Biography
Fleet Russian Havasingazive Vakunda Vanokunda Kupfuura Fedor UsHakov. Pasi pemurairo weanenge tarenda zano, iro racho rakundwa uye maFrench akadzingwa kubva kuMediterranean. Kuti ihwo hwese basa, ngarava haina kutambura kamwe chete uye haina kurasikirwa chero ngarava.Hudu uye Vechidiki
FeDOR Fedorovich UsHakov akaberekwa munaFebruary 13, 1745 mumusha weBurnakovo (ikozvino iyo rybinsky dunhu reYaroslavl mudunhu). Baba Strateg, Feor Ignatievich akashanda seSergeEvich Sergement yehupenyu hwechirume chePreobrhensky
Babamunini vake Feodor Sanaksky uye murume wekare murume, akashanda muboka rePetrovsky, raive rakarerwa mukurerwa kweramangwana rekuyemurika. Ushakov kubva paudiki kuzorota nezve gungwa, sezvo nyika inonakidza yairatidzika kwaari inonakidza.
Setrategist nemakore vechidiki vaida masaga nemvura, pakanga pasina zvidzidzo kwaari, pane kutuka ngarava dzemoto kubva pamuti. Pamwe chete, vamwe misha yaiwanzochengetwa mumba kuUShakov kuti ifarire kusikwa kwechirume chine tarenda.
Pakangoita muvhimi wemunun'una wemuno kuti aende kunhare naye, uye mukomana, ani naani anozeza wechipiri, akati murume aizoenda kuchikara, asi kana akasangana naye pamvura.
Pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, vabereki vakaunza iyo inopisa chojo kuSt. Petersburg. Muguta rekumusoro, jaya remumusha rine simba rakapinda mugungwa Cadet Corps. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti panguva iyoyo, vakuru vadiki kubva kumhuri dzakanaka vakapinda mudenderedzwa, kazhinji vana veiyo odnodvords vakadzidza mune ino institution.
Husiku hwakaomarara, husiku hwapfuura, uye husiku hwekudzidzisa pamusoro pekudzidzisa, uye mushure memakore mashanu ekudzidza, akapedza zvitunha nezvakakudza, agamuchira Chin Chin Mikman. Ramangwana rambiro pakutanga kwebasa rake raive rekushambira muhondo yeBaltic, uye muEvha weTalted-Tardent, mukuru ane tarenda akaendeswa kuAzvid Flotilla, kwai kwaAkari kwemwedzi yakati wandei uye akashumirwa.
Basa reMauto
Nekutanga kwehondo, ramangwana risingakundiki hwechikepe chinogamuchira mukana wekutanga wekuzvisarudzira pachako uye unoishandisa. Saka, kuraira ngarava gumi nematanhatu, vashandi vake vakabudirira kuratidzira kurwiswa kweiyo turks, vakagara muBalasva, mushure meizvozvo pasina munhu akapokana mhinduro dzake.
Zvinozivikanwa kuti wechidiki uyu akavimba nekududzira muBlack Sea Baltic Court Courts anovhundutswa pasi pekutengeserana. Zvakare Fedor Statunura Sango Sango kusvika kuSt. Petersburg ngarava, achipinda mumatare ekusuwa neisina kuchena pamaoko akabatwa.
Mushure meizvozvo, USHAKOV yakagadzwa kubhadheni reiyo imperial yacht. Nekudaro, kuswededzwa kwehumambo hakuna kukwezva mukuru weGungwa, uye Fyodor akakwezva kuendesa kuchikepe cheLine, paaigara achifamba sechikamu cheboka remucherechedzo muGungwa reMedhiya. Gare gare, zvikepe zvakaronga kuvakwa kwesike yeiyo dema yegungwa muLevastopol.
