Biography
Kusikwa kweRussia Artist Ilya Repin - munzvimbo inokosha munyika yokumusha kwake uye kunze kwenyika. Basa renyorendi ndiyo chinhu chinopenya munhoroondo yenyika, nekuti Musiki wePendi "Burlaki paVolga" anenge akatanga kunzwa munharaunda, airatidza hunyanzvi hwekufamba kwekuratidzira.
Nhoroondo, Chitendero, kusarongeka kwenzanga, runako rwemunhu uye zvakasikwa - Repin yakafukidza misoro yose uye ichishandiswa chipo che art chizere. Kubereka paurita kunoshamisa: Ilya Efimovich akataura nyika yemapani emachira akanyorwa mumhando yechokwadi. Ini handina kurega kunyange mukweguru akakura, ndisati ndafa, apo maoko asina kuteerera Tenzi.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mambokadzi wechokwadi realism akaberekerwa muzhizha ra 1844 mune yeKarkiv Province. Huduku uye vechidiki vakapfuura muguta reMaloresian reChiguyev, uko iyo isina kuchinjika cossack yakavhenganiswa, sekuru nasekuru, yakanga yambogara. Vasily Efimovich aichengetedza iyo Inn uye vaitengesa.
Baba Ilya Repin - mukuru wevana, vakatengesa mabhiza, vachidzingira mapoka ake mazana matatu kubva kuDonets (Rostostv Digts). Kudzoka Soldier Efim Vasilvich Repin yakatora chikamu mumakwikwi matatu emauto uye aigara muSolbozhenchin kusvika zuva rekupedzisira.
Gare gare, vavariro dzeUkraine iri pabasa reIlya Repin vakatora nzvimbo yakakosha, kubatana nenzvimbo diki, iyo artist haina kumbotendeuka.
Simba romukadzi rakapiwa naAmai, mukadzi akadzidza uye kusimuka kweTatyana Bucharov. Kune vana vevatengesi, mukadzi akaronga chikoro panodzidziswa uye arithmetic uye arithmetic. Vana Tatyana Stepanovna Louge kuverenga nhetembo dzeAlexander puskin naMikhail lermontov, uye apo mhuri yaida mari, yakashevedzwa majasi ehutsinye padzinga.
Muimbi weiyo ILLY ILEJI akavhura Sekuru Babamunini, vachiuya nemaruva emvura kuenda kuimba. Mukomana akaona mutema uye chena emvura muarufabheti pasi pebrashi mune mavara, uye akanyangarika nekuda kwevamwe. Ilya haina kunyatsonwa kubva pakudhirowa kuti adayadi.
Pa11, Ilya Repin akapiwa chikoro cheTopographic - basa racho rakaonekwa seyakanaka. Asi apo inzvimbo yedzidzo mushure memakore maviri, muimbi wechidiki akawana mudzidzi mune icon-yakapendwa musangano. Pano pano akadzidzisa izvo zvekutanga zvekupenda, uye munguva pfupi makomputa kubva pamavhosva akarara nemirairo yemusangano, achikumbira kutumira kwavari ILLYA.
Muna 16, iyo yekugadzira biography yechidiki pendi yakaramba iri mu icon Pying, uko ILoma Relin yakagadziriswa mumambo makumi maviri nemasere pamwedzi.
Muzhizha, maAltelers akafamba, achitsvaga maodha kunze kwedunhu. Mu voronezh, repin vakaudzwa nezve Ivan Kramsky, muimbi kubva kuOstrogozhsk, akasiya nyika yake yekufunda kuSt. Petersburg Accemy yehunyanzvi. Muchivimbo, ane makore 19 ILLYA anodzora, akafuridzirwa nemuenzaniso weKramsky, akaenda kuguta rekuchamhembe.
Kupenda
Basa revechidiki kubva kuChigurueva rakasvika kumusangano wemusangano weChikoro. Iye, achizviziva, akaramba Elya, achitsoropodza kusakwanisa kukwevera mimvuri uye kurohwa. ILYA rimin haina kudzikisa maoko ake uye akagara muSt. Petersburg. Sezvo akabvisa mukamuri mukamuri, iye mukomana akagara muchikoro chekudhirowa, kune komarara yemanheru. Nenguva isipi mudzidzisi akamurumbidza semudzidzi anokwanisa kwazvo.
