Biography
Maria Magdalina Jesu Kristu, anotaurwa nezvake sezvazvakaita muCatholic uye muOrthodoxy nePurotesitendi. Mazita ayo anonzi masimbi evakadzi vakawa, mufananidzo wemutadzi wakanaka unozivikanwa nahwo, uye minyengetero yakaziviswa nayo, uye minyengetero yemagadalene icon inopa kuzvininipisa, ushingi, rubatsiro mukushusha uye mvumo yezvinangwa. Maria anofungidzirwa kuti akafungidzirwa kuti vashandi vezvemagariro, vaparidzi uye vadzidzisi. Zvakare, Maria Magdalene yaive chinhu chaunofarira pakati pevaimbi veRenaissance.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Biography of Magdalene izere nezviratidzo uye zvakavanzika, nekuti chete sosi inoratidza chokwadi chehupenyu hwekutevedzerwa kwaJesu Kristu ndiye rugwaro rweevhangeri rugwaro rweevhangeri. Naizvozvo, simbisa kana kuramba kuti Mary Magdalene munhu wenhoroondo, vaGibifers uye masayendisiti haakwanisi.
Iko hakuna ruzivo chero upi zvake nezvehudiki nehudiki hweiyo heroine. Zita rechitsigiro rwaMesiya rinotaurwa mune zvimwe zvinyorwa - muEvhangeri yaRuka, uko, kana ichiverengera hupenyu hweMwanakomana waMwari, kurapwa kunoshamisa kunonzi kunobva kumadhimoni, uye mune mamwe manyoro matatu - Johani, Matthew uye Maka - zita remukadzi rinogona kuwanikwa muzvinhu zvinoverengeka.
Kuenzaniswa Maria Magdalene Guta reIsrael reMagdala, riri pamhenderekedzo yeGenniset Lake, iyo kuchamhembe kweiyo nzvimbo inoyera.
Imhurii yemhuri yakakura uye yakarera Maria, uye nevabereki vake chaivapo nevabereki vake, riripo dzekufungidzira, nekuti magwaro akanyarara nezvazvo. Kunyangwe vekumadokero kweEuropean veEuropean vanoti vabereki vake vanonzi Changamire uye Euchariya, asi zvimwe zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti Magadalena yaive nherera uye yakashanda pamusika.
Zvakakodzera kuteerera zita remudzidzi waJesu Kristu. Maria anouya kubva kumutauro wechiHebheru, uye tsika dzechiKristu dzinodudzira zita iri se "Madam." Maererano nepfungwa dzeBhaibheri dzeBhaibheri, amai vaJesu Kristu vakadanwa, mukuremekedza vamwe vamwewo vechiKristu vakadaidzwa. Uye zita rekuti Magdalene rine midzi yenzvimbo uye rinoreva "norivhi yeguta reMigdal-El".
TOPYISSM yakanyorwa chaizvo se "shongwe", uye pane zvikonzero zvayo. Icho chokwadi icho mumazera epakati, izvi zvivakwa zvaive chiratidzo chekunyepedzera, uye, izvi, mumvuri uyu wakanaka wacho wakaendeswa kune hunhu hwemagdalene, hwakawanikwa nehunhu hwehurumende.
Asi pane kumwe kufunga kunetsekana nezita rakaenzana nemhandara yeVapostora: Muchitendero chemuvambi muTalmuda pane chirevo "Magedalla", icho chinoshandurudza kubva muchiHebheru chinoreva "bvudzi bvudzi".
Musangano waJesu Kristu
Zvichienderana neMagwaro Matsvene, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti musangano wekutanga waJesu Kristu naMaria Magadalena zvakaitika muimba yomuFariya Simon, mune Muponesi aive aziya. MIROPOMANZISSA IS Saramrement Inomutendi kuti mutendi, pamwe chete neakanyanya kubheka butter butter, vanoendeswa kune zvipo zveMweya Mutsvene.
Zvinoenderana nengano, mukadzi akauya kuna Kristu akadiridza musoro waJesu kubva mudziyo weLavastast, uye tsoka dzake nemisodzi nemusoro wake. Kutonga neEvhangeri ina, vadzidzi vaJesu havana kugadzikana nenyaya yekuti muenzi ari kuuya akange apedza nemafuta anodhura anogona kutengeswa, uye akaisanazve mari kune varombo. Zvakare, vaFarhi akataura kuti mutadzi akabaya Kristu aive mutadzi, asi Jesu, achienzanisa zvisirizvo zvaSimon uye kuedza kwaMariya, akati:
"Naizvozvo, ndinoti kwauri: Zvivi zvinoregererwa pamwe naye vazhinji nekuda kwekudikanwa nemijenya, uye izvo zvarinotaura zvishoma, anoda zvishoma. Iye akati: Vanoti zvivi zvakanaka. "Asi vamwe vanoratidza kuti Magadalena uye musangano waJesu zvakaitika pakutanga kweimba yaSimoni. Kristu akataura kuti aive "aidiwa zvikuru," ndiko kuti, saka, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti Mariya aive pakati paMesia akatevera aMesi Jerusarema. Mushure mekuregererwa kweMagdharini, akatanga kuverenga kubva kuna Kristu mudzidzi wepamusoro, asi Maria aive asiri pakati pevaapositori gumi nevaviri mumufananidzo "Chakavanzika cheChirairo".
