Biography
Iyo nzira kubva kune vadiki yevana gumi nemashanu emwana weMwana weMambo weASURIRRIS kuna Mambokadzi weFrance, avo vakapedza hupenyu mu Guillotine, Maria-Anttoinetta yakaitwa mumakore makumi matatu nematanhatu. Akanzi vahosi Roko uye Madame Deficit.
Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kune kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvefashoni, vazhinji vekare vakararama nanhasi uye vanoshandiswa nemwoyo wose nevanozvigadzira nevanogadzira dzimba. Maria - Antoinette Pourlimbabwe nhamba yekukwereta uye yakakwereta zvinhu zvevarume zvezvipfeko. Anonzerwa nekukurudzira kukuru kwekudya makeke, kana pasina chingwa.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mambokadzi wenguva yemberi weFrance Maria-Anttoinette akaberekerwa muVienna. Vabereki - Emperor Franz i larring naMary Terezia - vakatokura vana gumi nemana. Chechishanu mwana (zita rizere - Maria Anthony Joseph Johanna Gabsburg-Litring) akaberekerwa munaNovember 2, 1755. Kuonekwa kweanttoine - musikana wemarinda akadanwa - akashamwaridzana nekudengenyeka kwekudengenyeka kweLisbon, izvo zvakatora zviuru makumi masere zvechikepe chePortuguese mumaminitsi. Iye anorema kuberekwa kwemambokadzi waamai uye nesarudzo yemucheche mutsva - mambo naJohroki yePortugal - ivo vakadudzira zviratidzo zvakaipa.
Kuva Nomwana Mary-Antointetti akapfuura mukugara kwezhizha kweHabsburgs - Schönbrunn castle, iyo yakanaka kwazvo chivakwa mune chimiro cheBaroque. Mumhuri huru uye ine rudo, mwana akadaidzira kuti haana kumununura pamitemo inodiwa yemhemberero. Mumakore matatu, Antoine akaisa corset, pamwe nevakadzi vese mumhuri yemamambo. Uye kucherechedza kuti mazino madiki e-erzgerini anokura akangwara, chiremba wemazino akaisa pane waya waaidaira.
Ivo vakarera Maria Anttoinette pane inokosha system: Zvidzidzo zvekutamba, pendi, nhoroondo uye chiperengo chemudzidzisi chakazadzisa kudzidza kwedzidziso yehurumende, mitenzi uye mitauro yekune dzimwe nyika. Machinda uye machinda akadzidzisa mitemo yetiquequette uye kugona kuchengetedza hurukuro yenyika. Asi Antoine haana kufadza mambokadzi-amai kuti vaendese - musikana mune zvese zvidzidzo zvacho aive neruzivo rwepamusoro.
Dzeperiofferi anozivikanwa Jegor-George, akanyunyuta pamusoro pekusateerera kwemudzidzi, ane makore ane makore gumi nemaviri, akawana anokwezva, asi anofungisisa zvinhu izvozvo chete izvo zvinonakidza zvinhu .
Kudare reFrance
Michato yevana yaionekwa nemamongi muchiedza chekusimbisa pakati penyika. Hapana kusarudzika uye Habsburg. Maererano nezano reDenlemats, kubatana kwedzinza reMimba dzeHabsburgs vaifanira kusimbisa chinzvimbo cheAustria muEurope, kune iyo ertgegersogin vakaroora uye vakaroora vagari venhaka yeBourbon Dumon.
Maria ane makore gumi nematatu Anttoinette yanga isiri iyo yekusarudzika, iyo yakawanikwa mune mashoma eFrench Dauphin Louis. Mazano kubva kuna Mambo France Amai vangu amai vakatsvaga gore, uye payakasvika, ndingadai ndakapindura nekukasira uye ndikasimudza gadziriro yomudiwa wekuda kuupenyu kuFrance Court. Vadzidzisi vakatora nguva yemberi, vanotamba, hunhu uye mitauro vakadzidziswa nemari anonyadzisa Antoinette mumamiriro akawedzera. Mwanasikana akarara muzera ramambokadzi kusvika pakubva.
