Biography
Nechinguva chidiki chekuverenga, America yakakwanisa kusiya nhaka huru. Mako twin, jack London, Margaret Mitchell, Edgar na: Harper Lee, DistO King, vaigara uye vari mumabhuku evanyori ava vanonzwa iwo iwo mweya mumwe chete, National Flavor uye chimwe chinhu kusanzwisisika, asi kubatana. Zvichida manzwiro akasimba zvakanyanya kukonzera anoshanda neiyo inozivikanwa American Classic Francis Scott Fitzgerald.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Francis akaberekerwa mumhuri yevanobva kune dzimwe nyika kubva kuIreland. Sekuru vake pamari yemutungamiriri Firipi Monillan, kutamisa kuUnited States, vakakwanisa kumira patsoka dzake munyika itsva uye vapfumi. Asi Eduard Fitzgerald, uyo akabuda kubva kuIreland akafanana - baba vemunyori wenguva yemberi, vakatadza kuzadzisa izvo zvakafanana. Eduard haana kunyatsopfurwa nemagumo, saka Molly Mckilan akatungamira kuvabereki vemurume anotevera murume, vaiyedza kudzingirira musikana kubva kumabhiza asina kuvimbika.
Pakupedzisira, Edward uye Molly akaridza muchato, nekuti murume wekare mcquill aifanira kutsungirira izvi uye pakutanga kubatsira mhuri ichangobva kuitwa. Gare gare, Chet Fitzgeralds akatanga bhizinesi uye aigona kuzvipa.
Dambudziko chete rakashungurudzwa nemhuri yechidiki yaive yekufa kwevana vaviri vekutanga. Naizvozvo, vaviri vaviri vaisanzwisisika, kana mwanakomana akamirira kwenguva refu musi waSeptember 24, 1896. Mukomana akasarudzwa kudaidza Francis Scott.
Sezvo Francis nehanzvadzi yake Louise vaive nhengo dzemhuri yeKaturike, saka vana vekutanga vedzidzo vakagamuchira muzvikoro zveKaturike. Mukomana akapedza kudzidza kubva kuChikoro cheSt. Paul (Saint Paul Academy), ari mumamiriro ekunze eMinnesota.
Iyo yechidiki Fitzgerald muchikoro cheNewman), iri muMassachusetts yakaramba ichidzidza. Kudzidza kuNewman Chikoro, Francis akashandisa nguva yake yekuzvidzidza nguva yemahara.
Mushure mekupedza chikoro chakazvimirira, murume akatamira kuNew Jersey kuti apinde Princeton University. Semudzidzi weyunivhesiti yakavimbika yeyunivhesiti, Fitzgerald akafunga nezve basa remunyori uye mamiriro emumhanzi wevakadzi. Francis akatora chikamu mumakwikwi ekunyora, asi haana kukanganwa nezve chimiro chemuviri kutevera: Fitzgerald zvakare akapinda muchikwata chebhola yemusasa.
Nekudaro, iyo yunivhesiti haina kutendeudzira yunivhesiti. Panzvimbo pezvo, muna 1917, akaenda kuhondo muna 1917, kupi, nenzira, akakwanisa kuvaka basa, ave kusvika zita remutungamiriri wezvemitemo wekutengesa.
Muna1919, Fitzgererald akasiya mauto mauto. Zvirongwa zveGuy vaive muchato naZelda Seyra, musikana akanaka kubva kumhuri inoremekedzwa kubva kuAlabama. Asi muchato uyu wakadzivirirwa nevabereki veZelda, zvairangarira kuti haafanire kupa mwanasikana wake kuti murume uyu, anga achangobva kuuto uye asina mari yakagadzikana. Chokwadi ichocho chinonhuwira chekupedzisira - dzokorora chiitiko kubva mugumo waBaba naAmai!
Francis Scott akasarudza kuti kana akazova munyori anozivikanwa, ipapo vabereki vemusikana vacho vacho vachinja pfungwa. Fitzgerald akatamira kuNew York, kwaakatanga kurarama, achishanda semumiriri anoshambadzira, uye munguva yake yemahara - kunyora chinyorwa cheDhinda.
Mabhuku
Runyararo rwapera rwe "romantic egoist" Francis akatumira dzimba huru dzekuburitsa idzva dzeNew York, asi mukupindura akatadza chete. Yakava nekurova kwakasimba kumurume. Akatanga kunwa, uye akabva atyaira Jobho. Akasiiwa asina kana aripo, akadzokera kuimba yevabereki.
Kufonera zvishoma, Fitzgerald inosarudza kururamisa manyoro, ayo anotungamira kunyorwazve kwaro kubva pakukanda. Kopi nyowani yeiyo Novice Novelist inotumira vaparidzi zvakare. Kubva kuCharles Sincber Mariri, mukuru anotaura kuti basa raFrancis rakasiyana chaizvo nezvose zvinobudiswa izvozvi. Asi muparidzi akagadzirira kutora mukana uye kusunungura bhuku, sezvinotenda mukubudirira kwake.
Musi waKurume 26, 1920, iyo yakanyorwazve "inodanana" inoenda kumwanakomana waCharles emunyori anonzi "kudivi riripedyo". Bhuku racho rinova mubatsiri (mumakore iwayo rakanga risiri rakashandiswa izwi iri, asi nhasi mhedzisiro yekutengeswa kweNopel yaizodaidzwa nenzira iyi), munyori ane mukurumbira, uye Zelda Seyir - Mwenga Fitzgerald.
