Biography
Mikhail Kalaspikov - Soviet uye Russian Designer, Musiki weKalashnikov muchina, izvo zvinozivikanwa kune vagari venzvimbo dzese.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov akaberekwa munaNovember 10, 1919. Maja Mikhail Timofevich Kalashnikov ndiyo Musha weKury Altai Nzvimbo. Mugadziri akaitika kubva kumhuri hombe, umo vana gumi nemanomwe, asi vanhu 8 chete vakapukunyuka, kusanganisira Mikhail Timofevich. Vabereki vaKalashnikov vaiva varimi.
Timofey AlexandRovich muna 1930 akazivikanwa sechibharo, saka mhuri yakatumirwa kumusha kweiyo yepazasi yeMokhoevaya tomsk dunhu. Semwana, mugadziri wechidiki airatidza kufarira nzira dzehunyanzvi, akadzidza nheyo dzekushanda mashandiro emuchina. Mumakore echikoro, Kalashnikov akaratidza zivo yejometry uye fizikisi, asi zvakare akamupa zvinyorwa.
Chete mushure mekupedza kudzidza, Mikhail Timoovich kuti adzokere ku Altai, asi ini ndakanga ndisingakwanisi kuwana basa mudunhu, saka ndakadzokera kumhuri. Nekuda kwemhuri yechiFist, pakanga pasina kukwanisa kugashira pasipoti kwenguva yakareba Kalashnikov, asi akabva arara chisimbiso chezvemari munharaunda mune gwaro uye gwaro rakange riri mumaoko.
Mikhail zvakare anodzokera kuAltai. Panguva ino, pane wekutanga kujairana nemudziyo wezvombo. Jaya rakakwanisa kuburitsa pistol browning. Kalashnikov akatora makore gumi nemasere, mugadziri anofamba kuenda kuKazakhstan. Iye murume akaroverera kuDepot yechiteshi matura turkestan-Siberia njanji. Mikhail haana kungotaurirana nevanovharira nemachina, asiwo akawana ruzivo nezve nzira yekuyemura kubva paudiki kubvira paudiki.
Muna 1938, Mikhail Timofeevich akaenda kunoshanda muhondo tsvuku. Iyi sevhisi yakaitika munzvimbo yeKiev yakakosha yehondo. Mushure menguva yakati, Kalashnikov akava tangi mutyaira mechanic, mushure meizvozvo mugadziri akaendeswa kune iyo 12th tangi kupatsanurwa. Munguva yekushumirwa mumapoka ehondo tsvuku, Mikhal akagadzira iyo inertial counter yemapfuti kubva kune rimwe tangi pfuti. Zvakare, pakati pekuvandudzwa kwejaya, zvishandiso zvaive zviripo zvekuwedzera kugona kwekupfura kweTT Pistol, iyo tangi yemota mita.
Muna 1942, mudziyo uyu wakatumirwa mukugadzirwa kukuru. Nehurombo, zviito zvehondo zvakadzivirira kuita basa rekuita. About Aya midziyo yeKalaspikov ega inotaurwa nemutungamiriri wenyika yeKiev mauto wedunhu, General yeuto, Georgy zhukov.
Mushure mekukurukurirana, Mikhail Timofeevich anotumirwa kuKiev Tank Tank, kwaanogadzira prototypes uye anoongorora. Gare gare, Kalashnikov anofamba kuenda kuMoscow, uko kunoramba kushandira pamidziyo. Yatove pane leningrad chirimwa. Voroshilova Mikhail ine masters yakagadziridzwa iyo counter.
Mugadziri Mukuru
Munguva yehondo huru yemuchadenga, Kalashninov akagamuchira kukuvara zvakanyanya, saka kwemavhiki akati wandei akabatwa muchipatara, uye mushure mekunge murume atumirwa kuzororo. Ino nguva, mikhail timofeevich, yakatsaurirwa kune yakasikwa yemuchina wepfuti pfuti.Pashure pokunge vamunyamwiswa nemuenzaniso waunoda, Kalashnikov akamutumira kumakwikwi. Admination Commission haina kusangana, sezvo, maererano nehunyanzvi, zvombo zvinodhura uye zvakaoma. Kuti enzanise, pps uye pps yakatorwa. Pasinei neizvi, tarenda remugadziri akaona.
