Biography
Mumhanzi - Izvi ndizvo zvinobatsira kuvhiringidzwa kubva pamiseve yemazuva eGrey uye kuwana mauto kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Naizvozvo, hapana chinonyadzisa mune chokwadi chekuti vanonyora, vaimbi nevaimbi vaiverengerwa nguva dzese - zvese munguva dzemufaro uye muvheni yeyunivhesiti.
Izvo zvichacherekedza chaizvo kuti zvakanaka kusimudza mimhanzi ine ruzha rwiyo rwemimhanzi, kunyanya, Jazz. Chokwadi ichi chinotsanangura chikonzero nei mazita evanoita manyiriri vakadaro saLouis Armstrong, Ray Brown, Billy Holiday uye Duke Ellington anozivikanwa nanhasi.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Edward Kennedy (saka chokwadi sefoni Jazzman akasarudzika) akaberekerwa muguta guru reUnited States of America. Zvakaitika musi waApril 29, 1899. Mukomana aive nerombo rakanaka kuti akaberekerwa mumhuri yemutorwa weWhite House yeJakobho naEilly Kennedy Ellington. Nzvimbo yababa yakamanikidzwa mukomana kubva kumatambudziko akatarisana nehuwandu hweAmerica akatarisana nawo.
Chaizvoizvo kubva kuDiPer, amai vakatanga kudzidzisa mutambo waEdward's Edward's (iye amene akatamba zvakanaka, uye dzimwe nguva aitoita kumisangano yechechi yechechi). Negumi nemapfumbamwe, mwana akahaya mudzidzisi ane ruzivo rwakawanda.
Inoshanda wega mukomana anotanga kunyora muna 1910. Basa rekutanga rakachengetedzwa zvisati zvaitika mazuva ano anonzi soda fontain rag. Kuumbwa uku kwakanyorwa muna 1914. MuSoda Fontain Rag, iwe unogona kuona kufarira mumimhanzi yekutamba (kunyanya, kune ragtaym) panguva iyoyo.
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuchikoro cheArt, Edward akawana basa nemhizha yemaposita. Basa racho harina basa rakakwana - mukomana wechidiki aigarovimbika nguva dzose kubva kuHurumende Administration, asi basa iri harina kuunza kannedy yekufara kwakadaro kuti mutambo wacho wakaunzwa piyano. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Edward Uwatso Art, achiramba kubva paPost yake paPratt Institute.
Kubva 1917, vechidiki kennedy vanowana mari yekugara nemumhanzi, mukufananidza kudzidza iyo nuSances yehunyanzvi kubva kune nyanzvi yemetropolitan piano.
Mumhanzi
Chikwata chake chekutanga Edward chakayera muna1919. Pamusoro peKennedy amene, bhendi yaive saxphonist otto zvakaoma uye drummer sonny greer. Mushure mechinguva chidiki, hwamanda Arthur Wandsol akabatana navo.
Pane imwe nguva, kuita kwavo kwakanzwika muridzi weiyo New York Bar, uyo akasvika muguta guru rezvinyorwa. Akakurudzira vakomana chibvumirano, maererano nezvavanofanira kuita kubva kwaari kwemakore akati wandei, uye muridzi webhari anovimbisa vaimbi kusvika kune veruzhinji uye vakaburitswa. Kennedy uye kambani yakabvumirana uye yatove muna 1922 vakatanga kuita muHarlem Bar "Barron" seCartet "Washington".
Nezvevakomana vakataura. Ivo vakakumbirwa kutaura kune mamwe masangano, semuenzaniso, muBollywood Club, iri pane imwe nguva. Mabhoti akabvumidzwa Edward kuti aenderere mberi nezvavangobva kubva kune vabati venzvimbo dzevanozivikanwa vekhibhodi.