Gore rakatevera, ILYA REPINI YAKAITWA ACADEMY. Kugadzira mubhadharo wekudzidza kwevadzidzi vakabvumiranwa Petersburg post-director uye Bessauderor Fyodor Sanki. Makore masere ezvekutanga kuChikoro chakaunza chiitiko chakakosha uye kuzivana nevarwere vane tarenda - maka Anctic vane tarenda vanhurume - Mako Antonic. Ivan kramsky murwi kubva kuChigurueva anonzi mudzidzisi.
Mumwe wevadzidzi vane tarenda eArt Actademy Ilya Repin akagamuchira menduru yemusangano we "rumuko rwomukunda weIair". Chirongwa cheBhaibheri hachigone kuziva paCanvas, Ipapo ILwaa akarega kuyeuka kuyaruka kweshanhwe hanzvadzi yakafa uye kwakataurwa, ndedzipi kutaura kwevanhu kwaizobva kuhama, kana musikana akamutswa. Mufananidzo wacho wakasvika kuupenyu mukufunga uye wakaunza kubwinya kwekutanga.
Muna 1868, mudzidzi, kukanda etudes pamabhanga eNeva, akaona Burlakov. ILya akarova gomba rakadzika pakati pehusimbe paruzhinji uye nesimba rakaoma. Refin ichisheedzera chirongwa, asi basa rakamhan'arwa: Paive neyakaora chikamu pamberi. Muzhizha ra 1870, murapi wacho waive nemukana wekushanyira volga uye wechipiri kuti uchengete basa reBurlakov. Pamhenderekedzo yeIlya Repin akasangana nevanoitirwa kunze kweBurlaka, waairatidza muvatatu ekutanga nemusoro wake, akamhanyirwa nejira.
Iyo pendi "burlaci pane volga" yakanzwira tsitsi muRussia neEurope. Mumwe nemumwe wevashandi vakadhonzwa anotakura zvinhu zvega, hunhu, hwakawana dambudziko. Bere reGerman rekutsoropodza uye mubatanidzwa wechiGerbert akafananidza pakati pemufananidzo wekudzokorora uye kufambidzana kweDante kwakabvumidzwa kubva kuVamwari Comedy.
Slava nezvemaruwa ane tarenda kubva kuSt. Petersburg kuMoscow. Petshenate uye entpreneur Alexander Porokhovshikovlov (Ancestor yeiyo Famer Russian Actor) akaraira ILLYA fungisisa mufananidzo weResitorendi "Slavic Bazaar". Muimbi akatsvaga bhizinesi uye muzhizha ra 1872 akaunza basa rakapera rakawana rumbidzo uye rumbidzo.
Muchirimo chegore rinotevera, Ilya Repin akaenda rwendo kuenda kuEurope, akashanyira Austria, Italy neFrance. MuParis, akasangana nemafungiro emafungiro, iro basa reEduard mana rakafuridzira kuti vagadzire parisari cafe canvas. Asi mutorwa tsika uye netsika mufashoni muFrance impressionism achiita Russian muiti wechokwadi. Kukwevera mufananidzo "Sadko", uko gamba rinogara mumunhu ushe wemumwe munhu, restu raiita kuti azvifungidzire.
Pakati pegumi nemakumi mairi 770s, zita rekudzidza rakapihwa muripo webasa reSadko, asi vamwe vatsoropodzi havana kuchengetwa kubva mukutonga kwehupfu, vachinongedza mutsauko wekuparadzanisa pakati peVolzhsk
Kudzoka kubva kuEurope kuenda kuAmaziland, Ilya Repin mwedzi gumi nemaviri yaigara muNative Chuneev. MuMoscow, akaswedera muna 1877 uye, akabatana nenhare mbozha, akanyora "Tsarevna Sophia". Kunyudzwa mune izvo zvinyorwa, iyo REPIN yakagadziriswa padhuze neiyo Novderevy monastery uye yakashanda pamusoro pegore retsoka, kudzidza zvinyorwa, kushanyira mapepa emitambo nemumuseums. Iyo canvas yakarongedzwa kufarirwa, kusimbisa kuyemurwa kwakaratidzwa chete kramskaya.