Munguva pfupi inotevera kaputeni wenzvimbo yekutanga yeUSHakov inogamuchira kugadzwa nechikepe neMutungamiriri, iyo ichangotanga kuvaka paKhasi ngarava yekukepe kwengarava. Vafambisi vengarava havana kuwana nguva yekuve kushanda (panguva iyoyo vakatora chikamu mukuvaka mudziyo uri pane vafambi), sedhiziri yedenda rakatanga kuKheron.
Ushamako akauya neboka rake kuguta. Ikoko vafambisi vechikepe vakavaka maRs, vaitungidza bonfire kubva kumativi ese uye mukudzivirira zvinangwa zvakatanga kupukuta kuburikidza nevhiniga uye vakapwanyika miriwo. Kutenda nekuita kwekushanda kweFeder Fedororovich, hapana imwe yenzvimbo dzevashandi dzakatapukirwa nechirwere chinouraya. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuvakwa kwechikepe kwakange kuchiri kupedzwa.
Pakudzokera kuVaAmailand, iyo Admiral yakapihwa kurongeka kweSt. Vladimir. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti usshaurev wakabviswa pakukodzera kwechiuto, kwete kukunda, asi kwenguva yakaratidzwa uye hunyanzvi.
Ipapo zano racho ratanga basa idzva - nepese nzira yekuita vafambisi vengarava vechikepe chake chechikwata cheRussia kurwisa kweRussia. Ushakov akagadzira nzira yakasarudzika yekudzidziswa: Chiridzwa chakaiswa pamhenderekedzo yekutsvedza, uye nhengo dzevaisarira dzaida kupinda muchikepe, yakagadziriswa paRaft pedyo nechikepe.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, Ushakov akawana kuti vafambisi vechikepe vakanyatsoziva hunyanzvi hwekuitisa moto wakakura. Pane imwe nguva yekuonekwa kwesimba idzva rinogona kukwikwidza neye OTToman Humambo hweSimba pane SEAS YEMAHARA uye Mpress EKATERINI II akaronga kugashirwa kwemagweta ekunze muSimferropol.
Vakararama panguva yezana remazano epamusoro tekinoroji havanzwisisi kuti zvakaoma sei kufamba negungwa panguva iyoyo. Ipapo vafambisi vengarava kuti vatore ngarava, kwete kusiya nzira yakatarwa, vakarangarira simba uye kutungamira kwemhepo, uye nekucherechedzwa nekuda kwekuti iyo nzira. Munguva yehondo dzeThakov, dzaisatotevera nhamba yeiyo ammunition, asi zvakare inodzora zviito zveumwe neumwe weboka.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Fyodor Fedorovich Fedorovich akatyora mitemo yese yegungwa. Ipapo pakanga paine kodhi isiri pamutemo yehondo, iyo yakati kurwa kusati kwasvika, vapikisi vanofanirwa kusvika kune mumwe nemumwe kure kwe pistol kupfura, gadzi pasi uye chete wobva warwiswa.
Ushakov akataura kuti yaive isina chinhu, isina chinhu kushandisa nguva uye kuti kusimbiswa kunofanirwa kuitwa pachitendero chikuru, kutanga kwevose vanoparadza. Iyi nzira yakabatsira Fyodor Fedororovich Fedorovich Fined neiyo Ottoman Fleet. Ipapo kufungidzira kwekukwirira kwehuwandu hwemuvengi kusiyanisa zano idzva - uye rakanga risiri kukanganisa. Chikepe cheRussia, kuvaka zvakare pane kuenda, komborera zvikepe zvikuru zveTuriki, izvo zvavasina kugadzirira.
Vavengi vari mukuvhunduka vakatanga kurera ankors uye tambo dzecheka. Saka, kuparadza muvengi murairo, flakov's fleet imwe neimwe yakatyora iyo yose turkish squadron.
