Biography
Tarenda rake rinoyemura Charlie Charlie Charlie Raclie Charnike amene, Ivan Grozny "" Kubudirira Kwazvo Mumhando yeMafirimu Akanyonzi. " Hollywood pakati pa1920s akakoka nyuchi yechidiki kuti ashande muAmerica, uye "mutungamiri wemarudzi ese" akamupa madzinza maviri akasungwa. Asi kuti chibudirire, munhu asina kunaka akadzika aive akavanda, kuti ane mufaro womufaro uye rusununguko rwekugadzira rwakatsiviwa nemitsetse ye kushungurudzika uye kutambudzwa.
Mudzidzi ane tarenda emunharaunda yeVsedolod, iyo Cinema Theorist, uyo akange amire pedyo necradle yake, anogadzira, itsneshstein akafira paTheoff, haana nguva yekuunza hupenyu nehafu yeakazvarwa .
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ramangwana rakasarudzika reCinema rakazvarwa muna Ndira 1898 muRiga, ipapo Hushe hweRussia. Sergey yakakura mumhuri ine hupfumi, uko vabereki vaviri vane rudo vakaita chishuwo chidiki cheMwanakomana mudiki, akafanana nemutumwa ane bvudzi remucheka uye grey-grey-yebhuruu maziso. Riorick kana katsi, mukomana sezvaakadanwa, akazorora muzhizha mumahombekombe ezhizha, vamwe vakasara vakaenda kuCiscus, iyo synativeli uye iyo yemitambo.
Mumba maEiseniTein, pakanga paine vashanyi vanozivikanwa, machinda emadhorobha uye vatengesi. Mahoridhe akapemberera aine chiyero. Kwegore idzva - muti weKisimusi mune zvishongo zveGiredhi kuenda kuSiling, pamazuva ekuzvarwa eRorika - gadheni mukuvhenekerwa, zviitwa zvepamba uye zvipo zvemakomo. Uye kana zvisiri makarobhoti evabereki, mwana wemukomana aigona godo vezera rimwe nerimwe.
Baba venguva yemberi vanokunda vekuStalinist premiums - Mikhailiilazenstein (gare gare Eisenstein) - zvakaitika kumhuri yemutengesi wechiJudha, akagara muKiev. Mikhail Osipevich akadzidza pane mugadziri uye akagara mune yakakosha, asvika panzvimbo yemubhadharo wemazano uye kugamuchira estate yakanaka. MuRiga uye nhasi kune dzimba dzakawanda dzakagadzirwa naye.
Asi hwaro hwehutano hwemhuri hukuru hwekutyaira. Sekuru Sergey Eisonstein for Amai - Ivan Silledky - yaive ne "Nevsky Barge Sporting". Ndakaviga mutengesi ane kukudzwa - muAlexander Nevy Lavra. Mwanasikana waJulia akatanga kupfuma. Mumba maEisenia vakachengeta muranda.
Iyo Crystal Nyika yeMhuri-iri kupwanywa kune Smithenars. Maitiro ekufananidza Amai vakaenda kuSt. Petersburg, mwanakomana wake akagara nababa vake muRiga.
Akadururira mai vake kuna mai vake, naJulia vakarara kukatana nezvipo, vasina kumuona. Eisonstein Jr. Akagamuchira Rudzi Rwakanakisa: Zvine zvinyoro-nyoro ndega mitauro yekune dzimwe nyika, yakaridza piyano, yakapendwa, yakatorwa mifananidzo, yakachengetwa muchigaro.
Mukudonha kwa1914, Sergei Eisonstein akapedza chikoro muRiga uye gore rakatevera akazova mudzidzi weinjiniya University muSt. Petersburg, uyo akamborega kubva kuna baba vake.
Mwanakomana akazviisa kuna mubereki, asi iyo yekuzvivakwa haina kukwezva jaya: mundangariro dzake, chimesiki chakajeka chakabatwa nemifananidzo yemazano eciscus uye synomatograpur muhudiki. Uye zvakare - mapuranga emuvhi yemuvhi anoonekwa muParis, Fillmed neFrance Director George Mel, muvambi akakosha uye piyona wefirimu fungidziro yefirimu.
Mafirimu
Oktyabrskaya Revolution Eisenstein, Kusiyana nababa vake, vakabvumirwa kufuridzirwa. Akapinda mumapoka emauto matsvuku anozvipira. Pakati peino nguva, nyaya yake yekugadzira yakatanga. Eisonstein aive achigadzirira mafoni enhare, makakate katuni uye caricatures pamitauro, akafara nekuparadzwa kwehupenyu hweBourgeois.
Muna 1920, ramangwana remangwana remudiridzi rakatumirwa kunodzidza kune vashandi vezvechikoro. Sergey Eisenstein akatora kudzidza kweJapan, asi chinhu chikuru - akauya kuMoscow, uko hupenyu hwetsika hwaive hwakawira, pane zviitiko zvitsva zvakagadzirwa.
