Biography
Marsr Ussr Dmitry Ustinova inonzi "Mushumiri weStalinist", sezvo ruremekedzo uye kukudzwa kwakauya kwaari mumakore ehondo. Uye kaviri gamba reushamwari hwevashandi, gamba reSoviet Union naKavalera 11 zvemirairo yeLenin vanonzi vabati vekupedzisira vekushamwaridzana. Nguva pfupi achangobva kuenda, iyo Soviet Stroke yakazunza uye yakawa.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ramangwana Marshal weSovies mumhuri yeSamara mushandi akaberekerwa mumhuri yeSamara mushandi weSamara. Kuwedzera kumitry, mwanakomana wedangwe Nikolai akanzwa mumhuri. MuSamat, mwana akaoma akapfuura. Zvakazoguma kana mukomana akatendeuka ane makore gumi: kushanda kuitira urombo.
Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, Dmitry Ustinov munhu anozvipira muchinangwa chakakosha, kana, sezvavakange vakadanwa, mauto echiuto mu Samarkand, akagadzirwa nemapato efekitori. Uye na15, jaya raive jaya rakabatana neumvanzuru rweturketi uye vakarwa mwedzi mishanu naBasmachi.
Muna 1923, mushure mekunge demobilization, USTinov akaenda kunodzidza. Dzidzo yehunyanzvi uye yehunyanzvi yakagashirwa mumakarev pedyo neKostroma. Munzvimbo imwe chete iyoyo, kupedza kudzidza muna 1927 naMabrofdekhshkolu, vakave nhengo yeBolsheviks Party.
Makore maviri, mu1929, Dmitry Ustinov vakashanda nemuchina muchirimwa mutaundi reBalakhna, akabva atamira kuFekitari yeTevanvo muIvanovo (Ipapo Ivanovo-voznesSK).
Akadzidza Dmitry Ustinov pasina kupatsanurwa kubva kubasa. Dzidzo yepamusoro yakagashirwa muPolyTochnic University Ivanovo-Voznesensk, uko jaya rine mutoro rakasarudzwa nenhengo yemasangano uye yakapihwa kutungamira kurongeka kweKomsomol.
Muma 1930s, boka iro ramangwana reramangwana renyika rakadzivirirwa rakadzidziswa, rakatumirwa kuMocusew Mauto-Mechanical Institute. Mushure memakore maviri, vadzidzi vakaendeswa kuguta riri paNeva, kwavakabatana neyunivhesiti yeiyo nhoroondo.
Muna 1934, Dmitry vakagamuchira diploma LW uye vakaenda kubasa seinjiniya mune leningrad kutsvagisa marine. Basa remuongorori wechidiki rakatanga nekukurumidza: Ustinov raive rakananga nehofisi, uye mushure memakore matatu akava mutevedzeri mukuru mukuru.
Muna 1937, Dmitry Ustinova akagadzwa kuti atungamire fekitori yeBolshevic - hombe yemasangano uye engineering Enterprise, iri muchamhembe kweguta rekumusoro.
Iyo nyaya yakachengetedzwa, semidziyo mitsva inotungamirwa neUSTinov, asi kuisirwa kwakanonoka. Iyo yekuongorora komisheni kubva kuDare repakati rakasvika kuBhizinesi rine Audit. Pasina nguva moscow, pane wezvematongerwo enyika, nezve "parsing", hutungamiriri hweBolshevik hwadanwa. Musoro webasa rakashoropodza waya neyekuiswa kwemidziyo yemachinda, kusimbisa mushumo nemapikicha emashopu eropa.
Joseph Stalin akabvunza kutsanangurwa kutsanangurwa kwekutarisira kwechidyarwa. Dmitry Ustinov akashamisika nemusoro wenyika, achiratidza mifananidzo yemasangano akafanana neye 2nd zuva mushure mekusimuka kwekusimuka. Pamidziyo yakamiswa, vashandi vakapa zvigadzirwa zvekutanga.
