Biography
Jean-Batist Pette - French Comedised Xvii Century, Musiki weClassic Comedy uyo akawana mukurumbira pasi peiyo pseaudomonym inotyisa. Jean-Barist Plen akaberekwa muna Ndira 15, 1622, muguta guru reFrance - Paris.
Musoro wemhuri, jean prente, uye vatambi veSanta vaive vapfuri. Kutaura nenyaya yekuti baba vemunyori vakazvitengera pachezvake parahere yeumambo uye mambo Camediner, akange asina matambudziko nemari. Amai, Marie Cress, vakafa kubva kuTberculosis muhudiki hwake.
Zvemumujee jean akaona mukutanga kwekutanga kwehutsivi rehofisi yedare uye akawana mambo kuchengetedzeka nzvimbo yake kwaari. Sezvo nyaya iyi yaisada dzidzo yakakosha, Jean-Barist makore gumi nemana akadzidza kuverenga kuverenga nekunyora. Nekudaro, sekuru vakatamanikidza kuti muzukuru wakapihwa kumucheto wechigadziko Jesusit.
Panguva iyoyo yaive nzvimbo yakanakisa yedzidzo muParis, mumitauro yekare yakadzidziswa, masainzi echinyakare, uzivi, pamwe nemabhuku eLatin. Kuziva uku kwemunyori wepamberi kweiyo comedy ye "mhosva" yaive yakakwana kuverenga muLopart uye kutungamira uye kuita dudziro yenhetembo Lucretsia "pane chimiro chezvinhu".
Akagamuchira diploma yemudzidzisi ane kodzero yekudzidzisa. Kubva kuBiography yemunyori, zvinozivikanwa kuti muhupenyu hwake vakapindawo chiitiko chekutaura mudare segweta. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kana gweta kana de-dhayeti cooler moliere yakava.
Kurega kuregedza kodzero yekuenda kune chinzvimbo chekubatirana uye kutora chikamu chake kubva kunhaka yehama, akaenderera mberi nekuva mutambi anoshungurudza uye akatanga kugona kugona kwenyunyei. Munguva iyoyo ingangodaro, iyo yemitambo yakabva mumigwagwa kubva mumigwagwa yedzimba dzakasarudzika, dzakatsanangurwa dzevaraidzo dzevaridzi veAristocats, dzidziso dzevaAristing yemapurazi mukuda kwemabhuku akakwira.
Mabhuku
Pamwe chete nevatambi vakati wandei, Jean-Baptiste akasika budiriro yake, anonzi "brilliant", akazvitora muchezvi momiere uye akatanga kuzviedza mumabasa okushungurudzika. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti "mutoro wetsiva" wakararama kwenguva yakareba, pasina kugadzirira kukwikwidzana neye nyanzvi yePurisian troupes. Vanonyanya kuenderera mberi vanofarira pamwe chete neyeMoleere vakasarudza kuedza mufaro mudunhu.
Munguva yekufamba kwemakore makumi matatu okukura muFrance (166-1658), Molere akadzedzerwa kubva mukunetsana kuComdian, sezvo zvaive chaizvo zviitiko zvekutungamira zvino kune veruzhinji. Uye zvakare, kukosha kwekugara uchivandudza iyo Repertoire yakamanikidza iyo moliere kutora peni kuitira kuti unyore mitambo. Saka, Jean-Baptiste, uyo airota achitamba mavara makuru mumitambo, aibatanidzwa mune comediograph.
Iyo yekutanga yekutanga kutamba kweMoliere yakave iyo comedy "inoshamisa zhemmifnits", yakaiswa muParis munaNovember 1659. Kubudirira kwaive kushamisika uye kushamisika. Ipapo kwakauya "chikoro chevarume" (1661 makore) - nezve maitiro ekudzidzisa vasikana vadiki, uye basa re "chikoro chevakadzi" (1662). Iyo inotevera comedies ndeye "Tartuf, kana munyengeri" (1664), "Don Juan, kana muenzi wetombo" (1665) uye mishenthrop (1666) - anoonekwa semapepa ezvekusika kwaMolere.
