Biography
Helmut Kohl mubatanidzwa wezvematongerwo enyika akazova mukana wenyika nenhatu. Kohl akapesvedzera maitiro ekubatana kweiyo federal Republic yeGermany uye GDR, pane iyo yekupinda kweGerman muNATR uye Sumo yeEuro panzvimbo yeBrands.
Biography yeHelmut Kolya yakatanga musi waApril 3, 1930. Ramangwana rezvematongerwo enyika vakazvarwa mumhuri yevari. Native yeHelmut guta iri ludwigshafen-on-rhine. Baba Hans vakaberekerwa muBavaria. Amai vehudiki vanonzi Cecilia. Kuwedzera kune Helmut, vamwe vana vaviri vakarerwa mumhuri.
Mhuri yakateerera kune zvematongerwo enyika. Baba naAmai vaive parutivi rwevamiriri vemumiriri veConservative Bourgeoisie. Asi haana kukanganwa zvibvumirano zveKatorike. Pakati pehondo yenyika yechipiri, mukoma weHermut akafa. Zvematongerwo enyika zvematongerwo enyika zvakadzivirira rukudzo rwenyika panhandare yehondo. Asi basa racho harina kuuya kune kuvakwa.
Muna 1950, murume wacho akasarudza kufambira mberi, saka akazova mudzidzi weYunivhesiti yeFrankfurt. Jaya iri mumweya yaive sainzi yepamutemo. Asi mushure megore, danda remazambiringa kubva pachikoro uye rinoenda kuHedenllg University. Izvo zvinhu zvikuru zvekufunda Helmut zvakasarudza nhoroondo uye mapoka ezvematongerwo enyika.
Zvematongerwo enyika
Basa rezvematongerwo enyika rezvematongerwo enyika reHelmut Kolya rakatanga mumakore echikoro, mushure mekupinda kwemurume wemukuru kuChristian Democratic Union. Gare gare muLudwigshafuen, Kohl akagadzira "Upwere Mubatanidzwa". Turakiti rezvematongerwo enyika dzakawedzera gore rega rega, saka muna 1953, Helmut akasarudzwa nenhengo dzeKWD Bhodhi. Gare gare, jaya racho rakava sachigaro weDhipatimendi re "Vechidiki Mubatanidzwa", iri muRHineland Palatz.
Zvishoma nezvishoma basa rebasa rakawana mhanya. Pakazosvika 1968, Helmut akange akwanisa kushanyira nzvimbo dzakakwirira muUnionocratic Union. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndakasarudza murume wechidiki kuti atumire tsamba yemutevedzeri wemabiko. Rubatsiro rwusina mwero mukuumbwa kweKolya sebumbiro rakashandurwa Fritz.
Pamusoro pekutumira kwechigaro chemabiko, Helmuta akawana chinzvimbo chemutungamiri weMutungamiri Rhineland Palatz. Iye murume akagadza shanduko yekutonga, akazoronga kuyunivhesiti yeTrira-Kaisserlauten, iyo yava kuzivikanwa seyunivhesiti yeTrier uye technical University yeKaisersloute.
Makore matatu gare gare, sarudzo dzakaitika mubato. Izvo hazvina kukwanisa kukunda kukunda, saka nzvimbo yechigaro cheCDC yakaenda mumaoko eRainer Bartzel. Asi mufaro wowakapedzisira waipfupi. Muna 1973, Helmut akakumbirwa zvakare kuchinzvimbo ichi, kwaisara wezvematongerwo enyika kusvika muna 1998.
Muna 1976, Kolya aive nechido chekuenderera mberi. Panguva ino chete, sarudzo dzakaitwa muBundustag. Wezvematongerwo enyika akafunga kuona nezvekupedzisira uye kukwezva kune iyo post yeChancellor. Mabasa ekukurudzira akabudirira. Iyo Kolya Party yakagamuchira 48.6% yemavhoti. Kwaive kukunda kudiki kwebato rimwe chete, asi kuhwina sarudzo muGeneral XDS uye Helmut Yakundikana.
Kutenda kune iyi Kolya aifanira kusiya iyo post yemutungamiriri uye enda kune bundstag semusoro webato. Asi zvisingatarisirwi, vamiriri veChristian Social Union vakafunga kusiya chibatanidzwa chakabatana. Hellmut haina kukwanisa kubvumira izvi, saka akaenderera mberi netsika. Kubatana kwevagari vemapato mumwe kwakachengetedzwa kuponesa. Kubva muna 1976 kusvika 2002, Kohl aive muBundostag semutevedzeri.