Magdhalene akatanga kutevera Kristu, achimubatira uye achigovera nhaka yake, uye Mesia akavimba nemukadzi uyu, nekuda kweizvo Magtaalena akaodza mwoyo vasingafarire vadzidzi vaKristu avo vaida kubvisa mhandara kubva mumagariro.
Maererano nengano, mukadzi uyu ndiye ega asina kusiya Muponesi pavakange vasungwa, apo Peter, akavimbika kwazvo vevaapositori, akarwisa mutungamiri wake mushure mekupera kwevasungwa.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti Maria Magdalina aivepo pakuurayiwa kwaJesu Kristu pamwe naamai vake, hanzvadzi yaAmai naMaria Closepova. Kutevedzana kwemwanakomana waMwari kwakange kwakamira pedyo naKristu, kukamura kutambudzika kukuru kwemhandara yemhandara. Kana mwoyo woMupurisa wakamira kurwa, Maria akachema Muponesi, akaperekedza muviri waJesu kubhokisi rakavezwa naJoseph.
Mabhuku eByzantine anoratidza kuti mushure mekurovererwa kwaMaria Magadalena, pamwe naamai vaMwari, vakaenda kuguta rekare reEfeso, kuna Jogoslov, uye vakamubatsira mumabasa. Nenzira, iri vhangeri raJohani rine ruzivo rwakawanda nezvehupenyu hwaMagdalene.
Maererano nengano, Maria Magdalene akadzoka pazuva mushure mekufa kwaKristu mubako iro kuratidza kuzvipira kwake kuMuponesi, asina kukwana muviri wake neoiri inonhuhwirira nenyika. Asi mumwe weboka raJesu paakasvika kugomo, akawana kuti ibwe rinovhara musuwo webako raigona kushandurwa kubva panzvimbo, uye bako iro risina chinhu.
Maria yekuda paGomo akaenda kuna Johane naPetro, kuti vataure nezvechokwadi icho chitunha chaMesia chakanyangarika kubva kunzvimbo yekuviga. Ipapo vaapositori pamwechete naMagdalina vakaendazve kusuwa dombo, vakaona kuti bako rakanga risina chinhu. Vadzidzi vaKristu vari muGratto vakasiya grotto, apo Maria akaramba ari padyo nekobhu, achichema uye achiedza kunzwisisa chikonzero chekunyangarika chaJesu Kristu.
Maria Magadalena akasimudza maziso ake akabvunza uye akaona kuti vatumwa vaviri vakagara pamberi pake. Pavakabvunza nezve chikonzero chekutambudzika kwemhandara isina kugadzikana, akapindura kuti akatambudzwa neasina kusingazivikanwe. Ipapo mukadzi akamuka akaona Jesu Kristu, waangabvuma pakutanga kuti murimi uye akakumbira kuti azoratidza kuti ipo yemudzidzisi. Asi kana iye achangobva kuendesa zita rake, akaziva Mwanakomana waMwari uye akamhanyira kutsoka dzake. Zvichienderana nemaoko evaevangeri, Jesu akapindura kudaro Mary kuti:
"Usandibata, nekuti ndakanga ndisingaendi kuna baba vangu; Uye enda kuhama dzangu uvaudze kuti: "Ndinowedzera kuna baba vako kuna baba vako nababa vako, naMwari naMwari naMwari."Tevere, Jesu akarayira Magdalina kuti audze nhau dzeapostora nezvekumuka kwake.
Chikirisitu
Maererano nengano dzeBhaibheri, mhandara mhandara yakatanga kutevedzana kubva kumweya yakaipa uye kupfidza tsika dzechiKristu kwakatanga zano rekuti Maria Magdalene akakuvara zvikuru uye mutadzi.
Kuzivikanwa kwakadaro kwaMariya nemukadzi akasarudzika asina zita, achiwona mutsika yevaKaturike, asi kutevedzana kwa Kristu hakuna kutaurwa muna Misii, kana mumatare ake. Saka, muCatholic weMagdalena anotaridzika kutaridzika kweaimbove anokuvadza, uye kupanduka kweItaly titia kunokwanisa kuendesa manzwiro emukadzi mumufananidzo wake "Anokambaira Maria Magdalene."
Maererano neCatholic, Maria Magdalene aive mumiriri webasa rekare, uye kusangana neMwanakomana waMwari, akaramba hunyanzvi hwake uye akatanga kutevedzana.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti magwaro eOrthodox chete anongotaura nezve kushamiswa kweMagadalene madhimoni, achiramba zvakapfuura. Asi hupenyu hwaMariya hwaishungurudza, nekuti virgo havana kuroora uye vasina vana. Mumazuva iwayo, vakadzi vakadaro vairatidza kufungidzira, uye kuzvidzivirira kubva mumachira evarume, Maria aifanira kunyepedzera kuve nekufungidzirwa.
