Biography
Pakutanga kwezana ramakumi maviri, America yave iri nyika yakanyanya kugadzirwa yenyika yenyika zvakanyanya nekuda kwemutungamiriri wechi 28 wehuni Wilson. Shanduko muhupfumi uye kutengeserana kwekune dzimwe nyika, kuchengetedzwa kwekusapindira kweUS muhondo yenyika yekutanga, kushamwaridzana kwemarudzi uye mupiro kune chibvumirano chevose chakashanduka-shanduka mune zvekuita zvematongerwo enyika.
Muzana ramakore, George Bush uye Bill Clinton, Mutungamiri Wilson vakasimudza kugadziriswa kwemauto epasi rose uye kugadzwa kwehukama hwehukama pakati pemarudzi. Iko kuedza kwakazopera neiyo Nobel Peace Prize uye STROKE.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mutungamiri wechi 28 muAmerican muVirginia akaberekwa, mumudzidzi akazvimirira. Mune mitsipa yaThomas Woodto, iro reropa reIriya neScotland remadzitateguru akasanganiswa. Sekuru nasekuru pamuziro wababa vakaendeswa kuAmerica kubva kuTironi County, iyo kuchamhembe kweIreland.
Sekuru remutungamiri wenguva yemberi kuzvipira mukufamba kweiye quackers uye kujekeswa kweEurope - vakagara muOhio, kwaakaburitsa bepanhau rekudzivirira raakapikisa uranda. Mwanakomana Joseph haana kutevera tsoka dzemubereki uye akazova mutongi wezvechitendero chechokwadi. Uye ndakaitengawo varanda kuna Baba vakatsamwiswa, murwi wechibereko neuranda. Joseph Wilson akawana mukadzi wake, wechiBritish Cumbria Janet danda, ane madzitateguru ake.
Wilson akavhura kuchechi yechipatara, uko varwi vakakuvadzwa vakarapwa: Janet naJoseph vaive vatsigiri veConderation. Pasina nguva Wilson akazova mauto chapel uye akaenda kumberi. Pakutanga, kudzidza kwakapihwa kune duku diki Wilson neDambudziko: Nekuda kweDysxia, mukomana aisaziva kusvika makore gumi nemaviri. Asi kunyepedzera silograph, akakunda chipinganidzo uye akakonzera kurasikirwa. Makore ekutanga Wilson akadzidza kumba, akabva ashanyira chikoro muna Nyamavhuvhu.
Jaya racho akaenda akatsika tsoka dzababa vake uye akapinda mukoreji kuNorth Carolina, uko vapristi vaRemangwana vePresbyterians vari kugadzirira. MUNaizvozvomi 1873, Wilson akazova haperioner yechechi yePresbyterian uye yakaramba yakura. MuCollege Woodo yakarwara uye mushure megore rekutanga rekufunda akamusiya, achigara mumba yevabereki muWilmyton.
Kwapera gore, muna 1875, mutungamiri wenguva yemberi wakava mudzidzi wePrinceton akapedza gwaro muna 1879. Mumakore evadzidzi, Woodrow Wilmero Wilson akatanga kufarira nhoroondo uye nhoroondo yezvematongerwo enyika, akaronga nzanga yehurukuro. Mushure mekupedza kudzidza Princeton University, Wilson akawana dzidzo yepamutemo kuYunivhesiti yeVirginia, asi gore rakatevera, muna 1880th, nekuda kwehurwere, akabuda kuyunivhesiti ndokufa kumba.
Kutanga kwebasa rezvematongerwo enyika
Mushure memakore maviri ekudzidziswa kwemudzimba, ramangwana rezvematongerwo enyika trace bvunzo muYunivhesiti yeMhandara Yunivhesiti uye yakagamuchira diploma yemutemo. Wilson akazove mumwe weaimbova wandaidzidza naye uye akatanga maitiro epamutemo, asi gore rakatevera, akaodzwa mwoyo uye akasiya bar: matanda anofarira zvematongerwo enyika.