Bhodhi rehurumende reHelmut kolya kune izvo zvimedu zveFederal Conerlor yeGermany yakatanga musi waGumiguru 19, 1982. Wezvematongerwo enyika akatora nzvimbo yeHelmut Schmidt, uyo akataura vhoti yekusavimbika. Chisarudzo chakadaro chakatungamira kumatambudziko mukati meiyo yemahara eDemocratic bato, sezvo iyo positi yeChancellor Kohl haina kuuya nesarudzo.
Asi Helmut aida kuzadzisa nzwisiso, saka akabvunza nhengo dzeBundustag mumwe chete mubvunzo - mubvunzo wekuvimba mutungamiri mutsva wenyika. Vakuru vazhinji vakasarudza kugara kure neaya mafambiro, saka kana ndawana zvandaitoda. Mwaka mushure mekugadzwa naChancellor Helmut, FRG yakatemwa kune vatevedzeri. Wezvematongerwo enyika akazivisa kupaza kwebhinyastag.
Kwenguva yakareba pakati peFrance neGermany, hukama hwaive huchiwedzera. Asi muna 1984 zvese zvakachinja. Panzvimbo yehondo, paVerden, vatengi vekare veHelmut Kohl neFrancois Mitteran akasangana. Iyo foto ine maoko yakaiswa pasi rese uye yakava chiratidzo chakavimbika chekuyananisa kwemativi maviri.
Iyo yekunze uye yemukati mutemo weGermany mumakore uko mitemo yeHelmut Kohl yaive neyedzo mbiri dzakanaka uye dzisina kunaka. Kuwedzera kutarisisa kune zvematongerwo enyika kwakashanduka kuchikwezverwa mushure mekunge ma flyca scam. Helmut yakakonzerwa nebasa nekuda kwekubvunzurudzwa nezve chiokomuhomwe muhurumende.
MunaNovember 1989, rusvingo rweBerlin rwakadonha. MuGDR kwaive nekuchinja kwakakosha kune democracy. Yakakurudzira Kohl kusuma chirongwa muBundustag iyo yakabatsira kusvika padyo neGerman uye nedzimwe yeEurope. Asi chirongwa ichi hachina kubvumiranwa nevabati vebato.
Pakati pa1990, Germany uye GDR yakasaina chibvumirano cheNyika pane mari, ehupfumi uye munharaunda mubatanidzwa. Kushandura kwehupfumi hwehupfumi kwakashata kwakanganisa mamiriro emabhizimisi. Helmut Kohl akakwanisa kumanikidza misoro yemasimba eEuropean kuti asangane uye kuronga kubatana kweiyo Federal Republic yeGermany uye GDR ive imwe nyika. Gare gare, Germany yakadonha nezvematongerwo enyika muNATO.
Kusonganirana kwakabvumidza Helmut kuti ave nebasa rezvematongerwo enyika. Kuziva uye kuziva kwezvinhu zvakakosha zve psychology yakabvumidza murume kuti adzivirire coup, iyo yakaumbwa muna 1989. Heiner Gaisler, Lothar Spet uye Rita Zyusmouth akazova vatangeri.
MunaJanuary 1991, Helmut kolya akasarudzwa zvakare neye federal Chancellor. Makwikwi ari musarudzo iyi aive Mutungamiriri weMutungamiriri saar Osar Lafornane. Zvino zita revaHelmut richava nehukama nekubatana kweGerman, sezvo wezvematongerwo enyika akazova wekutanga Federal Concellor yenzvimbo itsva.
Mushure memakore matatu, Kohl akatanga kusarudzwa. Panguva ino, sarudzo dzaive dzakaoma, asi iyo Rudolf Pretolf Mutungamiriri weRudolf Imping haigoni kupindura Helmut. Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, Kohl akasarudza mamwe madhiri pane imwe nzira yekune dzimwe nyika arena. Padunhu reFrankfurt Amai main, nekuda kwekuedza kweChancellor, iyo European Central Bank yakatumirwa. Iyo yeGerman Brand yakauya kuzotsiva mhando yeGerman.