Makore matatu, Ilya Repin akashanda muKursk Province's Web. "Zita rekutanga remufananidzo" chishamiso chiratidzo. " Kufanana neyako muripo webasa akaunganidzwa muChernilov, Kiev neKursk, achichinjisa nguva dzekupedzisira kuti dzienderere mberi.
Repin akaunza iwo mufananidzo muna 1883 uye zvakare akanzwa kuongororwa kwekufungidzira. Vamwe vakaona mumudzimudziri emifananidzo, simba uye simba, zvimwe chete kuratidzwa nemaonero eIlita Efimovich kwehupenyu. Gare gare, muimbi akaramba achironga zvirongwa zvemabhaibheri, achipa nyika iyo Brilliant Canvas "Calvari", "muyedzo waKristu" uye "kudya kwemanheru kwekupedzisira".
Muna 1885, Tenzi akaunzwa kuti vatevedze hunyanzvi hwekutaura mutsva - The Canvas "Ivan Grozny uye mwanakomana Ivan paNovember 16, 1581." Rondedzero yemapendi nePhite akafemera mimhanzi yeNikolai Rimsky-korsakov.
Iro jira rakaratidzwa pakuratidzwa kwemafirimu, asi kududzirwa kwechirongwa hakuna kuda Alexander III. Mambo akaraira kuti asabvumire kuratidzwa, asi vanhu vazhinji vevanhu vane mukurumbira vakataura kuti vadzivirire chisikwa chingotsauka. Emperor akabvisa kurambidzwa.
Iyo pendi "yaisatarisira" tenzi yaunzwa muna 1888, uye akabva aziva zvinotevera hunyanzvi. Pane iyo Canvas Ilya Repin akanyatsotambidza kuendesa pfungwa dzepfungwa dzehunhu. Yemukati yeCanvas yaive DaCha yeDaCha muMartyskino padyo St. Petersburg. Chiso chegamba guru reRefin zvakachinja kakawanda, kunyangwe pikicha payakange yakawira mukutsanangurwa kwePavel Treyakov's gallery. Ilya Repin akanyura muchivande nenzira yekuenda kuimba yacho uye akanyora kumeso kweiyo mueni isingatarisirwi kusvikira awana chirevo chaunoda.
Muzhizha ra1880, iyo pendi yakaenda kuMalorossia, kutora naye mudzidzi Valentina Selev. Mukugadzira bay, akapenda zvese: huts, vanhu, zvipfeko, midziyo yemicho. Repin aive anoshamisa padyo nevarume vanofara vanhu.
Mhedzisiro yerwendo simbi yeCanvas "Cossacks Nyora tsamba kuTurkey Sultan" uye "Hopak. Dhanzi weZaporizhzhzya Cossacks. " Basa rekutanga rakaonekwa muna 1891, yechipiri - muna 1927. Basa reDuel Ilya Repin akanyora muna 1896. Akawana Treatyakov, achiisa mufananidzo muGarari yeMocerow, kwaanochengetwa mumazuva edu.
Nzvimbo inokosha muenhaka yemhizha inogarwa nemirairo yeumambo. Wokutanga kusvika Ilya anodzora pakati-1880s kubva kuAlexander III. Mambo akashuva kuona kugashira kwevakuru vokuvandudza pane canvas. Mushure mekunge chibvumirano chakabudirira chakabudirira, chechipiri chakasvika. Musangano wekupenda "wakasarudzika weNharaunda Council musi waMay 7, 1901" yakakweverwa muna 1903. Kubva ku "Royal" pendi, "mufananidzo weNicholas II" ane mukurumbira.
