Biography
Napoleon akataura kuti zvirokwazvo aizove akafunga nezvePascis neSenator, Shumba tolstoy akamudaidza kuti ane moyo mikuru, uye Ivan turven akayemura ukuru hwesesayenzi uyu. Iye muFrench akaita zviito zvakave zvakakosha kwechizvarwa chinotevera: Pascal akamira munzvimbo dzevatambi, airatidza kuvapo kwekumanikidzwa kwemweya uye akauya nemushini wechidimbu wave prototype yeCalculator.
Vamwe vanoshandiswa kuona mufananidzo wePascrait muzvinyorwa muzvinyorwa mumasvomhu uye fizikisi, zvisinei, meno akarangarira zvakare zvakanyorwa neFirosofi, ayo ari mutoro weAphhorisms uye makotesheni anehungwaru.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Masayendisiti, gore rekuzvarwa ripi zuva rakadzokororwa June 19, 1623, rakazvarwa mune imwe nzvimbo kumaodzanyemba kwezasi kweFrance, muguta reClermont-Flirend. Ramangwana remasvomhu rakakura uye rakarererwa mumhuri yakakura (mapasita aive nevana vatatu), izvo zvaive zvevatungamiriri vechikepe.
Mukuru mukuru wechikuru mumba, akashanda nesimba reDhipatimendi reDhipatimendi, uye mukadzi wake Antine naReyon, mwanasikana waSeresha, akatungamira imba uye akatenda zvikuru uye mukadzi akanaka uye mukadzi akanaka uye mukadzi akanaka.
Iye mukomana paaive nemakore matatu, amai vake vakafa nekuda kwechirwere, saka splashes yakakura uye yakauya nababa vake. Etienne, akadzingurazve mumasvomhu uye akagadzira musungo wesango rePascal, akapa dzidzo yekumba kuvana vake, izvo zvakatanga kuratidza kuda kuziva kubva paudiki.
Inotaridzwa nemwana ane chipo, saka kuverenga kwezve mabhuku uye kuziva kwesainzi kwakapihwa iye pasina kuoma zvakanyanya. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti iyo Biography yePascums yePascal inoyeuchidza makore ekutanga eLabitsa. Blaze akatsvaga kudzidza mabhuku evazhinji vekare uye vanyori venhoroondo, asi baba vake vanoomerera pakufunga kuti maitiro ekudzidza anofanira kuenderana nezera remukomana.
Saka, mumhando yechipongwa chekudzidza chaEtienne chaive chekuziva mitauro yekare pazera rekare pazera ramakore gumi nemaviri, uye mushure memakore matatu zvakatanga kudzidza masvomhu, asi mukomana wacho anga asingazivi zvekutanga zveQueens yesainzi. Naizvozvo, patafura yekudyira, iyo passcal yaigara ichikumbira kuna baba vake nezvekuwedzera uye nekunyora kwenhamba, asi Etienne akatenda kuti shungu dzemasvomhu mumatare emutauro wechiLatin.
Pane imwe nguva, iyo brier yakabvunza mubereki wake, iyo geometry yaive, uye akatsanangura kuti iyi inzira yekukwevera nhamba yakakodzera uye kuwana chikamu pakati pavo. ZvePascal zvakafadzwa nemhinduro pfupi, Pascal akatora marasha uye akatanga kukwevera makona, matenderekedzerwa pasi, achidana mutsara "uye denderedzwa" uye denderedzwa "rin'i".
Mudiki Pascal akaedza kutsvaga tsananguro kunyange kune zvakajairika, semuenzaniso, panguva yekudya kwemasikati, mumwe munhu akabata patafura pasi petafura yemwoyo marara, anodaro kurira kwakanzwika. Mukomana ane makore gumi nerimwe paakabata chigunwe chake mundiro, ruzha rwacho rwanyangarika. Akakwidzwa Pascal akaedza kutsanangura izvi zvisingazivikanwe maitiro, semhedzisiro iyo "kurapa kwe" kurira "kwakamuka.
"Jaya racho raive nemakore gumi nematanhatu, iye, kunyangwe achirambidza hurukuro dzemasvomhu veFrance uye neTheorist ane hushamwari neAren Mersienna, Torricelli, Gassendi uye mamwe masayendisiti, maiva nemamwe masayendisiti 78 mazita pakati penzvimbo dzake dzakapoteredza. Haana kungotumira chete pasita chete pamubhedha chaiye, asiwo madhawa nepurazi.