Mushure mekukunda uku, general - munda Marshal, muchinda Grigory Potemkin akave mutengesi wechikuru wechiitiko chakakurumbira uye mune mutsamba Empress akarumbidza Brotégé. Muna 1790TH Potemkin, nekubvumidzwa kweCatherine II, neThe Hourakov Hutungamiri hweGungwa reGungwa, uye Fyedor Fedorovich, achimutsa mureza muchikepe " Ikoko chivo chakatsemurwa, akaparadza zvikepe zvezvizvarwa makumi maviri nezvishanu uye akabva aratidze kurwiswa kweTuriki kubva kuKerch Strait.
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti vavengi vakunda vaiwanzobvunza nezveUSharako nezve ngoni, vachitumira vaRamende uye vachipa mari. Kufungidzira kwevanhu hakuna kumbobvira kwakaparadzwa, asi ngarava dzevavengi havana gem.
Mukuru wacho akanzwisisa kuti magumo enyika zvinogoneka chete mushure mezvikepe zvese zvechikepe cheTurkey chichavhuniwa. Hondo yakaita kuti zita rake risabuke, rakaitika musi waChikunguru 31, 1791, muGungwa dema, kuCape Kaliakra (Northern Bulgaria). Ipapo mukuru wehondo weTuriki akati achatora ushakov, asingadyi kuti ngirozi yake yose yadonha.
Otmans vakamirira ngarava dzeRussia pedyo nemhenderekedzo, iyo yakaiswa bhatiri. Fedr Fedorovich, anozivikanwa nekuda kwekuti hondo isati yagara kuitisa huchenjeri, vaiziva nezvenzvimbo yemuvengi uye pane kuisirwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, akafamba akatenderedza turk, achipfuura nepakati pamhenderekedzo uye zvikepe zvavo, akabata mhepo inopfuura uye akakunda ngarava dzemuvengi.
Iyo Runyararo Chibvumirano chakagumisa neTurkey, akachengetedza ese kuchamhembe kwegungwa reGungwa reRussia, kusanganisira mhosva. Nepo Alexander Suvomarov akakunda kukunda nyika, Ushakov akapokana nenyika iyo Russia isimbe yakazara yegungwa.
MunaAugust 1798, Paul ndakatumira iyo nhema dzegungwa dzeThaKakov to Ionian Islands (maFrench akatongwa pamahombekombe) kuti akachengetedza kuvapo kweRussia muMediterranean. Ino nguva padivi peFedor Fedorovich yaive mukohwi wazvino - iyo yeOttoman Humambo.
Chokwadi, ino nguva iyo Admiral yakaratidza masimba anoshamisa. Zvinoenderana nengano, USHAKOV yakatungamira vasikana vake kuti vafuke vechifuro, uye kana maFrench achiona vakadzi vachigara pamapfuti, ivo havana kurapwa nevamiriri vehafu isina simba uye vakasimudza machena mureza . Kuswedera pedyo, mauto akanzwisisa kuti vakanyengerwa.
Ipapo akatevera kubatwa kwenhare yeCorru (vakatarisana nehama pazuva rimwe), mushure mekuburitswa kwechiwicsies Isic chakapera kubva kuFrance kuvapo kweFrance. Zvekuvhiya uku, Fyedor Fedorovich yakavakirwa mune chinzvimbo cheAdmiral, uye Turkey Sultan yakaunza iyo Strategist Sobatu Coat uye minhenga yedhaimani.
Muvambi wechikepe cheRussia ndiPeter ini, asi mushure mekufa kweanochinja, basa rehupenyu hwake hwese hwaive husiri nani kupfuura nguva dzakanaka, uye kana Europe yavandudza simba raro, Russia isingakoshesi simba uye kukosha kwe Marine mauto. Yakapfuurira kusvikira Fyodor Ushamako akasara vhiri rengoro dzechikepe, uyo akaunza kukunda kwakawanda kuenda kunyika yake.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwega hwembichana hwaive husina kubudirira sebasa rake. Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakanyanya kuti Fyodor Fedororovich yakanga isina kuroora uye haina vana. Strategist akazvipira iye kubasa renyama uye haana kumbozvidemba.Rufu
Nzvimbo yekupedzisira yehupenyu hwepasi Admiral ushamakov yakava musha weAlekseyevka muDunhu reTemnovsky, pedyo neSanaksar Christmas-mhandara mani. Zvinozivikanwa kuti panguva yehondo yeNyika 1812, Fyedor Fedorotich Musoro wehondo yeTambov Province, asi nekuda kwehurwere, Akaramba chinzvimbo chake, akazvitsaurira paminyengetero.