Nzira inosimba yeWildrow Wilson yakatanga mumusango wa1883, paakazova mudzidzi weJones Hopkins University uye mushure memakore matatu akazova chiremba weuzivi. Mukutanga 1885, bhuku rekutanga rakabudiswa maari akarondedzera shanduko yesimba reAmerican nendege. Pabasa iri, iyo University yakapihwa Wilson Mubairo.
Muna 1886, mushure mekukodzera dhigirii yemuchiremba, masayendisiti wechidiki akadzidzisa nhoroondo mune koreji yekoreji uye yunivhesiti muChindo. Muna 1890, Woodrow Wilson Wilson akakokwa kuna Preninoni, kwaakadzidzisa vadzidzi kune vatariri vezvematongerwo enyika. Mushure memakore maviri, akanyora basa repiri - "nhoroondo yevanhu veAmerica" uye yakava mutambi weyunivhesiti, akasara muhofisi kusvika 1910.
MunaNovember 1910, musoro mutsva wezvematongerwo enyika biography of Woodmy Wilson Wilson akatanga - akasarudzwa nemutungamiriri weJersey nyowani. Kuva post, Wilson airatidza rusununguko uye kuda, kuramba kutevera mutsara wepati. Akaita huwandu hwemitemo yenhamo uye yakava nemukurumbira kunze kweHurumende.
Mutungamiri weU.S.a
Mota yemutungamiriri wehuni Wilmerow Wilson akaisa mberi mabiko eDemocratic. Vakwikwidzi vake vaive William Taft uye Theodore Roosevelt, nekuda kwekukwikwidzana kweMhoti yaWilson muna 1913 akakunda mujaho. Wood Wilson yakava chete Mutungamiri weAmerican nemutungamiriri weDhigirii uye yekutanga inotungamirwa kubva kumaodzanyemba.
Munguva yekutanga yemutungamiriri wenguva, Wilson akachinja nheyo dzenyika yenyika yenyika nekugadzira reserve federal. Mari chete yeAmerica yakava "Federal Reserve Ongororo". Pasinei nokuita kwemwero wezvematongerwo enyika (makore maviri ari muchigaro wegavhuna), akaita zvisarudzo zvinoshamisa, achiwedzera chirongwa chesarudzo. Munguva pfupi pfupi pfupi, kanzuru yevashumiri yakaumba, kugadza secretary weWilliam Mcadu. Ministry of yezvikafu yaive yakatungamirirwa naHerbert Gover, uye muhondo - Henry Stimson.
Mutungamiri weUS Mutungamiriri weUS kwemakore ekutanga ebhodhi akaita chirongwa chakabikwa chekuchinja kwehupfumi. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvakadzikira tsika dzekutengesa kune vekunze uye dzakatanga kumhanyisa mutero, shanduko uye yekuchinja kwebhangi.
Muna 1916, Woodrow Wilson akasarudza nguva yemutungamiri wenguva yechipiri. Pamusoro pekubudirira kwehupfumi hwehupfumi, kukoshesa kwake kwakanzi kuchichengetwa kweUnited States kuti vadzokere kuhondo. Runyararo uye kuvaka kweWilson vakaratidzira kuva vagari, vasingatsoropodze mukwikwidzi mukuru weCharles Hughes, asi achikanganisa kusimbisa kekutanga. Asi mukana waWilson pamusoro pekumbundira zvakazoita zvishoma, kukunda kwaisava nyore.
Pane imwe nguva yechipiri (kubva muna 1917 kusvika 1921), Woodrow Wilson akaisa masimba emwedzi mumwedzi mumwe chete nehondo dzehondo yenyika yekutanga.
Zvematongerwo enyika Zvematongerwo enyika
Dziva reNyika Deatment Woodrow Wilson uye Theodore Roosevelt akanyorwa mune zvakawanda zvikamu. Vatungamiriri vese vari vaviri vakandivandudza kushanda kwevashandi. Wilson akarambidza vana kuti vashande uye vakaderedza zuva rekushanda revakuru kusvika maawa masere. Varimi vakagomera nekuzorora mushure mekuverengeka kwekushandurwa kwenzanga. Kusarura vakadzi vakanyarara.