Muna 1942, Mikhail Timoovich anotora sevhisi kune iyo huru Artillery Administration yeRed Hondo. Munhu anonunura zvombo mumapoka evashandisi. Hutungamiri hwakakurumidza kupa Kalashnikov Rwedu Basa: Mugadziri wacho aidikanwa kuti akudziridze chombo, kutora "pakati" Cartridge neCaliber ye7,62x39 mm. Pfuti kana muchina unofanirwa kuve nehombodo yakapfurwa yemamita mazana maviri.
Pamusoro peMikhail Timofeevich, vanogadzira avo vakatove neruzivo mumakwikwi. Kutenda kune ino, kuzvidzora carabiner Simonov akaoneka muuto, muchina wemuchina wepfuti weGigyarev. Kalashnikov's otomaton inomiririra dhizaini yakaoma. Hapana imwe yemasampuji epfuti akasvitsa zvinodiwa nemakwikwi. Iyo yekutanga nhanho yakapera nekugadziridzwa, uye yechipiri - kukunda kwevadiki vechidiki. PaInternet iwe unogona kuona iyo Photo Kalashnikov, uyo anofarira nezvebasa iri.
Mikhail Timofeevich yakanga isingakurumidzi kuita hunyanzvi, uye pfungwa dzinonangwa dzemugadziri haakwanise kunzi. Zvichakadaro, muchina wacho wakagadzirwa kubva kumhando yepamusoro masiketi uye michina yakaedzwa mukuita. Zvombo zvinogona kupfura chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira mushure mekudonha kwemvura, tsvina. Iko hakuna kuoma mukuchenesa nekuparadza.
Kutenda kune magadzirirwo anokurumbira, Kalashnikov muchina unogona kugadzirwa pamidziyo iripo muhuwandu hukuru. Mari yekubhadhara zvombo inozivikanwa yakaderera. Mikhail Timoovich akagadzira otomatiki yemushini kwete semugadziri, asi semusoja akajairwa, izvo zvakakosha kuti chishandiso chiri nyore, chakagadzikana uye chinonzwisisika.
Pana makumi matatu, Mikhail KalasPhnikov akava anokudzwa neStalinist Mubairo. Mugadziri akagamuchira kurongeka kweiyo tsvuku nyeredzi yekuvandudzwa kwakasiyana. Pangozotevera, muchina wacho wakatamiswa mukugadzirwa kweiyo Izhevan Armory Starory Styury. Mugadziri akafamba achienda kuUdmurtia kusvika pakutora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwezvombo. Mikhail Timofeevich anogara achivandudza kugadzirwa.
Kwenguva yakareba, Kalashnhikov akaedza kutanga kugadzirwa, nekuti panguva yekuita kwakawanda kwakawanikwa, kusanganisira mubhokisi remumuviri. Iyo nyanzvi yakachinja tekinoroji, yakamisa sarudzo pamusoro pekugaya, iyo yakakunda kugadzirwa kwemidziyo. Pangangosarudzwa nedambudziko, rakadzokera kune yekutanga pfungwa.
Nenguva isipi pfuti yakagadzira chitsva shanduko yeKm. Kubva panguva ino, michina nemuchina pfuti Kalashnikov akava maoko makuru emucheche emucheche, saSimonov uye Drigyarev uye Drigyarev uye Drignicev naDhitomEV uye Drignicev uye Drigtyarevi Vakasabviswa Kubva Kugadzirwa. Mumakumi manomwe, ivo vakasarudza kutora yakadzika-isina-mail cartridges 5.45x39 mm. Kukwikwidza kwakaziviswa pakati pevatariri. Mikhail Timofeevich akadzingwa zvakare kukunda.