Basa reMauto uye Zvematongerwo enyika
Muna June 1941, USTinov akagadzwa kuti atungamire kupindwa kweropa kwezvombo kunzvimbo yeanosungwa Boris Vanchenev. Zvinoenderana neMwanakomana waLavorrentia Beria - Sergo - Sarudzo inyasha yeUSTinova yakaita baba vake. MunaJuly, Wannikova akasunungurwa, uye akazova mutevedzeri uye ruoko rwerudyi rwe dmitry Fedororovich. Pamwe chete ivo vanoisa nhamburiko zhinji dzekubvisha mafekitori nemaindasitiri emabhizimusi munyika kumashure.
Basa guru, iro rakaiswa pamberi pemakomisheni, kumisikidza kugadzirwa kwezvombo. Dmmy Ustinov akazova musoro weVarume veSoviet vemainjiniya nevanogadzira uye mukushandira pamwe nevatungamiriri vekereke dzeMauto rakashanda pane iyo isina kuvhiringidzwa yekugadzira kumberi.
Muna 1945, Mutevedzeri weUSTinova akashanyira Germany, pakurarama kwemuranda, uko nyanzvi dzeUSR vakadzidza midziyo kubva kuNazi. Mushure mekubatana nemhedzisiro yerwendo, hutungamiriri hwenyika hwakafunga nezve kusikwa kweSoviet Indasitiri yeSoviet.
Pakati paMurume 1946, Dmitry Ustinova akagadza mushumiri wezvombo. Mikana yakavhurwa mikana yakabvumidzwa kuronga kuronga kwekuvakwa kwevakamira muhupenyu hwavo. Kwemakore manomwe, gurukota reUSTinov akaita basa rakakura muRoketh indasitiri. Mukuzviisa pasi kwehushumiri hwekudzivirira, iyo yegumi nenomwe yakaoneka, ibasa rayo rekuvandudza ricket chirongwa.
Muchirimo cha1953, Dmitry Ustinova yakaendeswa kuti itungamirire rimwe dhipatimendi - Iyo Ministry of Indasitiri yeDziviriro, yaakananga kusvika pakupera kwe1957. Kukodzera kwaMarshal ndeye yakasarudzika yakasarudzika system yeanti-yemhepo kudzivirira kweguta guru uye yakasarudzika yekudzivirira kudzivirirwa kwenyika. Mauto sainzi uye kurwisa kugadzirira kweSoviet Union panguva yeUSTinov rema panguva.
Kubva munaDecember 1957 kusvika munaKurume 1963, UStinov aive akananga nebasa reMudzidzisi weDare remakurukota, raitarisira nyaya dzeMauto-maindasitiri akaoma. Makore maviri anotevera, Dmitry Fedororovich - Sachigaro weConsty of the Council of Vashumiri venyika iyoyo.
Dmitry Fedorovich Fireature akataura nezvekushanda kunoshamisa kwekushanda kwemukuru: Akaringana nehope kwemaawa matatu pazuva, uye mune iyi modhi akararama makumi emakore. Ustinov akagadzira tsika iyi yeUSTinov panguva yeGeneralsimi, akashanda husiku. Nekuongororwa, aigona kuuya kumuchina na10 PM, ipapo kusvika 4 mangwanani kuti tikurukure zvakaonekwa uye ivhu zano pamusangano. Panguva imwecheteyo akachengetedza kugona kwekufunga uye kudedera mune zvese zvidiki zvinhu.
Muchirimo cha1976, Dmitry Ustinov aive akaveurwa neshumiro yekudzivirira yeSoviet Union uye akashanda kune zvikwangwani kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu.