Zvimiro zvemukati zveNyika zvakasara pasina hanya neKohl. Izvi zvakazotevera chikonzero chekurasikirwa kweXDs musidhasi kune bundustag muna1998. Kune vaHelmut, izvi zvaireva kusiya basa. Muna 2002, Kohl akaramba kutora chikamu musarudzo matsva eposvo yeChancellor yeGermany.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwega pachako hurongwa hwakatadza kukonzera kufarira kubva kune veruzhinji. Muna 1960, Gelmut akatora musikana anonzi Hannelore Renner. Iyo ichangobva kuitwa nemushanduri waishanda. Zvinozivikanwa kuti vanhu vechidiki vakasangana makore gumi nemaviri vasati varoora.
Asi hukama hwerudo hwakatanga gare gare. Iri vanakomana vakaberekerwa uku. Hannelore akatambudzwa kwenguva yakareba nekuda kweanopamba kusvika masikati. Zuva nezuva mukadzi anonyimwa simba rake, saka muna Chikunguru 2001 aine makore makumi matanhatu nemaviri emakore wezvematongerwo enyika akazviuraya.
Mumakore makumi manomwe nemashanu, rudo rutsva rwakanga ruchikunda helmut. Iye murume anodikanwa akava T-shati Richtter. Mukadzi akashanda sehupfumi. Mike akabata posvo muDhipatimendi reEconomic yeFederal Concerlor department.
Chinhu chinonakidza nezve muchato wechikamu naKolya: Mhemberero dzakaitika muchipatara cheHydelberg. Pano panguva ino mune wezvematongerwo enyika akapfuura chiyero chekupora mushure mekukuvara kwakanyanya kuwanikwa panguva yekudonha. Pamupinhi pakanga paine hama nehama dzepedyo.
Iri bhuku rekutanga rine memoirs gelmut rakaburitswa muna 2004. Ichi chikamu chinonzi "ndangariro, 1930 - 1982" Kohl zvakatsaurirwa kumukadzi womumwe murume Hannelore. Nezve vana amai vezvematongerwo enyika vakarangarira nerudo uye vaitenda kuti basa rake raive basa romudzimai wake. Vhesi yechipiri yakaonekwa pamabhuku egore mugore, uye bhuku rechitatu - muna 2007.
Rufu
Zvirwere zvakaudza helmut kohl. Mukati memwedzi yekupedzisira yehupenyu, wezvematongerwo enyika haana kuoneka pachena. Pana June 16, 2017, hama dzavarume vakazivisa rufu rwewebate reGerman. Iyo yepamutemo chikonzero cherufu padyo Helmut haina kukohwa. Asi vezvenhau vakaonekwa munhau kuti rezvematongerwo enyika rakafa nekuda kwezvisikwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa pabhachiona.
Helmut kola yemariro akaitika musi waChikunguru 1. Mhemberero yekufambisa yakaitika muEuropean Paramende iri panzvimbo yematunhu. Aimbove President US President Bill Bill Clinton, ChiGerman Chancellor Angela Merkel, Sachigaro weRussia Federation Dmitry Ditry Medvedev akauya kuzotaura nezveHelmut. Zvematongerwo enyika End iri muSpaire.
Mhemberero yacho yakanga isipo mikhail gorbachev. Nekuda kwezvinetso zvehutano, vanachiremba vakarambidzwa kuenda kuEx-purezidhendi yeUSSR to Strasbourg. Musoro weRussian Federation, Vladimir Putin akataura runyararo uye akataura kuti mune zvakawanda zvinoratidzwa maonero ake ematongerwo enyika aive nesimba reKohl.
Chokwadi Zvinonakidza
- Gelmut Kol akava muridzi wekubatana kweiyo FRG neGDR kuenda kuGermany.
- Chibvumirano cheGerman chakasainwa chiuru cheMaasttirchht, icho chakaratidza kutanga kwechisiko cheEuropean Union.
- Basa rezvematongerwo enyika reHelmut Kolya rakapera nekuda kwekutsamwa.
- Helmut Kohl akanyora akati wandei bhuku memoirs.
- Pazera ramakore gumi nematanhatu, akabatana neChristian - Democratic Union.
Ndangariro
- 2004 - "Ndangariro, 1930 - 1982"
- 2005 - "Memoirs. 1982 - 1990 "
- 2007 - "Memoirs. 1990 - 1994 "