Zvigadzirwa nezviwanikwa
Munguva yemaminas, Pascal akaziviswa neGeometer Dzarg uye akatanga kudzidza mabasa ake. Manyoro eDzarga zvakanyorwa mumutauro wakaoma, saka splashes, kudhirowa mazano uye kukurudziro kubva mumapepa ake esainzi, akasungirirwa pamasvomhu mafomu akarerutswa.
Kupfuurirazve, jaya rakura rine makore 17 rakaitika mumuchina wenhau. Iyo yechitatu lemma yebasa iri ndiyo iyo Pascal Theorem, iyo inobatsira kuvaka chikamu che canonical yezvinhu zvishanu.
Munguva yechando yegore rimwe chando, Pascal akatamira kuguta guru reanonyany - rouen. Muguta rino, pascal-Senior akashanda mune yakakosha, achigadzira kuverenga uye monotonous kuverenga muColumn. Blaze akatsvaga kurerutsa basa raBaba, nekuda kweizvozvo aive nezano pamusoro pekugadzira muchina wekupfupisa.
Patova muna 1642, zororo rakange raiita mukuvandudzwa kwechishamiso chishamiso. Its a arithmeter yakagadzirwa pane iyo yekare mutero yakataridzika kunge bhokisi rine akawanda maGears uye akabvumidzwa kuverenga nenhamba nhanhatu, uye kuverenga kwakaitwa mumhando yemotokari.
Nekudaro, kugadzirwa kwePascal hakuna kuunza mafuro ekuremekedza kuMusiki wayo. Mumazuva iwayo muFrance, kuverenga mutero kwakaitwa mumakwenzi, say zuva, saka kushandiswa kwemushini ane system ye calculus chete kuomesa maitiro aya, kunyangwe Pascal akaedza kuvandudza kusikwa kwake kwemakore gumi.
Asi kuwanikwa kwePascal kwakava kiyi kune dzimwe dzesainzi mapepa: Pakupera kweiyo Xvi naCezanna neParmesan, uye muna 1820 Carnical Calculator, iyo yakaunza hupfumi kune Musiki wake - Charlem xavier Tom de Colmar.
Pakupera kwa 1646, kupenya pascal, kwakadzidza nezve chubhu, kwakagadzirwa torrichelli, kwakatanga kupindira mune fizikisi. Vesayenzi vakatanga kuisa kuyedza, vachiratidza kuti hypottle kuti hypothleis nezve "kutya kusakwana" kune miganhu. Iro reItaly tortice torrice kwakaziviswa nebhubhu akazadzwa necube kuti aratidze kuvapo kwekumanikidzwa kwemweya, uye akauya nemhedzisiro inoumbwa inoumbwa muhubhu yakavharwa muMercury.
Blaze akachinja kuyedza uku uye akagumisa kuti chikamu chepamusoro chehubhu hachina kuzadzwa neakarukana kemikari, kana chimwe chinhu kana chimwe chinhu. Mhedzisiro yavo yebasa rebasa yakabudiswa muchidimbu "muyedzo mutsva wekuedza zvine musoro", wakatsvakwa kugumisa kuti chigamba chine chepfu chesimbi chinoitwa nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo.
Mukuwedzera, kupururudza Pascal kwakaburitsa zvinyorwa zveManyoro "(1653), vakaumba pfungwa yeiyo Hydraulic Press uye yakasimbisa mutemo we hydlostics, kuramba dzidziso dzemuzivi wekare wechiGiriki.
Muna 1651, Pascal akafa baba, uye hanzvadzi yake Jacqueline, umo akawana shamwari, akataura zvakanaka kuupenyu hwenyika uye akaenda kumamongi. Kuti vatsause kubva kumatambudziko ekuve, magurovhosi akatanga kuratidzika kazhinji munharaunda, uye muna 1652 akagamuchira kuzivikanwa nekubwinya, achiratidzira muchina wake weSweden worudzi rweSweden.