Mumufananidzo wevakanyanya mavara ebasa, nzira nhatu dzepasi rose-dzinotaurwa: Symyatosh Tartuf, anotenda kuti zvivi zvemunhu zvinokatyamadza, Dong Zong Zhuan Zhuan, anokatyamara matenga nekufa Pasi penzvimbo yeruoko rwevaenzi ruoko, pamwe nekudyidzana, kusaziva zvakaipa zvake uye kushaya simba.
Aya ese matatu matatu ekuteedzera kuti aimbove nekunyora kuverenga, akamuunzira imwe dambudziko muhupenyu. "Tartuf" mushure mekutanga zvigadzirwa zvakarambidzwa nekuda kwekuti vatendi vakaona kurwiswa kuchechi mukukwira kwehunyengeri hwechitendero che tartuf.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti Bhishopi weParishi akatotyisidzira famba yake kubva kuchechi kune chero kuedza kujaira komedhiti, uye vevapristi vashoma uye vakapihwa marudzi eswi-munyori wekupisa pamoto. Kunyangwe mambo anogona kupindira mune iyi nyaya, achisarudza kuchengetedza molyreni yeakavanzika. Komedhiti haina kuoneka pane zviwanikwa kwemakore mashanu kusvika zvavakatangwa zveveruzhinji zvaive zvishoma.
"Misantthropa" vateereri havana kugamuchirawo. MuAlsesta, vateereri vakaona kuratidzwa kwemweya wakasarudzika weMweya wemunyori iye amene, uyo akarangwa negamba guru. Zvikonzero zveizvi zvaive. Iyo Moliere panguva iyoyo yakauya iyo dema bhendi muhupenyu. Pasina mupenyu uye gore, Mwanakomana wake akafa, uye neAMADA, uyo akapinda mutariri wemitambo uye nekutanga faniso uye kukunda kwakatanga.
"Don Juan" akanyorwa naJean-Barist mushure mezambiranwa "Tartuf" yekufudza troupe, asi nyaya isingafadzi yakaitika kwaari. Mushure mekutarisa kwegumi nemashanu, kunyangwe budiriro yekukasira paruzhinji, kutamba kusingatarisirwi kunonyangarika kubva pachikuva.
Mushure mekunge Tarteruf, iyo Moliere yakakonzera kuwanda kubva pakurongeka kwechiJesene uye, pamwe, pano zvimwe hazvina kudhura pasina kupindira kwake. Mambo kuti aponese Theatre yemitambo, akamurera muchinzvimbo, achipa zita "vatambi vemambo", uye troupe yakatanga kubhadhara muhoro kubva kuchivigiro.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kuoneka kwekusimudzira kweMoliere (inonzi "gadziriro" yakawedzera kushanduka-tsika, iyo goethethe yainzi "inoyevedza", yakapihwa panguva iyoyo, kutyora kwetsika.
Yese Moliere akasiya makumi matatu nematatu akanyorwa pachiitiko cheMitambo yedare - Princess Elida (1664), "Mr. Devsoniak" (1669), "Vanoda" (1670).
Zvimwe zvisikwa ndezvemhando yeimba yemhuri, se "George Danden, kana murume akaoma", kuroora kana kuroorwa "," Spupoe "," Prompnie Skapen "," masayendisiti vakadzi. " Iyo yazvino inoshanda mabasa eMoliere - "Motorman mune zororo" (1670) uye "mnimy murwere" (1673) akanyorwa semabhaki evarume.
Hupenyu Hwako
Yokutanga uye chete mukadzi weMoliere akava hanzvadzi yeaimbova mistress madeleine verchar - Armand, uyo aive mudiki pane mutambi wekutamba. Mitauro yakaipa yakanetsana kuti machira haasi hanzvadzi haazi hanzvadzi, asi mukunda waMakeleine, uye akashora "unzenza" hwaJean-batista, uyo akamutora mukadzi wemwana wake.