Kuwedzera Francis anonyora nyaya dzeAlmanacs nemagazini akakurumbira, nyaya idzi dzichabudiswa mukuunganidza kwake kwekutanga "rakanyatsonaka". Muna May 1922, nyaya ye "nhoroondo ye" nhoroondo yeBenjamini "inobudiswa muCollier vhiki nevhiki, uyo anotosimba fitzgereld panzvimbo yemunyori wechizvarwa chitsva - chizvarwa cheJazazi.
Pasinei nokuzvarwa kwemwanasikana wake, Francis uye Zolda anotanga kutungamira mararamiro echic uye kuve magamba eMakororo ekunyika. Maitiro avo ese akasarudzika zvechokwadi nehuremu uye causticity. Muna 1922, Fitzgereralds anowana imba itsva-yakavakwa muManhattan. Ikoko kuri kuti munyori anotanga kushanda pa "gatshi hombe".
Panguva imwecheteyo, Francis anoburitsa bhuku rake repiri - "rakanaka uye akatongerwa basa rake ".
Muna 1924, Fitzgererald inosarudza kuenda kuEurope. Munguva yerwendo rwake, ane nguva yekuwana vandinozivana, pamwe nekuita shamwari naErnest Hemingway, avo vaigara panguva yeParis. MuAmerican, panguva ino, yechitatu yeRoma Francnis ichibuda - "gatshi hombe", pamwe nefirimu rake richicheka, kupfura naHerbert Benon.
Kudzokera kuAmailand, munyori akaburitsa kumwe kuunganidzwa, izvo zvaidaidzwa kuti "vechidiki vese ava vakasuwa", mushure meiyo bhendi dema rinotanga muhupenyu hwe Fitzgerald. Betsero dzinoonekwa seyakaruka chikonzero kubva kumukadzi wake uye kutanga kwekuvandudza kwake Schizophrenia. Kugadzirira Zelda inokundikana. Francis zvakare akapindwa muropa nedoro, iyo inotungamira kune dambudziko rekusika.
Muna 1934, chisingatarisirwi, bhuku nyowani remunyori rinobuda - "husiku", zvichibva pamabhuku ake.
Gare gare fitzgerald inosarudza kuchinja vetet yechiito uye inova mutungamiriri weHollywood. Nekutora chikamu chake, pakanga paine matepi mazhinji emakore iwayo, asi kubudirira kukuru kwakakura " Chishamiso, mune chero yeaya mafirimu mugumi, zita remunyori harina kutaurwa.
Muna 1939, Fitzgerald anotanga kushanda pa "yekupedzisira kukura" - chinyorwa pamusoro pechingwa cheHollywood. Uyu wenhau anozosunungurwa kare, pamwe neunganidzwa "ibwedu" uye "mutengo wekurerwa kwakanaka."
Fitzgerald inogona kungoendesa mweya wenguva iyoyo. Izvi zvakatungamira mukubuda kwenyika dzakawanda dzemabhuku ake. "Great" Gatsby "(1974) yeJack Clayton naRobert Redford uye Mii Sporrown naRobert De Niro," Nhoroondo Yasinganzwisisike Blanchetta, pamwe ne "Gatsby"
Zvakare muna 2016, "Yekupedzisira Magnate" yakatevedzana yakabuda pazvinhu zvacho. Matt Bommer uye Lily Collins akazadzikiswa mune itsva Screenplay. Iyi haisiyo chete terevhizheni yeTerevhizheni yemabasa eFitzgerald - paTV, zvese zvisingaite zvekuongorora mabasa emunyori uye kujaira nyaya dzeTV yeTV inoratidza "uye" kugumisa ".
Hupenyu Hwako
Kubva 1920 kusvika 1940, Fitzgerald aive akaroora Syy. Musi wa6 Gumiguru, 1921, vaviri vaviri vaive nemwanasikana.
Mushure mekurambana naZelda Fitzgerald, kazhinji vakasangana nemutori venhau vanonyora nezve nhau dzeHollywoo dzezvinyorwa zvakakura. Sarudzo itsva dzaFrancis dzinonzi Sheila Graham. Pamwe chete vaigara zvishoma, kufa kwemunyori kwaishandira serufu.
Rufu Francis Scott Fitzgerald
Iye munyori akafa musi waDecember 21, 1940.
Mukuru chikonzero cherufu kurwiswa kwemoyo, zvisinei, shamwari nevazivikanwe vakavimbisa kuti kunyangwe zvakadaro Francis havana kuzoitwa nedoro, raakange achinyengedza mushure mekurambana naZelda.
BHAIBHERI
- 1920 - "Nenzira iyi yeParadhiso"
- 1922 - "Nhoroondo Inoshamisa yeBenjamini Batton"
- 1922 - "Kunaka uye Kutongwa"
- 1923 - "Nhau dzekereke dzezana reJazz"
- 1925 - "Great Gatsby"
- 1926 - "Vechidiki vese ava"
- 1934 - "Night" Husiku "
- 1935 - "Wake-Masaini"
- 1941 - "Yekupedzisira MagnA"
- 1945 - "Wrecker"