Kuroora kwakaitika muna Kubvumbi 1770 muVienna. Chikomba nacho proxy chakaratidza iyo French erzgertick, yakatumirwa naBourbon kuenda kuAustria. Maria-Anttoinette akasiya nyika yake zvachose. Mhemberero yeDofy yaitamanikidzwa muna Chivabvu: Pazvipfeko zvevasina hanya, Antoan, achichinja hembe naAustrier kusvika kuFrench uye achireva kuhama nehama neshamwari, akaenda kuFrance. Shomba ine nhume yakasangana nemukadzi wake muLEMI Sango.
Muchato wechipiri wakaitika mukuwirirana. Mabiko emuchato aipfuura kubva muna gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi matatu May. Pazuva rekupedzisira, Climax akarongwa - mhemberero dzezvivakwa paParis renzvimbo. Nekuda kwesangano rakaipa (gomba rekuvaka uye kuturika pachiwere), vanhu vanovhunduka neBangs vePyrotechnic mikonhu, vakamhanyisa. Chaunga chakatiza pamusoro pevanhu vakafa, vakawanda vavo vakafara negomba. Huwandu hwevakafa hwakasvika 239. Vakavigwa muguva akura. Yaive chiratidzo chechipiri chechipiri cheantoine.
Maria Teresia, achiziva kuti mwanasikana waYuna naYuna, vasina ruzivo, ngoni D'Arganto's nhume, vakatarisa Mariya, anteinetta padanho rega rega.
Kuroora neLouis nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemurume wake, makore ekutanga akasarudzika kuti asazadzikiswe: Vakaroora vanorara mumakamuri akasiyana. Kufarira zvinonakidza uye mafaro eMaria-antoutette, akaodzwa mwoyo nekutonhora kwemumwe mukadzi, akapinda muguva rose. Pamabhasi uye kurwa Dofina akapedza mazuva uye husiku, achipa chikafu kudare makuhwa. Mhuri yemadzishe ndiyo yaive nzvimbo yekutarisirwa uye yakapa zvikonzero zvezvakanyorwa zvemapepa. Mwana muAldrian-mutemo wakazvidzwa mukusaziva kwehunhu uye rusununguko.
Mambokadzi
Tsika dzeFrance Court Marie Marie Antoinette waiita sewakakurumbira, Dofine yakakomberedza vamwe vanhu vakaedza kubatsirwa neAustria, uyo asina kubata neyamambo minganidzo. Iyo chete yakanyatsonaka yeAntoine yakaramba iri mumiriri weAustria, tsamba yakachengetedzeka iyo zvakavanzika zvezvinyorwa zveDhupuine mumazana emakore mushure mekufa kwake.
Vanasikana vatatu vasina kuroorwa veLouis xv vakagadzirirwa Maria Antianette Vanotarisana naBaba Vanodiwa - Madame Dubarry. Vokupedzisira vakanga vaine chekuita nedare uye vakanga vane simba. Mary Antoutette akarairwa kuti aite ushamwari naamai vake vane ruzivo.
Curoniation yeLouis XVI yakakonzera kukurudziro pakati peFrench: Vanhu vakabvisa epoch ye rusaruro uye vakamirira shanduko. Vanhu vakatambanudza mambokadzi wechidiki, vachiona nomukadzi rwo rupo uye rupo.
Amai Mary Teresia vakadanira mwanasikana kuti vafambe kugadzikana kwehupenyu uye kutonga, vanoita nhamburiko kushamwaridzana pakati peAustria neFrance. Asi Maria-Anttoinette akazviunganidzira neVentrigans uye anozvimba, aishandisa mutsa uye Navesty mambokadzi, achidonhedza mari nezvinzvimbo zvemhuri kubva mairi.
