Biography
Munyori weRussia Satir Ev Evese Petry Petrov akazozivikanwa mushure mekuburitswa kwemabhuku "macheya gumi nemaviri", "mhuru yendarama", "nyaya yeAmerica" uye "muhondo"
Evgeny Petrovich Kataev (zita chairo reRevhi) rakazvarwa musi waDecember 13, 1902 muOdessa. Kana vanhu vasinga zive nebasa uye nehupenyu hwaEugene vakaverenga Autobiography yake, ivo vane fungidziro yekuti Musiki ararame kwete chaizvo, asi iyo yakakodzera Soviet Union. Yakanga yakasununguka, yakanyora kuti ndaida, ndakafamba-famba pasi rose uye nenzira inoshamisa kudzivisa kusungwa uye kudzvinyirirwa panguva dzavakasimwa zvakatenderedza.
Chokwadi, kana iwe ukachera zvakadzika, zvinoitika kuti hupenyu chaihwo hweMutori wezvechitori venhau hwakanga hwakasiyana neyekutanga biography. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kwemakore akati wandei, hapana chaiziva chaizvo zuva rechokwadi rekuzvarwa reEugene, saka mune zvese Encyclopedias akaratidzwa Gumiguru 1903. Chete kana muma1960s, vashandi veOdessa Archives vakawana bhuku reMetric umo zuva rekuzvarwa uye rubhabhatidzo rakanyorwa, zvese zvikawira munzvimbo.
Baba Munyori - Peter Vasilvich Kataev - akashanda semudzidzisi mune diocesan uye uncervky odessa kuunganidzwa. Amai vaEugene - Ukraine kubva kuPoltava, vakafa kubva mukuzvimba kwemapapu mune mwedzi vashoma mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwanakomana wechipiri (munyori ane mukoma mukuru valentin).
Zvinozivikanwa kuti Kakao aimbove raibhurari yemhuri yakawandisa, asi mabhuku ekare haana kukwezva Eugene. Mukomana anobvunza akaverengerwa nemabhuku eGustav emar, Robert Lewis Stevenson uye Jack London.
Muna 1920, Evgeny akapedza kudzidza kubva pa5th desessa. Shamwari yepamoyo, vakomana vakatopika nekupokana kwekuvimbika: Ivo vanogura chidimbu cheminwe yegirazi uye ropa rakasanganiswa). Runyorwa rwemangwana, mukati memwedzi yakati wandei, vakashanda semunyori weUkraine telegraph Acgency, uye mushure - iyo Criminal Invest Instpegation muOdessa.
Vashoma vanhu vanoziva, asi muna 1922 panguva yekudzinga katasout katasi pachavo vakaisa shamwari yake Kozachinsky, avo vakatungamira boka revaranda. Pashure pacho, munyori akawana kudzoreredzwa kwechikonzero chake chemhosva. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Alexander haana kupfurwa, akatumira kumisasa.
Iyi nyaya yakazotevera yakaenda pahwaro hwenhoroondo yeiyo "Green van", iyo prototype yehunhu hukuru hweiyo - volodyta patrikeev - yakava petrov. Zvakare, pabasa muna 1959 na1983, mafirimu akabviswa.
Makore matatu gare gare, Kataev akatamira kuMoscow. Ikoko, jaya racho rakazvidzora - chinyorwa. Yatova muna 1924, iyo yekutanga foueton uye nyaya pasi pePseudonym petrov yakaonekwa mumagazini yeSatirical "Red Pepper". Kwenguva yemazuva ake ebasa satirik akashandisa mamwe ma pseudonyms. Izvo zvakaitwa, nekuti munyori aisada kuti mabasa ake azadzwe kuhama yake.
Kutanga kushandira pamwe neIlya Ilfom, Evgeny Petrov akaburitsa kanopfuura makumi mashanu nenhau uye Satirical nyaya dzakasiyana siyana uye dzakaburitsa matatu akazvimiririra. Muna 1926, vachishanda mupepanhau reGudok, vaburikidzi vakaziva ILya ilya, uyo waanenge achiona zvekutanga akagadzirisa zvinyorwa zvepepanhau reGudok, uye zvakare akaumbwa nemirairo yemadhirowa uye faketeni "vercythach".