Kubudirira kwe "Washington" kwakapa mukana wekutora chikamu muhuwandu kuti uzive neruzhinji rwevanhu - vese nevanhu vakasika uye vane simba. Kuti uenderane new Yorsy, Kennedy akatanga kupfeka zvipfeko zvinopenya uye zvinodhura, izvo zvaanowana zita rekunyaradza kubva kumunun'una (rakashandurwa se "Duke").
Muna 1926, waunozivana naEdward naIrwin Mills, iyo yakazova maneja wechiimbi. Yaive mendereke kurairwa kushandisa murume iye pachinzvimbo chezita chairo rekugadzira pseudonym, zvichibva pane zita rezita raBaba. Zvakare, pane zano reIrwin Duke, rinotumidza zita rakazvarwa Jazz pusemble "Washington" paDuke Ellington neOllchestra.
Muna 1927, Ellington nechikwata chake akatamira kuNew York Jazz Colit Cotton Club, kwaaita kune yekutanga concert rwendo rwenyika. Pakati peiyi nguva yenguva, manyorerwe kunge rudo rweCreole yekufona, dema uye tan fungidziro uye mooche zvakanyorwa.
Muna 1929, "Duke Ellington uye Orchestra yake" yakaitwa paFlorence Siegfeld Music Oree. Panguva imwecheteyo paRCA Records Studio (zvino, chikamu chevaraidzo yemimhanzi yeSony) zvakanyorwa neIndia India Yakatemwa, uye maComestra
Muna 1931, kushanya kwekutanga kwejazi enye epelemble yeEllington kwakaitika. Kwapera gore, duke uye orchestra yakaitwa kuColumbia University. Zvinotendwa kuti nguva yehupenyu hwemumhanzi yaive yekupinda pabasa rebasa, sezvo panguva iyoyo akanyora nyaya yake anoreva kuti haanzwisisi chinhu ("zvese zvisina basa") uye vadikani-vayambuka vadiwa ("Vadiwa vane njodzi").
Muchokwadi, Duke akazova iye progentor of the rudzi rwekutsvaira, kunyora muna 1933 iyo Strongition Storm yemamiriro ekunze uye mukadzi akajeka. Nyanzvi yekushandisa nezvinhu zvoga zvevaimbi, Ellington akwana munhu, hapana ruzha rwakafanana. Vaimbi vakuru muchikwata cheCuke ndiSaxophonist John Hodgez, Trubuch Frank Jenkins uye Thrombonist Juan Tizil.
Muna 1933, Duk nevaimbi vake vanoenda kuEuropean yekuenda Europe, chiitiko chikuru chacho chaive chiitiko muLondon Concert Hall "Palladium". Munguva yekutaura kweDuke reEllington uye Orchestra yake muHoro, vanhu vakapindwa neropa rehumambo, vaiva nemukana waamai vaitaura mushure.
Kufemerwa nekubudirira kwekushanya kweEurope, vaimbi vanoenda kune imwe itsva - panguva ino kutanga muSouth America, uye ipapo kuchamhembe. Pakupera kwekushanya, ellington anonyora nyowani nyowani - kuumbwa kweCaravan ("Caravan"). Mushure mekubuda kwake, Duke anogamuchira zita remuumbi wekutanga weAmerica.
Asi iyo yakasimbiswa chena tambo yakashandurwa dema - Muna 1935 amai Duke vakafa. Zvakanyanya kukanganisa muimbi - dambudziko rekugadzira rakatanga naEllington. Kunyange zvakadaro, Duke akakwanisa kumukunda nekunyora kushongedzwa kwekuzvidzwa mu tempo, izvo zvakange zvakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune zvese izvo Duki zvaitika.
Muna 1936, Ellington akatanga kunyora mimhanzi yefirimu - Iyi ribhoni yaive nhare Sam ine humorists neakarongedza hama mumabasa makuru. Muna 1938, Duke akashanda semutungamiriri weThe Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, uyo akapedza kuSaul-reggie Hotel.