Kudzokera kuma50s, zvombo zveKalashnikov zvakatanga kugoverwa kune vanobatana nesangano reWarsaw chibvumirano, kune dzimwe nyika umo USSR yaive nehukama hushamwari. Asi iyo mutema wechiputi wakasungira mumazuva iwayo, vanhu vazhinji pasi pevavanhu vavanhu vakatanga kutevedzera chisikwa cheMikhaiil timofevich timofeevich.
Makambani ekunze akatora sosi yeKalaspikov otomatiki, asi anokwanisika nezvakangoitika zvavo, izvo zvairatidzwa mukugadzirwa kutsva. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti chombo chakagamuchira zita idzva munyika imwe neimwe, Akiripo. Kalashnikov's automaton inoramba ichizivikanwa uye yakavimbika munyika. AK inogara 15% yeiyo chombo.
Muna 1963, Mikhail Timofeevich akatanga kugadzira rpcs yakagadzirirwa neyekupeta butt neusiku kuona. Panguva imwecheteyo, Kalashnikov akaedza kukudziridza otomatiki pistol ye9x18 cartridges. Asi pfuti haina kukwanisa kukwikwidza ne stechkin. Mikhail Timofevich, Mikhaiil Timfeevich, akatadza kubhadhara huwandu hwakakwana hwekutarisisa uku kukura uku.
Yatova muma1970s, Kalashnikov akaedza nzvimbo itsva yechiitiko - kuvhima kabhoni. Sezvo hwaro hwepfuti akatora muchina wake. Nokukurumidza mushure mekuedzwa, iyo Karabina yakatumirwa kugadzirwa. Muna 1992, tenzi anoumba kuzvidzvara kwekuvhima carabiner "Saiga", yakagadzirirwa nechinhu chaicho.
Hupenyu Hwako
MuBiography of Mikhail Kalashinikov mune michato 2. Mukadzi wekutanga wemurume aive Ekaterina Danilovna Astakhov, uyo akaberekerwa muAltai ndima, mushure mekushanda muchitima chechitima chechitima. Muna 1942, Mwanakomana woVictor akaoneka mumhuri. Gare gare, mikhail timofeevich uye Ekaterina Danilovna akarambana. Iye mukadzi wekare nemwana akaramba ari muKazakhstan. Muna 1956, mukadzi akafa kamwe-kamwe, saka Kalashnikov akapfuura mwanakomana kuIzhevsk.
Mukadzi wechipiri Mikhail Timofeevich akave Ekaterina Votirovna moiseeva. Mukadzi akashanda semuenzaniso wekugadzira. Kubva pamuwanaro wekutanga, mukadzi aive nemwanasikana Nelli. Asi Kalashnikov akatanga musikana.
Gare gare, mhuri yakaonekwa mumhuri - Natalia naElena, iyo yekupedzisira inogara iyo post of President yeruzhinji nheyo yeruzhinji. M. Kalashnikova. Nehurombo, Natalia akafa muzera ramakore rechitatu. Mikhail Timoovich akafamba baba vanofara uye sekuru. Vana vakaratidza vazukuru vashanu: Mikhail, Alexander, evasia naAlexander, Igor.
Rufu
Calaspnikov hutano hwakaonekwa muna 2012. Ruzivo rwechiratidzo rwakataurwa rwakataura kuti iyi ndiyo yaive chikonzero chekutarisira kubva kubasa. MunaDecember wegore rimwe chetero, murume akarapwa muchipatara kuRepublican Clinical uye Diagnostic Center yeUdmurtia yeiyo ongororo yakarongwa. Kumwe kuuraya kwekunyatsove kwakanyorwa muzhizha ra2013. Kuburikidza nendege yeshumiro yemamiriro ekukurumidzira nemidziyo yakakosha, Mikhail Timofeevich yakaunzwa kuMoscow."Panyaya yekuda kuongororwa kwekurapa, vanachiremba vakasarudza kutumira Mikhail Timfeevich kune imwe yekiriniki yemoscow," hushumiri hwemizano emazambirwe akadaro.Vanachiremba vanofamba vachionekwa nepfuti thrombobolism yemuridzi wePulmonary artery. Mukati memavhiki mashoma pamusoro paalashnikov, CorpopelIl Metropolitan vanachiremba. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kugara zvakanaka kwemurume kunatsiridza, mushure mekunge mugadziri akadzokera kumba kuIzhevsk.