Hondo yakati yatanga, petrov yakava mutori wemauto muSovmebüro. Akanyora prints Soviet uye kubasa, kazhinji kwenguva refu, akashanyira kumberi. Kana munyori akadzoka kubva pasi peMaloyaroslaver a akashandiswa kuputika mafungu.
Pasinei nenyaya yekuti vaburitidzi havana kutaura, iye sezvaaizotara mamiriro ake kubva kune vamwe vake uye hama. Zvinozivikanwa kuti nekukurumidza kana zvave nyore, mutori wenhau akabva angotora kunyora nezve kurwa kweMoloyaroslave.
Konstantin Simonov, uyo akatanga kushanyira Petrov mune imwe nguva yekumberi kuenda kumberi, akayeuka kuti Eugene akaoma zvakanyanya kubva pamwoyo isina simba. Mudiki Simoov akagara achipa rubatsiro rwaKatasha, asi Petrov akaramba zvakanaka uye akafara paakatengeswa kana kuti vakasvika kumahofisi makuru.
Mabhuku
Muzhizha ra1927, Ilf nePetrov vakatora rwendo kuenda kuCrimea, iyo Caucasus uye yakashanyira Odssa. Vakatungamira rwendo rwendo diary. Gare gare, fungidziro yerwendo urwu rwakaverengerwa muuto "macheya gumi nemaviri", iro rakabudiswa muna 1928 mumagazini yemwedzi yamwedzi "makumi matatu". Novel yaive nebudiriro huru kubva kuvaverengi, asi yaisangana zvakanyanya nevatsoropodzi vezvinyorwa zvekuverenga. Kunyangwe pamberi pekuburitswa kwekutanga, kutevedzera zvakazara zvakamupikira. Nenguva isipi bhuku racho rakatanga kududzira mumitauro yeEurope, uye akabudiswa munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope.
Iyo inotevera notel yaive "mhuru yendarama" (1931). Pakutanga, basa racho rakadhindwa nezvikamu mumazuva makumi matatu "mazuva makumi matatu". MunaSeptember 1931, Ilya Ilf neEveny Petrov akaendeswa kudzidziso dzehondo dzvuku mudunhu reBelarussian remauto. Maererano nezvinhu zverwendo rwe rwendo rwuri mumagazini "Mazuva makumi matatu", chinyorwa "nyaya yakaoma" yakabudiswa. Kubva 1932, Ilf nePetrov vakadhindwa muPravda pepanhau.
Muna 1935-1936, vanyori vakafamba rwendo kuenda kuUnited States, mhedzisiro yeiyo yaive bhuku rinonzi "one-nyaya America" (1937). Zvakare mukubatana neIlya Ilf, zvinyorwa "nyaya dzisina kujairika kubva kuguta reKolocelamsk" (1928-1929), hunhu hwakajeka "(1928), noths" Zuva, uye madhirii mamwe mabasa anoshamisa mazhinji.
Kubatana kwekusika kwevanyori kwakakanganisa rufu rwelf muna 1937. Kataa akaita zvakawanda zvekusimudzira ndangariro dzeshamwari yake. Muna 1939, akaburitsa "mabhuku" eIlya Ilf, uye akazobereka akanyora kuti anonzi "shamwari yangu." Chokwadi, bhuku racho harina kupedzwa uye chete makateki emunhu uye sarudzo dzakatumidzwa dzakachengetedzwa.
Peruavasia petrov ari ehuwandu hwemafirimu. Mukubatana neIlya Ilf, "Black Barack" (1933), "Pane imwe nguva" (1936) yakagadzirwa. Gare gare muCo-kunyora neGeorge Mongublite, "Mumhanzi Nyaya" Akaonekwa (1940), "Anton Ivanovich akatsamwa" (1941).