Marshal aive chikamu che "Zvemukati" wezvematongerwo enyika weCentral - akadaidzwa nemitezo isina kurongeka yenhengo dzekare uye dzakashata dzekomiti yakananga neGensten Leonid Brezhnic Brezhnic Brezhnic Brezhnic Brezhnev. Diki Politburo uye akatora sarudzo dzakakosha zvakanyanya mumitemo yenyika nehupenyu, ayo akabva avhotera pamusangano wepamutemo.
Ruzivo rwekuvhotera rweDitry Ustinov pane iyo yekupinda yeUSSR mauto muAfghanistan Contropicalsity. Maererano nerimwe bhuku, gurukota rakavhota pamwe chete naBrezhnev naYuri Andropov yekupinda, mune vamwe, vakapokana nekuvhiyiwa.
Kana ivo vachitaura nezve dzidziso yeUSTinov, vanoreva kuendesa kwekushandiswa kubva kune zvakasikwa zvemauto ane simba ekusimudzira-masimba ekugadzira nyukireya. Mukuwirirana nedzidziso yeiyo yepakati renji, yakatsiva "piyona" mutsva ".
Hupenyu Hwako
Sezvineiwo mubasa, mumhuri yaMarshal zvese zvakarairwa uye zvakatangwa. Wawakaroora Dmitry Fedorovich - Taisiya Alekseevna - muchengeti wekunyaradza kumba uye akavimbika kumashure. Akabereka murume wake vana vaviri, mwanakomana nemwanasikana.
Dangwe Nikolai UStinov akaberekwa muna 1931. RAM, akadaidza kudaro USTinov-jr. Muhudiki, tsoka dzetsoka dzababa vake uye dzakashandira indasitiri yeDziviriro yenyika. Akava muvambi uye mukuru wechikoro chesayenzi, akagadzira nzira yekutanga laser, akanyora mazana emapepa esainzi.
Mukunda weVera akaberekwa makore 9 mushure mekuonekwa kweMwanakomana uye akasarudza imwe chiyero chekushandiswa kwemasimba: Vera Ustinova - Honore Artist yeRsfsr, akaimba muHurumende. A. V. SVESNJIKOVA, akabva adzidziswa vhezheni mukuchengetedza.
Rufu
Vanhu vazhinji vanofonera Dmitry Ustinov zvisinganzwisisike. Yakanga isiri munaDecember 1984, apo magaro emauto ehondo yenyika achipinda muchibvumirano chakapera. Kutevera USTinov, vashumiri veDziviriro yeGDR, Hungary neCzechoslovakia vakafa.
Varambiriridzi vanoona mune yerufu rwemafuta emamwe mapepa uye vanobatanidzwa nekutanga kwekudonha kwechivako muchivako muSoviet Union uye nyika dzeWarsaw chibvumirano.
Vamwe havaone parufu rweUSTinov kurwiswa uye kutaura nezvezera - Dmitry Fedororovich kwakashandurwa kwemakore makumi manomwe nemasere, aive munhu anorwara zvakanyanya, ane hanya zvakanyanya nezvehutano. Marshal akafambisa mashandiro maviri kuti abvise nyanzvi yekenza, akapona pakurwiswa kwemoyo. Iko kukonzera kwekufa kwemukuru yaive kuzvimba kwemotokari kwemapapu.
Dmitry Ustinov akaitirwa nekukudzwa kwakakodzera. Rurn neguruva rakaiswa mumadziro eKremlin. Mushure memwedzi miviri, mariro ekupedzisira akaitika kuKremlin Wall - KSTantin Chernenko. Muna 1984, zita raMarshal rakapihwa Izhevsk, asi munguva pfupi, pakutonga kwaMikhail Gorbachev, guta rakadzosera zita rekare.
Mubairo
- Ndira 24, 1944 - Lieutenant-General of the Engineering uye Artillery Service
- Mbudzi 18, 1944 - Colonel-General yeinjiniya uye Artillery Service
- Kubvumbi 29, 1976 - Uuto hweGeneral
- Chikunguru 30, 1976 - Marshal weSoviet Union