Mune tsika yeOrthodox, Maria Magdalene anoonekwa seyakaenzana mutsa weMetronine (muPurotesitendi - chete seMhronine Moronine). Akaita mupiro unoratidzira kumharidzo. Maria anoparadzira nhau nezvaJesu muItari uye akamboshanyira mutungamiri wechihedheni waTibheria.
Mukadzi wacho akawedzera zai sehuku sechipo chekushaiwa kwechimwe chinhu, ndokuti "Kristu akamuka!". Tibheriyo akataura kuti rumuko rwusingabviriwo, senzira yekuti zai rakapihwa richava mutsvuku. Nekudaro, zai raive reropa-red. Saka tsika dzeIsita dzakazvarwa.
Zvinotendwa kuti katuro yaKristu yakashanda zvakawanda kuRoma, sezvinoonekwa nebhuku reTestamente Itsva, umo magedhi eiyo tsamba muAprol.
Kana iri yeCatholic, zvinonzi chikamu chechipiri chehupenyu hwaMariya Magadalene mugwenga, uko mararamiro ezvekushandisa kweascetti, kwaiitwa zuva rega rega rakamhanyira kuzvitadzo. Zvipfeko zvoMhandara mhandara dzakatengwa, saka kufambidzana kwemukadzi akafukidza bvudzi refu, uye vatumwa vakakwira kudenga kuti vamuporese muviri wake wakaneta. Asi zvakakodzera kuti zano iri rakakweretwa kubva pakurondedzerwa kweGenesi weGibheni weChristian St. Mariya weIjipita, uyo anoonekwa sepaimba yevakadzi vane hunyanzvi.
Rudo zvirevo
Hupenyu hwaMariya Magadalena hwakafukidzwa munhoroondo yehungwaru, saka hazvishamise kuti kutaura kwakasiyana-siyana kwerudo pamusoro pevagari vevaapostora vakaenzana vari kubuda pakati pevanyori venhoroondo. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanotenda kuti Maria Magdalene aive mukadzi waJohani, nepo vamwe vachivimba kuti mukadzi waJesu Kristu, nekuti mukadzi uyu anoita basa rakakosha muchikamu chakakosha kwazvo cheTestamente Itsva.
Sezvo vamiriri vekereke vakaedza kubvisa mabhuku asiri emabhuku, anodiwa naJesu, hapana fungidziro yekuti mitsetse yeupenyu hwemhuri muTestamente Itsva yakatemwa kunyanya.
Asi masayendisiti mazhinji anofarira kufarirwa naMagdalene. Chiitiko ichi chiri chiratidzo muVhangeri apo vadzidzi veMwanakomana waMwari vakadzingwa kuna Jesu kuna Magadalena nekuda kwekutsvoda pamiromo.
Zvakare mumazuva iwayo, mukadzi asina kuroora aive asina kodzero yekuperekedza vadzungairi munzira, kusiyana nemukadzi weumwe wavo. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, masayendisiti anoreva chokwadi chekuti mushure mekumuka, Kristu akauya kuna Maria, uye kwete kuvadzidzi vake. Uye kunze kweizvozvo, varume vasina kuwanikwa vakaroora vaionekwa sechiitiko chinoshamisa, saka chisingadzorerwe Jesu aisakwanisa kuve muporofita uye mudzidzisi.
Rufu
MuOrthodoxy, Maria Magadalen akafa akanyarara uye akanyarara, mumwe mukadzi akafa muEfeso, uye zvimedu zvakaendeswa kuKonsintery Monastery yeSoint Lazar.
Maererano nerimwe bazi rekosi yechiKristu, panguva iyoyo apo Maria aive mukuru mugwenga, mupristi wake akafamba achipinda mumicheto iyoyo, uyo akatanga kunyara nemaonero asina kushayirwa nemukadzi. Maererano neCatholic, zvakasara zvevakaenzana neVapostori venhaka vanochengetwa mutembere yeSanta-Maximin-La Saint-BOM, In Provence.
Mukurangarira Maria Magdalene, pendi zhinji dzakanaka dzaive dzakanyorwa uye dzakarongedzwa mafirimu. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti pamatamba, mudzidzi waKristu anoratidzwa mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakanyanya zvisingawanzoitika, nepo kazhinji zvingaonekwa mumufananidzo wemuMoronine, nemudziyo wezvinonhuwira.
Ndangariro
- 1565 - Painting "Crawling Maria Magdalene" (Titia)
- 1861 - Nhetembo "Maria Magdalina" (Nikolay Ogarov)
- 1923 - Kutenderera kweMagdalene nhetembo (Marina Tsvetaeva)
- 1970 - Dombo Opera "Jesu Kristu Super Star" (Andrew Lloyd Weber)
- 1985 - Maria Magdalena Kuona (Sandra)
- 2017 - Mary Magdalene Firimu (Garth Davis)