Biography
Konstantin Simonov murume anozivikanwa, mudetembi uye mutori venhau. Mabasa ake akanyorwa mukati memakore ehondo aive asiri kungofungisisa nezvechokwadi, asiwo rudzi rwemunamato. Semuenzaniso, nhetembo "inondimirira", iyo yakava 1941 uye yakazvitsaurira kuna valentine Servent, nanhasi inopa tariro yevarwi vakatumira munhandare yehondo. Zvakare, hunyanzvi hwemabhuku hunozivikanwa nemabasa okumwe "," mauto haana kuberekwa "," tsamba yakavhurika "," rarama uye zvimwe zvinoshamisa uye zvimwe zvinoshamisa uye zvinoshamisa uye zvine hungwaru.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Nezuva rinotonhora rekunze muguta riri paNeva, avo vaiwanzodaidzwa kuti petrograd, munaNovember 28, 1915 mumhuri yeMikotil Agonodovna Obolenski Obolenski - mwanakomana akaberekwa, zvainzi Cyril .
Cyril izita chairo remunyori, asi nekuda kwekuti Simonov Kartvil haana kutaura kuti "L", akatanga kuzvidaidza kuti Konstantin, asi amai vemunyori havana kuziva pseudominm evana vake, saka iye Gara wakadaidza Mwanakomana naKiryuska.
Mukomana akakura uye akaunza asina baba vake, nekuti, sechipiriso chevasekuru vake chakarasika muPoland muna 1922: Mukuru wekudya mumba maive asipo, achipinda muhondo yenyika yekutanga. Uye saka, ndangariro dzeKonsterin Mikhalovich rakabatana neBetelicans kupfuura baba vake.
Mukutsvaga kwehupenyu huri nani, amai vemunyori wenguva yemberi, pamwe chete neMwanakomana wake, vakasangana naRyazan, kwaakashanda Alexander Ivanishevek, uye akazotungamira vashandi vehondo, uye vakaburitsa varwi vehondo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti hushamwari hushamwari hushamwari hwakamuka pakati pomuroora kana mukadzi mutsva weOBLEENSK uye kumhanya kwake.
Nepo musoro wemhuri wanga uri pabasa, Alexander akagadzirira marefu uye madhiri, akatungamira imba uye akaunza Constantine. Mufaro akayeuka kuti vabereki vake vaiwanzokurukura nezvezvematongerwo enyika, asi idzi hurukuro idzi Konstantin Mikhairin Mikhalovich hazvina kurangarira. Asi Musoro wemhuri mukapinda muchikoro cheRyazan kumudzidzisi weRyazic kumudzidzisi wechizara, mhuri yakatonga pfungwa dzisina kutendeka nezveTrotsky, kunyanya, vakuru vakatsoropodzwa muhupfumi uye guruva rezviitiko zvake sekupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka.
Ipapo iyi post iyi yakatorwa naFrunze, uyo akasangana nemazvo, asi mano emuteveri wake - Voroshilov - aisada baba vekuramba. Zvakare, munyori anoyeuka kuti nhau dzekufa dzeVladimir Ilyich reLyich rakange rakajeka mhuri yake, kwaive nemisodzi muvabereki vake, asi wrestler akatanga kutsiva wrestler naTrotskyism Stalin, ivo havana kuzadziswa panguva iyoyo.
Iye mukomana paaive nemakore gumi nemaviri, mundangariro dzake dzakanongedza chiitiko chaakayeuka kusvika pakuguma kwehupenyu hwake. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti Simonov akatarisana nepfungwa yekudzvinyirira (iyo panguva iyoyo chete yakambotangisa iyo yekutanga sprouts) uye nekuenda kuimba yechinhu chakakanganikwa, pachezvake kutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwehukama hwake hurefu hwake - murume wekare akaoma mitezo .
"... murume mukuru, akasendamira pamadziro, hafu yekufamba pamubhedha, akaramba achizvimutsira, uye ini ndanga ndakagara pachigaro ndokutarisa izvi ... mumweya zvaisave kushamisika, asi Kushamisika kwakasimba: Kamwe kamwe kamwe kwakaisangana nechimwe chinhu chaisanganisira zvachose pamwe neupenyu hwakagara mhuri yedu ..., "Konstantin Mikhalovich yakareverera mumemodzi yake.Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti muhudiki munyori weramangwana haana kusungirirwa kune imwe nzvimbo, nekuti nekuda kwehumwe basa, mhuri yakatama kubva kunzvimbo yekuna nzvimbo. Saka, wechidiki wemunyori akapfuura mumaguta emauto uye mahombekombe ehondo. Nezvekubatana, Konstantin Mikhaillovich kubva pamakirasi manomwe echikoro chechipiri, uye ipapo, uyo ainakidza nezvekuvaka kwesocialist, akasarudza nzira yakavezwa uye akaenda kugashira hunyanzvi.