Kwapera gore, vaimbi vatsva vakatarisana neTenor-Saxophonist Ben Webster uye vanopikisa Jim Blenton vakadururwa muEllington timu. Vaviri vakomana vakachinja kurira kweiyo duke orchestra, iyo yakamutsidzira kune nyowani yeEuropean yeEurope. Musician Mastery anokoshesa zvikuru Chirungu conductor Leopold Stock uye Russian Commoser Igor Stravinsky.
Muna 1942, ellington anonyora mimhanzi yeTape "Hut mumakore", uye muna Ndira gore rinotevera anounganidza imba yakazara yeCarnegie Ha New York. Mari yemari kubva kukonsati akaenda kuchengetedza Soviet Union mukati mehondo yenyika yechipiri.
Mushure mechikamu chechipiri kufarira, veruzhinji kuJazazi vakatanga kudonha - vanhu vakabhanyudzwa mumamiriro ekuora mwoyo uye kutya nguva dzose. Imwe nguva, duke yakakwanisa kuita uye kubhadhara mari yemushandirapamwe (dzimwe nguva kunyange kubva muhomwe yake), asi pakupedzisira, vaimbi vakaodza moyo zvese zvese. Ellington akatanga kuwana mabasa ekugara-nguva mune fomu yekunyora mimhanzi yefirimu.
Zvakangodaro, muna 1956, duke akakwanisa kudzokera kuJazazi, achiita pamutambo weGenera muNewport. Pamwe chete neArranger William Striahorn nevatambi vatsva, Ellington vakafara vateereri vane manyorerwo akadai saAdye mac uye hafu yekunakidzwa, zvichibva pamabasa aWilliam Shakespeare.
Makumi matanhatu emakore ekupedzisira akazova yechipiri yepamusoro pabasa reimba yechiimbi - panguva ino duke yakapihwa mibairo gumi nemumwe "Grammy" mumutsara "mumutsara. Muna 1969, Ellington akapiwa rairo rerusununguko. Mubairo waDuke wakaratidzwa neMutungamiri weMutungamiri weUnited States Richard Nixon. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti mumakore matatu apfuura, Ellington anga ari kupiwa mumwe mutungamiri - Lindon Johnson.
Hupenyu Hwako
Duke akaroora kutanga kwakakwana - Chikunguru 2, 1918 (panguva iyoyo, murume uyu aive gumi nemapfumbamwe). Mudzimai wake akava Edna Thompson, muwanano aigara Ellington kusvika pakupera kwemazuva ake.
Musi waKurume 11, 1919, mukomana akaberekwa vaviri vaviri. Mwana akatumidzwa zita rekuti Mercer.
Rufu
Kekutanga, Duke akanzwa akaipa achishanda mumhanzi wefirimu "kutsinhana kwepfungwa", asi ipapo muimbi haana kutarisisa. Muna 1973, Ellington akawana cancer yemapapu. Gore rakatevera akanhonga pneumonia ndokumhanya.
Musi waMay 2474, Jazzman haana kudaro. Ellington akavigwa mumazuva matatu panguva yekare yeNew York Cemetery Woodlon, iri mune bronx.
Posthumously Duke akapa mubairo wePulitzer, uye muna 1976 musimboti wezita rake akasikwa kuChechi yeLutheran yeSt Peter. Iyo yepakati yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo inovhenekera nguva dzakajeka dzeBiography yeMimhanzi.
Discography
- 1940 - iyo Okeh Ellington
- 1944 - Nhema, Brown & Beige
- 1952 - Izvi ndizvo zvinobhururuka neye Orchestra yake
- 1957 - Mune Mellotone
- 1959 - Chikamu chemitambo
- 1964 - Iyo Yakakura Hondon Concerts
- 1964 - imwe nguva yekusvetuka
- 1968 - Uye Amai vakamudaidza kuti Bill
- 1972 - iyo Ellington Suites