Woodrow Wilson ndeimwe yevanhu venyaro yerudzi rwevanhu veruzhinji - bureucaucracy. Iyo inodiwa preerequisite yeiyo inoshanda manejimendi system, akafunga nezve yakabatana yekugadzirisa nzvimbo. Sekureva kwaWilson, mitemo uye manejimendi anofanirwa kupatsanurwa, ivhu rinoshanda uye vashandi vehunyanzvi vanodiwa kuti vadzivise hukama.
Muna 1919, Mutungamiri weUS], akaiswa mutungamiri wekuratidzira kuitiswa kwerudzi rwemberi. Nzendo uye kushushikana kwekutya kwakatora simba kubva kwaari uye kwakaratuka hutano husina simba. Muna Gumiguru, Woodrow Wilson akave neronda, mhedzisiro yekusara kweziso rekuruboshwe uye kuoma mitezo yeruboshwe rwemuviri. Kwemwedzi mitanhatu, mutungamiri wenyika, akazviona ari muwiricheya, akazotevera nzimbe.
Kunze kwenyika
Wood Wilson Wilson anonzi Mutungamiri wePacifist uyo akashandisa marongero ehukama hwakanaka uye kusapindira mune dzimwe nyika. Akabudiswa neiyo mutemo we "Big Dubinka" uye basa remupurisa wepasi rose, rakasarudzwa kuAmerican Roosevelt. Mutungamiriri weUSA 28 mutungamiri akagadzira muvakidzani akanaka neLatin America uye nyika dzeEuropean dzeEurope. Asi Wilson's Pacifist Mood yakanyungudika nekuda kwehukama hwekuwedzera muna 1915 neMexico, apo muganho wacho wakatendeuka muhondo mbiri muchiteshi cheVera Cruz, kutakura hupenyu hwemazana evarwi nevarwi.
Muchirimo cha1916, mutungamiri weMexico Repkols Pancho Pancho Valul Creachment revapambi vakapinda muAmerican State mexico, vachikonzera kukuvara kwevarimi. MaAmerican akapindura nekuitisa mashandiro emauto, ayo aive akatungamirwa naGeneral John Perching. Muna 1917, mauto emukuru akatanga Europe, achityora ndudzi dzeWilson dzaWilson pakuzvisarudzira.
Mukutanga kwa1918, Wildrow Wilson akazivisa chirongwa chenyika, icho chakaumbwa mune gumi nemana mapoinzi akagadzirirwa kugadzirisa gakava renyika, kupa kutengeserana kwakawanda uye kuumba sangano rerunyararo. Asi Congress yakakundikana chibvumirano pane chinzwano chendudzi, uye muEurope kubva pa14 theses dzakamuka chete 4.
Matambudziko ezvehupfumi akatanga mushure mehondo, kuparadzwa kwevarimi, kufara muChicago, kuputsa hukama neaimbova mubatanidzwa wezvematongerwo enyika akazova chipingamupinyi muyechitatu mutungamiri wenyika Wilson. Panguva ino maDemocrats haana kumutsigira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kuda kwekutanga kweWilson vakasiya nzira muBiography yemutungamiri weUS 28 Presidenth. Kana Kuzrietta Woodroet Woodrow Stomated Tomasi Toms Wilson, achitaura nezvehama dzepedyo, vakamutora zita rechipiri, iro rakazova ndega.
Mwoyo wakaputsika wakapora rudo tsva, kuEllen Exxon. Kekutanga, venguva yemberi venguva yemangwana vakajairana apo Tomasi aive 6, uye Ellen makore maviri. Musikana anoyevedza ane smears ari pamatama emashaki Woodmy Wilson akarangarira mumakore makumi maviri. Jaya racho rakabvuma kufananidza baba ellen, ana abatwa neChechi yePresbitteria, ndokuenda kuAtanta. Zuva rega rega mwenga akagamuchira tsamba kubva kumurume wemangwana, achengetedze ese 1400 mameseji.
Ellen Wilson akazova mukadzi wake, uye shamwari yemutungamiri wenyika. Mukadzi wacho akapa murume wake kune vanasikana vatatu, akadzidza chiGerman kuti vatevedze zvinyorwa zvemabhuku uye zviratidziro, zvakagadziriswa kutaura kwaVilson. Potutu racho paakarova sitiroko, mumwe mukadzi uyu akava chipangamazano chakavanzika kuMutungamiriri.