Pasina nguva, Eisonstein akatora nguva yakareba yakarepo: Ini ndinoisa zviitiko zviri mumitambo yeProstricultural uye akadzidza pamakosi ezvidzidzo zveVSevolod Meody.
Iyo defut firimu yemutungamiriri wechidiki yakabuda muna 1924: Sergey Eisenstein yakaraira mufananidzo weiyo-Russian Street nzira ye "kuiswa kweiyo shumba trotsky pane manomwe-chiuru rally .
MunaDecember, censorship akatendera tepi, uye munaNovember, Trotsky akawira mukusafarirwa. Iye mutungamiriri aive akamirira kushandurwa kweiyo firimu, asi haana kukurumidza. Nekuti izvi, Eisena, sezvaaisi shamwari dzake nevatorwa naye, vakadzinga kunze kweProbhe. Chidzidzo kubva kuSoviet Simba Sergei Eisenstein Haina Kubatsira: Akaramba achingopa mafirimu nekuda kwekuremesa.
1925, kunyangwe kushungurudzika kune nyanzvi yehunyanzvi uye emahara emunhu, akazova kukunda kwaEisonstein. Director vakabvisa firimu rake guru sedelly - iyo pendi "potemkin battleship". Nyaya yeBunte iri pachikepe inobva pane zviitiko chaicho, Sergey Mikhailovich chete akasimbisa pfungwa.
Mufananidzo uyu wakasara kuti uve nesimba rakawanda zvekuti hazvina kugadziriswa kuratidza kumadokero. MuFrance, "armkin's armadaprs" akaona muna 1953, uye muJapan muna 1959.
Mushure mekuburitswa kwechikoro chefirimu, Sergei Eisenstein akamuka. Gore rakatevera, Soviet Genius akakumbirwa kuHollywood. Joseph Stalin, achisimbisa mwoyo, rega tirege kuendeswa kune rwendo rurefu rwebhizinesi. Asati aenda, akatora mufananidzo "October", asi aive akabudirira zvishoma.
Vari munzira kuenda kuUnited States, Eisenstein akashanyira Europe. Mitauro mitatu, akataura paradio, iverengere hurukuro kuSecbonne, akasangana naBernard Shaw, Greta Garbo uye Feder Shalyapin.
MuAmerica, iyo firimu yakanaka yechiyero che "Potemkin" yakamirira kubva kuRussia yakakura yeCinema, asi pane zvinhu zveAmerica. EISSSTEIN YAKAITWA PAKUTI DZVIMBO YEMADZIMAI PAKATI PAKUTI NOKUDZIDZA YEMAHARA, asi mushure memwedzi wemutungamiriri, kuora mwoyo "kupomera mhosva yematongerwo enyika.
"Tsvuku" mafiresi akabhadhara nzira yekumba, uye Sergey Eiseenstein akaenda kuSoviet Union kuburikidza naHawaii, Japan neChina. MuMexico, pasi pechibvumirano nemunyori weSocialist, Eppton Sinclair akaora mufananidzo "Long live Mexico!", Asi mukati mebasa, Stalin akatumira telegraph kuti vadzokere. Charlie Chaplin, akaona chikamu chekutanga chemutepi chinonzi "dutu pamusoro peMexico City", akaridaidza iyo "yakanakisa yenyika firimu".
Dzimba Sergey Eisonstein akamirira kutonhora kwekutenga uye kuparadzaniswa kwemutungamiri. Stalin akachengeta kuti Eisen haina kukwanisa "kukambaira zvakare mune makuru mafirimu evashandi veUSSR." Kubva pakumupa zvaakachengetedza kureverera kwaAndrei zhdanov uye vyachachav Molotor. Matatu kubva pakufa, akadzidzisa muVGI, kudzidzisa vadzidzi vevadzidzi uye tsika yezvirongwa zvematongerwo enyika.
Muchirimo cha1953, Sergei Eisenstein akadzokera kubasa uye akatora nyaya yenhoroondo yePavlik Morozov, achidana mufananidzo "bezhin mei". Iyo huru manejimendi yeCinematography, pasina dhipoziti isina firimu isina mafirimu, yakagadzirwa mugwaro, asi director haana kutora. Chinhu chinodiwa kuderedza chiitiko nekukundwa kwechechi, Sergei Eisenstein haana hanya uye akazviita chinhu chikuru.
Basa pafirimu rakakanganisa chirwere - director yakarwara nezvikamu zvitema. Paakapora, Episode vakaona vatariri manejimendi uye vakarairwa kuti varegedze mbichana. Eisonstein akaramba. Makore maviri ekutanga, kukundwa kutsoropodza uye kusangana nevakuru zvaive zvisiri pasina: Sergey Eisenstein yaive padanho rekuzviuraya.