Shamwari yepedyo yaMariya Antoinette, muchivanhu de Polync, anokurumidza basa kwaari nehama: Varombo vaAlistocrats vakagara pachivanze, vachigamuchira kubva kumambokadzi hafu yemiriyoni lvra pagore. Nezvemambo chetestury yemauto Maria-anttoinette, yakanga isiri mhemberero, ichidonha kubva ipapo nekunakidzwa uye yekubuda kwemari yakakura.
Iwo empress aida skating uye akatapukirwa mutambo wedare. Muunyanzvi hwekugara pachando hwainge hwanga husina kuenzana. Mushure mekurambidzwa kurambidzwa kwemumwe mukadzi, Maria Anttoinette akanakirwa nekubhejera. Mutsamba, Mary Terezii mumiriri wemiriri akataura kuti mwanasikana muna 1778 akarasika zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvezviuru zvekadhi.
Imba yaTrianon, yakavakwa neLouis Louis XV yeiyo Favorite Pompadour, iyo mambokadzi wechidiki akagara uye akapedza nguva yakareba, achikoka kuvenga kwevakadzi veDare avo vasina kumirira mapepa ekukoka. Chivimbo chaMambokadzi vakashandisa vezvematongerwo enyika vasina kuvimbika, vachimanikidza Maria anttoinette kuenda kuLebby yavo yekufarira paruvanze uye vanyengeri maonero emurume wake. Mambokadzi weFrance akasimuka akaenda kuAustria mumakakatanwa ehondo, anonzi "hondo yeong".
Pakutanga kwekuchinja, Maria-Antoinette pachayo semuvengi webumbiro rebumbiro-democratic. Uye riinhi kutanga kwaGumiguru 1789 Versailles vakatora Mobile, mambokadzi ane mumwe wake akatamira kuna tuiles. Makore akakora pamusoro pemisoro yemunhu wemhuri. Muna June 1791, Maria Antoto akatya nemurume wake akaedza kukurumidza kurwisa mauto eAustro-Prussian, achiedza kuponesa chigaro, hupenyu kwaari nevana. Asi mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakatarisana: Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1792, imba yamambo mu tuiletia dzakabata vapanduki vacho.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mushure mekurapa phoemosis, Louis akazova murume akazara. Pashure pemakore manomwe, iye naMaria Anttoinette vakawanikwa mumubhedha mumwechete. Vabati vakaberekerwa vana vana: vanakomana vaviri nevanasikana vaviri. Nezve hupenyu uye kupera kweMaria Anttoinette akabvisa mafirimu gumi nemaviri. Kekutanga, mambokadzi weFrance airidzwa neActress Norg Sherrrama muMelodrama yeMeericridge Worthr
Bhaisikopo Morgan, Zhevyeva Kazil naKarin Vanass vakadzinga uye vakakanda antooman mumakore akasiyana. MuDrama "Maria-Antoinette" Sofia Koppol, iyo yekutanga yeiyo yakaitika muna 2006, mambokadzi airidza Kirsten Dunst. Mushure memakore matanhatu, Drama reFrench-Spanish-Spanish - Farewell, Mambokadzi wangu "akabuda, mambokadzi, muFiana maKreru akaoneka mumufananidzo wehunhu hukuru.
Kwete batte kutarisa kwaMaria Anttoinette uye vanyori. Bhuku raMambokadzi rakanyorwa naStefan Cweig. Heroine inotaurwa mubhuku reAlexander Duma, Alexey Tolstoy, Lyon Feithhthanr uye Henry Heine.