MunaNovember, Mikhail Timerovich akanzwa zvakashata, saka iyo yechigumi nemumaitiro yakarapwa muchipatara muDhipatimendi reRepublican uye diagnostic Center yeUdmurtia. Hama dzeKalashnikov dzinotenda kuti mamiriro epfuti akanganisa gadziriro dzemhemberero pachiitiko chegumi nemapfumbamwe emaketari yeMikhail Timerovich Timhafich.
Mukutanga kwaZvita, Kalashnikov akaitisa mashandiro emergency, asi kupindira kwekuvhiya kwakawedzera nyika yevakawedzera. Mushure memwedzi, kuvandudzwa kunooneka hakuna kucherechedza vanachiremba. Mazuva mashoma kufa kwepfuti kuchinjirwa kuhutachiona kwekuchengetedza nekuda kwekubuda ropa gastric. Rufu rwaMikhaiil rimofeevich rakazivikanwa musi waDecember 23.
Farewell to Mikhail Kalashnhnikov akaitika musi waDecember 25 na 26, uye Panod zvakaitika muHoly Mikhalovsky Cathedral of Izhevsk. Nezve kufa kwemugadziri muUdmurtia, kuchema pamirairo yemusoro wenzvimbo yacho yakaziviswa. Kalashnikov's Mariro akaitwa muPntheon yeMagamba eMubatanidzwa wemauto eChirangaridzo.
Pamhemberero yekuviga, vatungamiriri uye vanhu vakuru veHurumende, kusanganisira Vladimir Putin uye Sergei shogu, Andrei Volov uye Sergey Ivanov, Denis Mantur, aivapo pamhemberero yekuviga. Canyolences yakataura Sergey Chezi General Director yeNyika Company Rossech. Chimiro cheMikhail Kalasphiv akaoneka pamhete yebindu muMoscow. Mugadziri weiyo chombo chakagadzirwa chakapihwa menduru "nyeredzi nyeredzi" uye "jeko uye nyundo".
Ndangariro
Mukurangarira iyo huru muvambi, yakawanda yehunyanzvi uye zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvakapfurwa. Imwe yemafirimu anopenya - "kalashnikov", yakabudiswa muna 2020. Basa reMikhail Timofeevich rakatamba mutambi Yuri Borisov.
Zvigadzirwa
- Inertial counter shots yetizi pfuti
- Ak-47
- Manual Machine Pfuti Kalashnikov
- Machine pfuti kalashnikov
- Kalashnikov Machine 100 Series
- Kuzvidzora Kuvhima Carbine "Saiga"
- Otomatiki pfuti Kalashnikov
Mubairo
- 1946 - Medal "kukunda kweGerman muhondo huru yeNyika 1941-1945"
- 1947 - kurongeka kweiyo October Revolution
- 1949 - Red Star Order
- 1958, 1969, 1976 - kurongeka kwe lenin
- 1958, 1976 - Gamba reVashandi veSocialist
- 1958, 1976 - Medal "jeko uye nyundo"
- 1975 - kurongeka kwemabhanyi akatsvuka
- 1982 - Kurongeka kweHushamwari hweVanhu
- 1985 - Kurongeka kweHondo yePatriotic i degree
- 1993 - Zhukov Medal
- 1994 - kuraira "kwebasa kune baba" II degree
- 1998 - Kurongeka kweMupostori Mutsvene Andrei akadana
- 2004 - Kurongeka "kuyanana kwemauto"
- 2009 - Gamba reRussia Federation
- 2009 - menduru "nyeredzi nyeredzi"