Ellen haina kuzova muna Nyamavhuvhu 1914. Kufa nechirwere cheCyd, akakumbira kuti chiremba wemhuri atarisire murume wake. Mukadzi wangu akaropafadza mumwe wake kumuchato wechipiri, achibvunza chinhu chimwe - kuti awane mukadzi akanaka.
Kwechipiri, Woodrow Wilson akaroora pakupera kwa1915. Muwanano neEdith Bolling Goling, pakanga pasina vana. Wood Wilson inozivikanwa nerudo rwemotokari. Iko kusuwa kwakatungamira kuine mari yekuvaka nzira yeruzhinji.
Rufu
Muna 1921, mutungamiri wenyika ine 28 akabva kuchena imba uye akagara nemukadzi wake muEmbassy yeWashington Quarter. Akanyatso kunetseka nezve kusikwa kwechidanho chendudzi, vaitenda kuti akanyengedza maAmerican uye akaburitsa United States pasina muhondo yenyika yekutanga.
Wilson haana kuzova munaFebruary 1924. Ndakamuviga muWashington, mukatheji.
Quotes
- "Kune munhu mumwechete pane chena mwenje, kana mukadzi mumwe chete, kunyangwe mwana asingazive kuti zvinokonzeresa zvehondo mumakwikwi emazuva ano achivata mumakwikwi emuindasitiri uye anotengeserana?"
- "Kana iwe uchida kuwana vavengi, edza kuchinja chero chinhu."
- "Usakanganwa kuti" baba vedu "vanotanga nekukumbira kwechingwa mukumanikidza. Zvakaoma kurumbidza vanyoro uye kuda dumbu repedyo. "
- "Rusununguko harutombobva muhurumende. Rusununguko runogara runobva kuvanhu vaanotonga. Nhoroondo yerusununguko ndiyo nyaya yekurambidza zviremera zvehurumende, kwete kuwedzera kwaro. "
Chokwadi Zvinonakidza
- Wood Wilson Wilson aive anofarira mota anofarira uye akagadzira nzendo dzemotokari dzezuva nezuva, kunyangwe seMutungamiri. Ndima yemutungamiriri yakakanganisa mari yekuvakwa kwemigwagwa yeruzhinji.
- Woodrow Wilson fan Baseball fan, mumakore ake emudzidzi airidza timu yemudzidzi, uye muna 1916 akava Mutungamiriri wekutanga US aishanyira iyo nyika baseball baseballship.
- Mutungamiri Woodrow Wilson akapenda mabhora ake gorofu mu dema panguva yechando kuti arambe achitamba muchando.
- Wood Wilson Wilson haana kushevedza huni, asi Thomas. Mukuyaruka, akadanana nemubatanidzwa wake Woodro Henrietta. Akaramba kumuroora, asi aive murudo rwaakatumidza zita rake.
- Akadzidza kuPrinceton, kwaakazova mutenderi (iyo chete revo isina zita rechitendero).
- Kufamba kwesouffringters hakuna kutsigira zvakazara zvisingazivikanwe panguva iyoyo, uchifunga kuti tsoka dzemukadzi yaive mhuri.
Ndangariro
- Muna 1944, Wilson Henry King aive akasvibiswa neye biographical film "Wilson" neAlexander knox mune yekutungamira (iyo firimu yakagamuchira mashanu OSCARS).
- Woodrow Wilson anoratidzwa pane bhiri pamwe neKukoshwa madhora zviuru zana, chikuru munhoroondo yenyika.
- Muguta rePolong, poznań, chifananidzo kune Woodmrowed Wilson, akarererwa panzvimbo yemhondi kumushandi wePoland Marcina Kaspina Kaspha Kaspina Kaspina Kaspina Kaspina Kaspha Kaspha Kasphak.
- Musi waNovember 5, 2011, chifananidzo kune Woodrow Wilson muPrague (Czech Republic) yakavhurwa. Iyi ndiyo chidimbu chechipiri, uye chekutanga chaparadzwa mukati meHondo Yenyika II.