Mary Anyoinette anoreva kunyorwa kweshoko rinoti "kana vasina chingwa, ngavadye makeke!". Asi vanyori venhoroondo nevaongorori vanopotsa kuti nhoroondo yeiyo mavambo emashoko anovhiringidza uye munyori wetsara mumwe mambiro mumwe - Maria Teresia. Maria-Anttoinette akanyatsoda hupenyu hwakasimba uye akarasikirwa nehuwandu hwehupfumi hwekutengesa, nekuti agamuchira zita rekuti Madame Deficit, asi panguva imwe chete iyoyo aive nemukurumbira nekuda kwerudo uye anonzwira tsitsi varombo.
Skipping uye kuurayiwa
Mushure mekuparadzwa kweLouis Xvi uye shanduko yesimba kugungano, mhuri yehumambo yakarodzwa mutorongo. Mushure memwedzi mishanu, mambo akaurayiwa, naMaria Antotoette vakatamiswa kubva kuTampl kuenda kuConcierger Tower, iri pachitsuwa cheSiti pamusuwo weSiti. Zvirongwa zvemahofisi kuti zvipfuure mambokadzi akapinza akundikana.
Dare riri pamusoro pemambokadzi ane makore makumi matatu nemasere okukura akaitika pakati paGumiguru 1793. Maria Anttoinette aipomerwa mhosva yekutengesa zvido zveFrance. Mangwanani-ngwanani kwaOctober 16, mutongo uyu wakabatwa nemhosva. Muurayi akaora mambokadzi akashama akashama uye akadyara maoko ake kumashure kwake. Pamberi pekuurayiwa kwaMaria Anttoinette yakaitirwa nokuremekedzwa kweumambo. Akakwira pane zvikwangwani pachayo uye akarara pasi peguiliye banga rakaiswa panzvimbo yekubvuma.
Chitunha chakaderedzwa cheMaria Anttoinette akakandwa muguva rose akaurayiwa mumuchato waMambokadzi 23 makore apfuura. Muna 1815, zvakasara zvekuurayiwa zvakaendeswa kuSaint-Denis Abbey kuchamhembe kweParis. Iyo chaiyo yekuviga nzvimbo muCathedral haizivikanwe.
Mufashoni
- Nellier . Maria-Anttoinette akasunungura madzimai kubva kune yakamanikana inokwana uye masaji akaunzi akaverengera mavhoriyamu kusvika kuhukuru hwainge husina kuenderana nengoro. Iyo yakasimba yekupfeka kodhi yakatsiviwa nemhando yezve neglge - madhivhari emumba kubva mupasiketi, bodice uye swing sweatshirts. Negleiree inosanganisira iyo yakagadzirwa mambokadzi chena muslin chipfeko, achiyeuchidza hembe yehusiku.
- Vacheki . Kuda kutaridzika kunge ndiri mudiki, mambokadzi aivanda nzvimbo, achipa zera. Maoko - ari pasi pemetsetse, iyo blush yakaiswa kumatama, uye mutsipa wemwenje wakavanzika kuseri kwevachocers - Satin mbabvu, dzakashongedzwa maitiro nematombo.
- Masutu emauto . Mambokadzi, uyo akauya kuzovhima mu camcole uye chutats, akaunza masutu emauto uye majaketi-Phrake. Vasikana vaisa hanzi dzemunhu.
- Muli. . Maria-Anttoinette akaunza shangu dzezvemusoro zvekuti aigona kungodzora kuwira pane nzimbe. Gare gare, shangu dzakapona kushandurwa uye dzikashanduka muye Muli - Slippers dzinotsvedza pane imwe chitsitsinho ine shasha, isina kuvharwa zvigunwe.
- Zvakawanda zvekushongedza uye accessories . Yavo - ryush, ruffle, garffle, magumbo emaruva, uta - pakanga paine magedhi mazhinji pamapfekero asina kusimba vakadzi vaiita sevakanaka.
- Maruva anodhinda . Mapepa ari muchimiro chemaruva, mabouquets, zvirimwa zvishongo - zvigadzirwa zveMaria Antoinette. Iwo mavara emupfekero ezvemakwenzi akachinja, asi maruva okudhinda akapinda mufashoni zvachose.