza Honorary Obergrupenfürera SS vakanga vakatongerwa Fiasco. Kuedza kwekutanga Nikolai Ivanovich kwaive kuronga kuita parade mukuremekedza zuva rekuzvarwa kweiyo Fuhrer, uye yechipiri yakaitwa panguva yekubvuma kwaKoha. Zvisinei, kekutanga, Erich haana kunetseka kuoneka parade, uye muZiebert wechipiri haana kuenda padanho rine njodzi zvakadaro, nekuti kwaive neZvapupu zvakawanda uye chengetedzo.
Zvakare kuznetsov vakaedza kuparadza iyo Trastee Koha - Paul Dargel. Asi chirongwa ichi chakatadza nekupaza: Pauro akakuvara kubva kumakwenzi, akarasikirwa nemakumbo ese ari maviri, asi akapona. Mukudonha kwa1943, Ziebert akazadzisa kushanda kwake kwekupedzisira muRivne: mudare redzimhosva, iyo Obrafurr sa Alfred Funk yakapfurwa.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Native of Zyryanka Reality Offerised Come Secorned A "kusvetuka kwenguva refu", iyo inonzi "Trinple" - Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill uye Franklin Roosevelt . Kuznetsov akagamuchira ruzivo rwakanaka kubva kuHans Ulrich, rwizi, uyo, mushure mekunwa zvinopisa, aisaziva nzira yekuchengeta rurimi.
Hupenyu Hwako
Zvekurarama nemazuva ano Ikovai Ivanovich Kuznetsov akataura kuti gamba reSoviet Union raive vakadzi uye vakachinja vakadzi sekunge magurovhosi. Elena Changena, akashanda semukoti muKudymkar akazova wekutanga kusarudzwa kwakashambwa. Vadiwa vakasimbisa hukama pakati pevaroora, asi mushure memwedzi mitatu mushure mewanano Nikolai Ivanovich akasiya mukadzi / akasaenda kunzvimbo yemumwe. Iko kurambana kwepamutemo kweVaKennsov kwaisave nenguva yekubuda.
Scouts inogona kuiswa so Donzhuana, aive nerudo rweDonzhuana nedunhu reMetropolitan reBallet, asi pakati pezvimwe madzimai madiki akakosha kucherechedza imwe obolenskaya. Kune uyu mukadzi, Nikolai Ivanovich akatarisira chechokwadi Cavalier Cavalier uye, ndakaumba nezvangu ngano ruoko rweGerman Rudolph Schmidt, kazhinji, zvichibva pane izvo zvinoratidzwa izvo vakadzi vanodedera vatorwa.
Asi paEvha wehondo Oksana aisada kubata nemurume anonzi anonzi aine surname yeGerman. Naizvozvo, Obolenskaya waunofarira ku kuznetsov yake compatriot. Asi kumisa mudiwa uye kuratidza chokwadi chako "Ini" Nikolai Ivanovich aisakwanisa. Maererano nerunyerekupe, scout akakumbira Colonel Dmitry medvedev kuti mubairo weRufu rweKenznosov vakaratidza chokwadi cheObolenskaya.
Rufu uye ndangariro
Nikolai Ivanovich KuzNetsosov uye Yake Comrade yang Kaminsky uye Ivan Belov akadonha kubva mumaoko eSteplan Bandera Comrades. Chokwadi ndechekuti kuyananisa kwaifanira kumira mundima yeUkraine, pavakafamba kumashure kwekudzokera kumauto eGerman. Sekureva kweimwe vhezheni, kuznetsov vakafa, vachitora chikamu mukuputika nekwakabuda, kune rimwe, ravhuvhuvhuta pagirini. Gamba rakafa munaKurume 9, 1944.
Nzvimbo yekuviga yekuviga yeNikolai Ivanovich yakawanikwa muBonticule. Strutinsky (comrade kuznetsova, kutora chikamu mukutsvaga kwekutsvaga), kuona kuti zvasara zveiyo scout kupa nyika pachikomo chemukurumbira.
Midziyo yeKenznetsov mumaguta eLVIV uye yakatotambura kubva mumaoko emidziyo - nhengo dzeUkraine nyika yepasi pevhu. Gare gare, imwe yezvinhu zvinotakurwa kuenda kuTalitsa. Muna 2015, chigadziko chakaparadzwa mumusha wePerache.
Zvakare mukukudza kweNikolai Ivanovich anonzi Museum mumusha wake weZyryanka.
Mubairo
- 1944 - Musoro wegamba weSoviet Union
- 1943 uye 1944 - kurongeka kwe lenin
- 1944 - Medal "Partiza yeHondo yePatriotic" 1 degree
- 1999 - Medal "Dziviriro weNyika"
- 2004 - Medal "makore makumi matanhatu ekusunungurwa kweUkraine kubva kuFascist Vanopinda"