Pakusimuka kwezuva, Master akashanda muFinnish Kuikkale, mune estate "peni". Vaindibatidzana navo kubva kuSoviet Union vakauya kuFinland kuenda kuFinland kuenda kuMustly Matra, kunyengerera kuti vatamire kuRussia. Asi rondedzera, ndiani akabereka imba yekumusha kwake haana kumbodzoka.
Makore mashoma asati afa, ruoko rwerudyi zvakaitika, asi Ilya Efimovich haana kufungidzira kugara pasina basa. Akanyora kuruboshwe, zvigunwe zvacho muridzi wenguva pfupi akarega kuteerera. Asi chirwere hachina kuvhiringidza chipinganidzo, uye restin yakaramba ichishanda.
Muna 1918, Ilya Repin akanyora "bolsheveks" canvas, chiitiko icho chinonzi Anti-Soviet. Kwechinguva, zvakachengetwa kubva kuMuAmerican Cellet, "Bolshevek" akawira kuGalina vishnevskaya uye MSTISLAV Rostropovich. Muna2002, varidzi vakaisa muunganidzwa kuLondon Auction "Sotheby's".
Kuti udzivise kuunganidzwa kweunganidzwa, muridzi wechiRussia muridzi wemabhizinesi Alisher usmanov akatenga ese 22 canvasi, kusanganisira iyo bolsheviks. Kufumurwa kwakaiswa muguta riri paIye.
Hupenyu Hwako
Iyo pendi yakaroora kaviri. Wawakaroora vera akabereka murume wake vana vana, vanasikana vatatu nemwanakomana. Muna 1887, mushure memakore gumi nemashanu ekuroora, kupatsanurwa kunorwadza kwakateverwa. Vana vakuru vakagara nababa vake, mudiki - naAmai.
ILYA REPIN YAKASANGANA HERE DZAKANAKA PAZVINHU ZVINOGONESA. "Gara" "unoratidza mumwe wako wechidiki, mwanasikana mukuru wekutenda akazvitsaurira mufananidzo we" dhiragoni ", the dravas" the canvas "muzuva".
Mukadzi wechipiri ndiye munyori uye mifananidzo yeNorthia Nordman - nekuda kwemuchato nemuchato wakaputswa nemhuri yake. Kwaive kwaari "peni" murwi akaenda kutanga kwa1900s.
Nordman akafa kubva ku tuberculosis muzhizha ra1914. Mushure mekufa kwake, manejimendi emimba akafamba achienda mumaoko emwanasikana wekutenda, uyo akasiya nzvimbo yeiyo Alexandrinky Theatre.
Rufu
Muna 1927, Ilya Repin akanyunyuta kushamwaridzana kuti mauto anomusiya, anova "ane usimbe." Mwedzi yadarika mwedzi usati wafa baba vaiva vana, neimwe nzira pamubhedha.
Artist uyo akapemberera makore makumi masere nemasere aisave munaGunyana 1930. Akavigwa muzvivakwa "mapeni". MuRussia nenyika dzeCIS, kune mhizha ina mimhanzi, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa - in Kukkale, kwaakapedza makumi matatu emakore apfuura.
Shanda
- 1871 - "Kumutswa kweMwanasikana weIair"
- 1873 - "Burlaki pane volga"
- 1877 - "Munhu ane ziso rakaipa"
- 1880-1883 - "Kubiridzira muKursk Province"
- 1880-1891 - "Cossacks Nyora tsamba kuTurkey Sultan"
- 1881 - "Mufananidzo weMunyori M.PorusorgSky"
- 1884 - "Haana Kumirira"
- 1884 - "Dhiragoni"
- 1885 - "Ivan, anotyisa, mwanakomana waIvhi, mwanakomana waKovini 16, 1581"
- 1896 - "Deluel"
- 1896 - "Mufananidzo waEmperor Nicholas II"
- 1903 - "Yekupedzisira Kwemanheru"
- 1909 - "Kuzvibata kwaGeorge '
- 1918 - "Bolshevok"
- 1927 - "Hopak." Dhanzi weZaporizhzhya Cossacks "