Kubudirira kwakaita kuti pascal yekufarira mune zvimwe zviitiko zvesainzi, kubwinya uye nehupenyu hwenyika. Masayendisiti aigara ari muungano yeshamwari dzake uye akatamba kubhejera. Kuona mutambo mune pfupa, Pascal nePurazi kwakaiswa nheyo dzepfungwa dzepfungwa, nekuda kwekuti vaenzi vakafarikanya kuverenga izvi vakanyora chinyorwa "pakuunganidzwa mukubhejera" (1657).
Uzivi
Blaze Passcal akasiya trace munhoroondo semasvomhu uye pwere, asi vashoma vanhu vanoziva kuti Pascal yakabviswa pamabasa esainzi, uzivi hwakasarudza.
Icho chokwadi ndechekuti muna 1654, Blaze Pascal, uyo akaronga kunyora nezve "masvomhu emasvomhu, akasarudza kuzvibvisa kubva kuhupenyu hwenjere, izvo zvakaitika hafu yemanheru egumi nematatu. Mushure mekunge tambo isingazivikanwe, iyo pfungwa yakauya mupfungwa, yakatanga kunyora mazano ake pane yekutanga parchment pane yekutanga parchment, shandisa iyi dhiri mukucheka kwehembe. Kupinda uku, kunonzi "Chirangaridzo" uye vakachinja mugumo wesainzi, vakawanikwa chete mushure mekufa kwePascal.
Inotaurira vakasarudza kusiya guta guru reFrance vova vanongori mumamongi eiyo pore-piano, vachienzanisa kubatana kwenyika kwakamupa tariro yehupenyu hunofadza, kutadza. Pascal yakagamuchirwa munzvimbo yekugara uye yakatanga kunamatira mararamiro ane hutsinye. Pasinei nemaitiro anorema ezuva, chidiki chekurara uye nguva dzose minamato, musayendisiti akanzwa kuvandudzwa hutano nekukwiridzwa kweMweya.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kupururudza Pascal, mushure mekukurukurirana nevanesenists uye Jesusits, izvo mumweya wekunyepedzera isa nhema hunhu hwetsika, dzakagadzirwa "tsamba kune iyo data." Iyo nzira yePascal, yakabudiswa pasi pePseudominm uye yakakonzera nyonganiso paruzhinji, saka musayendisiti, kuzadza kuseri kwemabhawa, akamanikidzwa kuvanda uye kurarama pasi pemumwe munhu surname.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti voltaire, anopikisa chinamato chinonamata, akarumbidza manyoro ePascal, achiona kuti pabasa rake, Jeshuits haaiti kusanyangadza, asi zvinosetsa. Kupfuurirazve, Pascal, uyo akaramba kubva pane zvitsva zvigadzirwa, akaramba achifunga nezve masvomhu neshamwari dzake, asi panguva iyoyo akatanga kudzidza dutu rekutora zino rekurwara.
Kumhinduro chaiyo yePascal, uyo aiona kuti basa raMerseenna, rakauya muhusiku humwe chete, achizononoka kuita kuwanikwa kutsva. Vesayenzi havana kuda kumiririra izvo zveveruzhinji kuruzhinji, asi shamwari yake, duke de ro roanne, iyo panguva yemakwikwi aifanira kuona nzvimbo yekukwira uye nharaunda ye Miviri yedutu remhepo.
Pasinei nekuedza kwepfungwa dzakawanda, sarudzo yenhengo dzePascal dzejury dzakazivikanwa seyakanakisa, uye manyoro ake akakurudzira musiyano uye akabatanidza calculus.
Pasinei neyekukunda kwesainzi, Pascal akaenderera mberi nekuita nzira yakakosha yekuziva nyika uye akatanga kupokana nezve "kukumbira ruregerero kwechitendero chechiKristu" kwaakashora muguruva neguruva revateveri vavatongi. Asi Pascal aive nematambudziko nekusikwa kwe "kukumbira ruregerero", uye mamiriro akasiyana siyana ehupenyu akave chigumbuso chekunyora iyi vashandi vehunyanzvi.
Uyezve, zvirongwa zvake zvechitendero zvachinja zvakachinja nekufamba kwenguva, saka, zvinyorwa zvechikamu chekuparidzira musayendisiti kuparidza apooges echiKristu kwakasiyana nemarudzi uye mune zvirimo. Gare gare, aya manyoro akapinda musangano wepfungwa anonzi "akafunga nezve chitendero uye zvimwe zvidzidzo", izvo munyori akafunga nezvezvivi zvekutanga uye zvairatidza kuzivikanwa kwaJesu Kristu.