Flotosets akafa muna Gumiguru 2, 1817 mumusha weAlekseev. Oven the the Stearrior Hondo muMuponesi Yekushandurwa Kwekereke yeguta reTemnikov. Kana bhokisi remuviri remudiwa wemufi, nekuvanzika kukuru kwevanhu, akaiswa mumaoko ake kubva muguta, aida kuiisa pane zvekudya, asi vanhu vakaramba vachitakura kuSanaksar vakagara, Iko kuyemura kwakavigwa.
Muna 1953, Director Mikhail Romm akabvisa mafirimu "Admiral Ushakov" uye "ngarava dzedutu reStrem", iro rakavakirwa pachiitiko cheTarenda.
Canonization
Mushure me1917 Shanduko, iyo Sanjearsky monastery yakavharwa, uye muchinda, akavaka pamusoro peguva remudiwa, rakaparadzwa.
Joseph Visarionvich Stalin akatanga kurongeka kweUSHAKOV muna 1943, asi mufananidzo weFedor Fedorovich aidikanwa kuti agadzire mubairo. Hapana wevashandisi nevaimbi vaiziva kuti vangaratidza sei kufararira, uye, sezvaunoziva, kushandiswa kwechifananidzo chisina kujairika muhurumende chiratidzo hachigoneki.
Naizvozvo, muna 1944, kushanduka kwenyika kuSanaksar monastery yakaitwa, umo kudiwa kwakawanikwa. Pashure pacho, kutaridzika kwe dehenya kwakadzorerwa chitarisiko cheUSHAKOV, uye guva remudiwa rakakurumbira, pamwe chete nevasara veMonastery yakaoma, yakatorwa pasi pekudzivirira kweNyika.
MunaAugust 2001, Chechi yeRussian Orthodox yakavaka Theodore Ushakov kuenda kunzvimbo yevatsvene. Iye zvino zvifananidzo ichiratidza ngarava ine tarenda inochengeterwa mumatembere nemamongi.
Ndangariro
- Zita renyasha rinonzi bay mumvura yeSouteastern Ears yeGungwa uye Cape pamhenderekedzo yekuchamhembe kweGungwa reKodhotsk
- MuTemnov, pane nhoroondo yemunharaunda mamuseum yakatumidzwa zita reUSHAKOV
- MuMoscow, pane Admoral USHAKAKAKOV Boulevard uye iyo Metro Station yezita rimwe chete
- MuSt. Petersburg, zita reAdmiral Ushamako rinotumidzwa zita rekuti Embankment uye bhiriji, chifananidzo chinosimbiswa
- Muna Gumiguru 2002, muGreek, chifananidzo kune Admiral Feder usshakov akagadzwa paCorfu Island
- MuKerch musi waApril 11, 2009, chigadziko kune Admiral akaiswa pazuva rekusunungurwa kweguta kubva kuGerman Fascist Vanopinda
- MuKaliningrad, iyo Naval Institute yakatumidza zita rekuti Admiral
- Muna 2015, chifananidzo kune Admiral F. F. Ushakov yakavhurwa muHambov, pakupindirana kweSoviet uye Lermontovskaya migwagwa
- Muguta reRybinsk, munharaunda iri pedyo neiyo Amaziland Admiral, iyo Bust yakaiswa. Kubvumbi 29, 2016 zita rake rakagamuchira Boulevard. Museum yakazaruka zvakare.