Sarudzo yejaya yakawira pachikoro chefekitori yekudzidziswa, kwaakadzidza basa reTokar. MuBiography of Konstantin Mikhailovich maivewo vaitadzawo mazuva. Baba vake vokurera vakasungwa kwenguva pfupi, ndokuzodzingwa kubva kuhofisi. Naizvozvo, mhuri yakawedzera kubva pakadzika dzichiita kunge yakasara isina kurarama.
Muna 1931, Simonov, pamwe chete nevabereki vavo, vakatamira kuMoscow, asi zvisati zvaitika kuti akashanda pesimbi kuenda kusimbi kuSaratov Production. Mukufanana neiyi, konstantin mikhaillovich akagamuchira dzidzo muNeterary Institute anonzi Arel Gorky, kwaakatanga kumuratidza kugona kugona. Sezvo agamuchira diploma, konstantin mikhalovich muchikoro chetsoka cheMoscow Institute of the Moscow Institute of the Moscow Institute yePlosofi, mabhuku nenhoroondo yainzi G. G. ChernysHevsky.
Hondo
Simonov akadanwa mushumiro muuto, kwaakamboshanda semunyori wemauto pamberi pevakamiriri mikhalovich molotov akazivisa radio yeAdelf Hitler kurwiswa kwaAdelf Hitler Jaya racho rakatumirwa kunonyora zvinyorwa nezvekurwira paKhalchin-chinangwa - kupokana kwenzvimbo pakati pehusimba reJapan uye Manzhou. Yakanga iripo ipapo Simonovaiziva naGeorge Zhukov, uyo akagamuchira zita revanhu Marshal wekukunda.
Muchikoro chedzidzo, munyori haana kudzoka. Kana hondo huru yemuchadenga payakatanga, Simono akabatanidza mauto ehondo tsvuku uye akaburitswa mumapepanhau "Izvestsia", "kurwisa banner" uye "nyeredzi tsvuku".
Zvokukosheswa kwavo uye ushingi, munyori akashanyira matanda ese uye akaona nyika yePoland, Romania, Germany nedzimwe nyika zhinji, uye zvakare yakapfuura nzira kubva kuBattalion kuenda kuColonel. Constantine Mikhalovich "Yekudzivirira kweCaucasus", kurongeka kwehondo yekutevera, menduru "yekudzivirira kweMoscow", nezvimwe.
Mabhuku
Iye murume akaona zvisizvo zviri kuitika mukati mehondo huru yenyika yakatakura idzi ndangariro seyekurima guva rose. Naizvozvo, hazvishamise kuti zviitiko zveropa cha1941-1945 zvakava musimboti wekusika, nekuti vanhu vakada kugovera zvavaifanira kupukunyuka, uye Konstantin Mikhalovich Simonov - Hapana Kusarudzika. Musoro mukuru wemabasa aro, saVasil Bykov, ihondo.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti Simonov mumunyori wepasirese. Service yayo yakanyorwa madiki madiki nyaya uye nyaya uye nhetembo, nhetembo, inotamba uye kunyange zvinyorwa zvese. Maererano nerunyerekupe, wizard yakatanga kudzidza kunyora muhudiki, kugara paBench University.
Hondo yapera, Konstantin Mikhairlovich akashanda semutauro wemagazini ", yaive munyama yebhizinesi renyika, akatarisa runako rwezuva rezuva rinobuda uye rakafamba muAmerica neChina. Simonov kubva 1950 kusvika 1953 yaive panzvimbo yemupepeti miviri yepepanhau rekunyora.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti mushure mekufa kwaJoseph Stalin, Konstantin Mikhaillovich chinyorwa chaakanyora pane vese vanyori kuti vazive hunhu hukuru hweGeneralsimus basa uye vanyore nezvechinyorwa chake chehupenyu hwevanhu vanobva Nekudaro, chikumbiro ichi chakafungwa muBayonet Nikita Sergeyevich Krushchev, uyo haana kugoverana pfungwa yemunyori. Naizvozvo, nekurongeka kwemunyori wekutanga weDare repakati reCpsu Simonov, dzakasarudzika kubva pachinzvimbo.
Zvakakodzerawo kutaura kuti Konstantin Mikhailovich Akapindirana muhondo inopesana neyakaipararira yekubvumirana. Mune mamwe mazwi, munyori haana kunzwira tsitsi vamwe vake mumusangano - Anna Akhmatova, Mikhail zoshchenko naAlexander Solzhenitsyn. Boris Pasnak yakaiswa pasi uye boris past - yakanyora "isina-parade" zvinyorwa.
Muna 1952, Konstantin Simonov anobuda murudo rwekubiridzira, iro raidaidzwa kuti "maoko emari", uye mushure memakore manomwe munyori anova munyori webhuku rinoti "(1959), iro rakakura kuva triage. Chikamu chechipiri chakadhindwa muna 1962, uye chetatu - muna 1971. Zvinokosha kuti vhoriyamu yekutanga yaive yakafanana neyenzi yemunyori.