Tenzi vakadzokera kubasa muna 1938, makore matatu gare gare. Chiitiko cheiyi blockbuster yaive mumaoko ake - iyo nhoroondo yemifananidzo "Alexander Nevsky". Eisenstein's yakaderera-budget firimu yakaita kuti igone kupfura zvisingaite kubva kunzwira tsitsi. Asi Eisen ane hunyanzvi akashamiswa zvakare, achibvisa hunyanzvi hwekufananidza ne "potemkin".
Ini ndaifarira mufananidzo wacho kuStalin, uye mutungamiriri wegweta akaunzwa kurongeka kwe lenin, uyezve mubairo weStalinist. Mukutanga 1941, tenzi akatora Internet yekupedzisira "Ivan Grozny" tepi. Izvo zvakapihwa kuti ubvise.
Nekuda kwehondo yaakatanga, kupfura kwaienda kuAlma-Ata, vakashanda manheru - magetsi akange asina kukwana. Grozny akaridza Nikolai Cherkasov, aimbove achitamba neVsky. Director vakaputsa ribhoni kuita zvikamu zvitatu. Wokutanga akabuda muna 1944 uye anofarira Generalissimuus - Sergey Eisenstein yakapihwa yechipiri Stalinist premium.
Joseph Visarionvich akatendera mufananidzo wamambo, uchibata naOkrichnina: Mumufananidzo wegamba guru, Stalin wakazviona. Asi chikamu chechipiri chakamutsa kutsamwa kwemutungamiriri: INI, Ivan Grozny kuti mudzvanyiriri uye muurayi, pakupera kwehupenyu hwehana inotambudzwa. Sergey Eisenstein akafudza njodzi, asi ini handina kuisa nyaya nenyaya dzenyaya.
Muna 1946, director aive nechokutanga kurwiswa kwemoyo. Nhau dzerufu rweRufu rweRufu rwaAmai uye runoshanda pakupedzisira rwakava nehutano hwakadzama, asi maEisonstein akatora kupfura kwechikamu chetatu che tepi.
MunaFebruary 1947, scandaal yakatanga: Stalin akatarisa chikamu cheGumi yeIvan zvinotyisa uye akarairwa kuti adzorere nhaurwa. Sergey Eisenstein akabvuma, asi chokwadi chaive chisiri kuzoita kurongeka. Kusimbisa nekuchinja, akachengeta mufananidzo kune vazukuru. Haana kumbokwanisa kusiya chikamu chechitatu.
Hupenyu Hwako
Rwiyo rwemhuri runopupurira kuSergey Eisonstein rave muhudiki, dzakapesvedzera hukama hwake nevakadzi. Zviripadzikadzi, Eisonstein akaroora aine makore makumi matatu nemasere pane vintageenist pereva atacheva (Pearl Fogelman). Vakasangana vachiri kushanda pa "Battleship" Potemkin ". Mukadzi akarota achienda kumurume wake, asi akava shamwari, mukoti uye pamwe chete naye.
Kudzoka kubva kune dzimwe nyika mushure mebhizinesi remakore mashanu-makore ebhizinesi, Sergei Eisenstein akaparadzaniswa kubva kune mumwe mukadzi. Muna 1930, iyo nzvimbo yeiyo nzvimbo yakatorwa neye mubatsiri Elena Telenaev. Iye akanzi "mukadzi wemagetsi." Asi zvakazobatanidza kuwirirana kwaive kupurika. Iyo yekunyanyisa kuwanda kwehumhandara hwake hwemumhandara hunowanikwa mune dzidziso dzeSigmund freud. Kurambwa kweNyunari Joys Eisenstein akatsanangura kukosha kwekutanga.
"Pasina kugunun'una - ndiri nyore estete a la Oscar Wilde," akadaro kumuchinda weAmerican Marie Setton.Muchitoro cheSergey Eisonstein, mazana emombe dzeungochani dzematreni, asi pasina ruzivo runogutsa rwemutungamiriri wemutungamiriri nevarume nevarume. Nguva pfupi asati afa kwaEisensin akaroora zvakare akaroora kuAsheva, mushure mekufa kwaMatra, iyo chirikadzi yepamutemo, maneja maneja.
Rufu
Eisenstein akafa kubva pakurwiswa kwemoyo waFebruary 1948. Akafira pazera rimwe chete kuti baba vaive makumi mashanu nemashanu. Director yakavigwa pachikamu chechina cheNovderevichy Cemetery muguta guru.Filmography
- 1924 - "Simba"
- 1925 - "Potemkin's Armadiole"
- 1927 - "Gumiguru"
- 1929 - Asturm La Sarras
- 1929 - "Chembere neNew"
- 1930 - "Vanosimbisa Romance"
- 1931 - "Live live Mexico!"
- 1933 - "Dutu pamusoro peMexico Guta"
- 1935-1637 - "Bezhin Mead"
- 1938 - "Alexander Nevsky"
- 1940 - "Nguva Muzuva"
- 1941 - "Mexico Sypephony"
- 1941 - "Pasi Pasi"
- 1944-1946 - "Ivan Grozny"