Zvakare Pascal zvakare akaiswa nharo yekuratidza huwandu hwekutenda kwechitendero, kujairana nechizvarwa chiripo seParisal Paris. Chokwadi chekufunga ndechekuti usingatendi muna Mwari, zvine njodzi kurarama, nekuti mune mhosva yekuvapo kwekuti kuna Mwari, hupfu husingagumi hwakamirira, riri kurasikirwa ". Asi mutengo we "winnings" zvidiki, nekuti kana vara vechitendero zvakagadzirwa, ipapo hakuna chakabhadharwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hunhu hwePascal hunofanirwa kutongwa nekufunga kwake kwehunyanzvi, uye rudo chete muhupenyu hwake rwaive sainzi. Pascal akaomerera kumararamiro ezvekunze, saka panogona kuve nekutaura pamusoro pevana vesaenzi huru. Izvo zvinozivikanwawo kuti Blaze aive nehutano husina kusimba: maererano nenyaya, zvakare, kuve mukomana ane makore matatu, akatukwa nemukadzi akabvunza alms.
Etienne akatenda muuroyi, saka, achifungidzira chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka, akawana muroyi uye akaraira kuponesa mwanakomana kubva pakutukwa. Iko kukuvara kwakatamiswa kukitsi dema, asi Pascal kwasangana nemirwere yemuviri muhupenyu hwake hwese. Semuenzaniso, rimwe zuva mushure mekudya kwemanheru, muzivi akatanga kusimbiswa kwemoyo, akapotsa akaunza math kusvika kune isina nzvimbo.
Pascal akatenda kuti chikonzero chechirwere chemoyo ndechekuita kwake kusakwana. Asi, maererano nemanyoro akachengetedzwa, pascal yakatambura nerutorwa nezvirwere - kubva kuhuropi cancer kumatambudziko nemusana. Vakararama panguva iyoyo vaireva kuti Pascal yaive somunhu akura yakanga yambove nehupenyu pamakore makumi matatu nematatu, asi zvakapambwa, zvisinei nekuita zviitiko zvekutora zvesayenzi uye zvekunyora. Iye weteficist akanzwisisa kuti aive muchiyero cherufu, asi haana kunzwa kutya kusati kwafa.
Rufu
Gore rega rega, hutano hwaPascal hwakatanga kushata, uye lekari aisakwanisa kurapa nesainzi kubva kuzvirwere zvese, uye akawanawo tambo yehukuru.
Allepepecked muAugust 19, 1662, yegore ramakumi emasimba ehupenyu. Mukurangarira musayendisiti, iyo yakarova nyika nezvakaitwa nezvayo uye nezvarinotaura, yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Criet paMwedzi, Yunivhesiti muFrance uye mutauro wapascumming programu.
Zvakawanikwa
- 1634-1635 - "Kurapa paRinzwika"
- 1640 - "Chiitiko cheTheory Yezvikamu zveChidimbu"
- 1642 - Kupfupisa Pascal Machine
- 1647 - "Kuedza Kwako Kwekuedzwa Kunokwedza Kusaziva"
- 1653 - "Kubata pane arithmetic triangle"
- 1653 - "Kurapa pane zvinwiwa zveEquilibrium"
- 1854 - "Chirangaridzo"
- 1657-1658 - "Pfungwa"
Quotes
- "Pane hunhu hwemunhu, hazvidikanwe kuti utonge mabasa ake akaparadzaniswa, asi pahupenyu hwake hwezuva nezuva"
- "Mandiri, kwete muMagwaro aMonton, iine zvandakaverenga mavari"
- "Munhu haafanire kuzvishongedza kuenda kumhuka, kana vatumwa, havafanire uye kuramba vari mukusaziva kwehukama hwehunhu hwake. Ita kuti azive zvaari chaizvo "
- "Kuunza ruregerero kuzvishuwarenzi ndiko kudzikisira"
- "Zvichida chimwe chinhu chisina musoro cheshoko rekuti munhu akadaro ane kodzero yekuuraya, nekuti anogara mhiri kwerwizi kana negungwa, uye nekuti hurumende yake iri muchinguvana neyangu, kunyange ndisina kupopotedzana "