Maererano nenhandare yeMemoiridzi wevanhu vakararama, sezvinowanzoitika kune vanyori venyama yemhando yepamusoro, Molere akada kunyungudutswa, akarambana nyore nyore uye kazhinji ane godo revasanangurwa. Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti wanano yemubatanidzwa wechiitiko chechiitiko chave kutopinda kuchembera, uye naAruye vaive vadiki, vakanaka uye vakasununguka.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, iyi nyaya iri nyore yakawedzerwa nekuita makuhwa uye nemazita ekubuda. Zvese zvakaguma namambo. Louis XIV, iyo panguva iyoyo yaive murudo naMademoiselle Louise de lavalier, uye nokudaro vane rupo uye rakakura mumeso ake.
Iyo autocratch yakatora pasi pekudzivirira kwemutengo wevaNolnodumman uye, mukuwedzera, akabvuma kuva baba vematangwe ekutara uye anokudzwa kupfuura chero chirevo cheMusiki. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mwanakomana wemunyori akafa gore mushure mekuzvarwa.
Rufu
Mitemo mikuru mumitambo yemitambo yavo yemitambo yeTroupe Molere inosarudza kuzviitira, isingavimbe navo nevamwe vatambi. Pazuva rake rekupedzisira rehupenyu, Kukadzi 17, 1673, Jean-Barist akaendawo kuchikamu kuti aridze nguva yechina mu "murwere ekufungidzira". Panguva chaiyo panguva yekutamba, mutambo wacho waita zvakaipa. Hama dzaifamba ichikosora imba yemunyori yekumunyora, kwaakafira mune maawa mashoma.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti Bhishopi weParis akatanga kurambidza Horon Kutanga, sezvo muimbi aive mutadzi mukuru uye aifanira kutendeuka asati afa. Gadzirisa mamiriro emambo Louis xiv.
Mhemberero yekuviga yeiyo yakakurumbira comeograph yakaitika usiku. Guva rakanga riri kuseri kwefenzi yemakuva eChechi yeSt. Joseph, idzo tsika dzekuzviuraya uye dzisina kugadziriswa vana vakavigwa. Gare gare, zvakasara zveJean-batista moliere akaiswa kunze nehurefu hombe uye chipfuyo. Per-lashiness yemakuva. Nhaka yekugadzira yemuvambi yemutungamiriri yakachengetedzwa mumabhuku iine musangano wemabasa ayo akanaka kwazvo.
Muna 2007, Director Laurent Tirar akabvisa iyo firimu "inotyisa", zvichienderana nenyaya yeiyo nyaya yehupenyu hwaJean-batista misasa. Uyezve, panguva dzakasiyana, mabasa akadaro emunyori, se "masha", tarteruf, kana munyengeri "," Chikoro chevakadzi "uye" Don Juan, kana dombo repizi "rakanangana nemabwe.
MunaSeptember 2017, iyo yekutanga yemitambo ye "zviroto zveMr. De Moliere" yakaitwa kuChidimbu The Plaater pane Play Mikhail Bulgakov "Kabala Svyatosh", YaMunun'una Waive adzoka muna Chikunguru. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Jean-Batista akatamba Actor Igor Mirkurabanev.
BHAIBHERI
- 1636 - "LED"
- 1660 - "Sgggaryl, kana fungidziro yekufungidzira"
- 1662 - "Chikoro chevakadzi"
- 1664 - "Tartuf, kana Munyengeri"
- 1665 - "Don Juan, kana Dombo Pier"
- 1666 - "Misantthrop"
- 1666 - "George erdenen, kana murume akanyengedza"
- 1669 - "Mr. De Teveraiak"
- 1670 - "Vazhinji veKudzinga"
- 1671 - "Prints of Skapane"
- 1673 - "Mnimy Patient"