Woga Kaatev akanyora mamiriro ezvinhu emafirimu "Tikha Ukraa Husiku" uye "Air Cany Crrider". Izvo zvinozivikanwawo kuti munyori akashanda pane script yefirimu "circus", asi pakupedzisira ini handina kukumbira kuti arege kuratidza surname yangu muzvikwereti.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, mafirimu anogadzirwa nemabasa eireru nePetrov: "Mhuru yendarama" (1968), "Macheya gumi nemaviri" (1971), "ILF uye Tramus's Tram" (1972). Zvakare pane yekutamba KATAEVA "Chitsuwa chenyika" Shot nekatuni "Mr. Vanyori" (1949).
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukadzi waEugene anonzi Valentina, akange ari mudiki pane makore masere. Petrov akashamisa mudiwa wake mazuva ese uye akaita zvese zvekuti kunyemwerera hakuna kuenda kumunhu. Vechidiki vanoshayiwa simba hukama kana musikana asina kana gumi nemapfumbamwe. Mushure memuchato, munyori akaramba mukadzi wake semafungiro ekuremekedza. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti imba haina kana simba rehukama neushamwari hwakasununguka, kupararira kuma1920s munzvimbo yebhemiya.
Vanakomana vaviri vakaberekerwa muhumiro uhwu - Petro (yakatumidzwa zita rababa) neIlya (rakatumidzwa zita reshamwari). Maererano neMumhanzi wezambuko wemunyori, ambuya vake kusvika pakufa kwerufu (muna1991) vakaramba vachidya murume wake uye vasina kumbobvisa mhete kwavari.
Eveny uye mwanakomana mukuru wechinyakare akava mushandi wefirimu, akabvisa matepi mazhinji eSoviet. Mudiki Illa akashanda nemunyori, akanyora mimhanzi kune mashoma mafirimu uye serims.
Rufu
Petrov akapona shamwari yake Ilya kwemakore mashanu. Mushure mekufa kwe ilf, rufu rwakafamba chaizvo kuseri kwevaErgenia pachiitsitsinho. Kana munyori mumunyori wekurovedza muviri wejymnasium akananga kuSulfide, uye zvainge zvisina kuputirwa kunze mumhepo nyowani. Ipapo cyclist yakapfurwa neveruzhinji muMilan, uye akapotsa awira pasi pemavhiri acho achidarika mota.
Munguva yeHondo yeFinnish, goko rakawira mukona reimba, umo munyori wenyaya "Bluudad baba" akarara husiku. Pasi peMoscow, mutori wenhau akawira pasi pemigodhi evaGerman uye haana kupona. Mugore rimwe chetero, iyo screenwriter yakadzungudza zvigunwe zvemukova wepamberi "Emiki". Zvakaitika apo mhepo yeGerman yanga yarova munyori, uye aifanira kusiya mota ndokumhanya muimba yekumberi.
Musiki akafa panguva yehondo huru yaanoteerera? Kana wechipiri waChikunguru 1942, Evgeny akadzokera ku ndege kuenda kuMoscow, mutyairi, achisiya bhomba, akadzika bhomba, kukwiridzira kubhururuka. Kune vanhu vakati wandei vaive muchikepe, Petrov chete, aive 38 panguva iyoyo.
Izvo zvakasara zvemunyori zvakavigwa muRostv Dunhu mumusha weMankovo-Kaltinsky.
BHAIBHERI
- 1922 - "Basa Rwechokwadi"
- 1924 - "Asina Kupisa"
- 1926 - "Joy Megas"
- 1927 - "Pasina chirevo"
- 1928 - "Zvega Zvemakeu gumi nemaviri"
- 1928 - "Hunhu hwakajeka"
- 1929 - "Cap"
- 1931 - "Mhuru yendarama"
- 1934 - "Reppe yeHupenyu Rakanyarara"
- 1936 - "Nyaya Dzesimba Imwe-
- 1942 - "Muhondo"
- 1942 - "Front Diary"
- 1965 - "Rwendo rwekuenda kuCommunism" (isina kupera)