Urongwa hweRoma hweRoma hwakavakirwa pane zviitiko zvakaitika panguva yehondo, kubva 1941 kusvika 1944. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti Konstantin Mikhairlovich zvaakaona nemaziso ake, anowedzera kushanda kwesangano remafananidzo uye kumwe kutaura kwekutaura kunoshandurwa.
Muna 1964, iyo yakakurumbira Director Alexander Tsper yakatumira basa iri pane zvimedu zveTV, kubvisa iyo bhaisikopo iro zita rimwe chete. Mitambo mikuru yakaitwa naKirill Lavrov, Anatoly Papanov, Alexey Glazerin, Oleg Efremov, Oleg Tabakov uye vamwe vatambi vane mukurumbira.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Konstantin Mikhailovich muRussia zvinyorwa zveReddard Kipling Kipling Bowgli, nezvakanyorwa zveThe Azerbaijani nhetembo neNasimi uye Uzbek munyori Kakhhar.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwepamoyo hwe konstantin mikhailovich simonov aigona kushandira sehwaro hwechinyorwa chose, nekuti biography yemunhu uyu akapfuma mune zviitiko. Mukuru wekutanga wemunyori aive munyori Natalia Ginzburg, iyo yakabva kumhuri inozivikanwa uye inobhadharwa. Konstantin Mikhailovich Akazvitsaurira kumudaya ake konstantin Mikhaillovich, asi hukama hwehukama huviri hwekusika hwakatambura fiasco.
Mukuru mukuru waSimono ndiye Evrua Laskin, uyo akapa munyori wemwanakomana womwanakomana waAlexei (1939). Laskin - Philologist yeDzidzo - Yakashanda semutauro weVanyori, uye ndiye akaburitsa muna 1960 iyo isingafi yeNovel Mikhaiv Bulgakov "Master uye Margarita".
Asi hukama uhu hwakaparadzaniswa kubva kueams, nekuti, pasinei nekuzvarwa kwemwanakomana mudiki, Konstantin Mikhairlovich mumusoro weSoviet Aentina Serms, uyo akatamba mumafirimu e "mwoyo we" (1941) , "Glinka" (1946), "Rufu rusarura" (1956) uye dzimwe pendi. Musikana Maria (1950) akazviratidza muwanano iyi. Mutambi akafuridzira Simonov pane kugona uye aive museum yake. Kutenda kwaari, Konstantin Mikhailovich akaburitsa anoshanda akati wandei, senge mutambo "wekutamba kubva kuguta redu".
Maererano nerunyerekupe, Valentina akaponesa munyori Ivan Bunin kubva kufa kwave pedyo. Zvirikuti konstantin mikhalovich akaenda kuguta reFrance muna 1946, uko Ivan Alekseevich kwaive kunyengerwa kuti adzokere kumusha kwake. Nekudaro, pakavanda kubva kumurume wake, mudiwa wake akaudza Bunin muchivande pane zvaakanga akamirira muUSR. Masayendisiti akatadza kuratidza chokwadi chenyaya iyi, asi valentine havasati vaenda kunzenza nzendo nemurume wake.
Neraki kana kuzvidemba, Valentina Serov uye Konsterin Simonov akaratwa muna 1950. Zvinozivikanwa kuti aimbove mukadzi wemunyori akafa muna 1975 uye ane mamiriro ezvinhu asina kujekeswa. Munyori akatumira kubhokisi remukadzi raakararama kwemakore gumi nemashanu, bouquet ye 58 maruva.
Art Wezvenhau wezvemunyori Zhora Zhadava, uyo, maererano neanofungidzirwa kuti mukadzi mudiki uye aine hanya, akatanga kuve nerudo rwechina uye wekupedzisira muupenyu hwaSimonov. Lora akaunza mumwe wake kuna Alexander (1957), mwanasikana akakwiridzwa mumba kubva kuwanano yekutanga yeLarisa nedetembi yeNeedseenko - Catherine.
Rufu
Konstantin Simonov akafira muMoscow muzhizha ra1978. Iko kukonzera rufu kwave kuita bundu remubato. Muviri wenhetembi neProsaiika zvakange zvakadzivirirwa, uye guruva rake (maererano nechido) zvakabviswa pamusoro peBeinynsky munda - gara reChirangaridzo iri muguta reMogilev.BHAIBHERI
- 1952 - "Arms Comrades"
- 1952 - "Nhetembo uye nhetembo"
- 1956-1961 - Maodzanyemba Mira
- 1959 - "Rarama uye Ufa"
- 1964 - "Mauto haana kuberekwa"
- 1966 - "Konstantin Simonov. Yunganidzwa Inoshanda mune matanhatu mavhoriyamu "
- 1971 - "Zhizha Rokupedzisira"
- 1975 - "Konstantin Simonov. Nhetembo "
- 1985 - "Sophia Leonidovna"
- 1987 - "Yechitatu Adjutant"