Biography
Gregory Theologian - Mushandi wechiKristu, mumwe wevadzidzisi vatatu vekereke. Iyo saint grigory wezvechitendero yaive mudzidzi uye musangano weSt. Vasilly the Great. Iye anoziva uye kuverenga zvese muchechi yeRoman Catholic - zuva rekuyeuka musi waJanuary 2 uye muchechi yeOrthodox - 7 na13 Kukadzi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Zuva chairo rekuzvarwa kwemusande harizivikanwe, anenge 325 enguva yedu. Mukomana akaberekwa kusiri kure neguta reNaziaza, ari muCappadocia (mudunhu reTurkey yemazuva ano). Kwete nemukana gare gare, akanzi Grigior Nazianzine.
Baba vake vanomera vaive vaAristochrat yemuno, uye mukadzi wake Nonna aive muKristu chaiye, mazuva ese mukadzi akapedzerwa muminyengetero, ainyorerwa rudo. Nenguva isipi uye iyo Grigori-mukuru akatora chiKristu. Pakutanga akazova mudzidzisi muchechi yemuno, uye mushure mokunge bhishopi weNazi.
NETNY anga asina kuwana mimba kwenguva yakareba, saka akanyengetera zvakawanda uye akakumbira Mwari tsitsi. Akavimbisa kuti kana Wemasimbaose achimupa mwana, aimupa kuna Mwari. Gare gare muchiroto, mukadzi akaona mwanakomana wake weramangwana uye akanzwa zita rake. Mushure mekubuda kweGregory, Nonna akazvarwa vamwe vana vaviri mwanakomana waKesariusi nomwanasikana waGorgia. Pashure pazvo, nhengo dzese dzemhuri yeGregory dzakazivikanwa sevatsvene.
Sezvo agamuchira dzidzo yekutanga imba, Gregory akatanga kuenda kuCappadokia, uye gare gare kuPalestine naAlexandria, kwaaidzidza nezvikoro zvepamusoro. Asi nzvimbo yesainzi panguva yaive Atene. Naizvozvo, Gregory akatamira kuAtene, kwaakadzidza kuongorora nyeredzi, geometry, rhetoric, nhetembo. Akadzidza Aristotle uye basa raPlato. Kusvika pakukura kwaaifarira maitiro emharidzo, pane kudzidzisa kwazvo. Asi pane kuti Gregory akatanga kududzira chinamato, zvakanyanya kukurudzira aya mabasa.
Gregory paakadzidza muAthens, akasangana neakanaka kwazvo. Uye musangano uyu waive wekutora Gregory. Mushure mekufunda, akadzidzisa kutaura muAtene kwemakore maviri. Uye pakudzokera kuNaziaz, baba vake vakamukira. Panguva iyoyo akange atove nemakore makumi matatu. Asi panguva iyoyo, rubhabhatidzo rwakatora chete mushure mekudzidziswa.
Upenyu hwamwari weGregory akawira mumweya, uye akatamira kumwedzi, waiva muvambi shamwari yake yakakura. Pamwe chete ivo vakadzidza mabasa emuvambi vePhilology yeBhaibheri uye Philosopher Origen. Gare gare, mudzidzi wechidhori kubva kumabasa ake akanyorwa zvikumbiro, izvo zvaidaidzwa kuti "philoklia".
Ushumiri hwechiKristu
Muna 361, baba vakakumbira kudzoka kumusha kwake, aida kubatsirwa. Gregory akazvitsaurira kune vanofungidzira. Panguva iyoyo, baba vake vakura vakatanga kurwa nemauto eMambo Julian akaramba kutenda, uyo akaedza kutora temberi dzechiKristu. Zvinokosha kuti vaKristu vanotambudza munguva yemberi vaJulian vakadzidza neGregory Docial uye vakasimba kwazvo muAthens.
Asi mushure mezvose, hupenyu hwekufunga hwakasarudzika hwaive pedyo neakanakisa, saka akadzoka kumwedzi munguva pfupi yakatevera kugadzwa. Zvisinei, ainzwisisa kuti baba vake vanoda kutsigirwa sei, uye vatofunga kuIsita Mharidzo yake yekutanga muNazianze.
Mushure menguva yakati, vakasarudzika, avo panguva iyoyo vaive vatove bhishopi, vanobvunza grigory kuti vatore chinzvimbo chekutarisa muSashima. Aida vanhu vakavimbika uye vakavimbika mukurwisa kweArianism. Gregory akazeza, asi baba vake vakasimbirira. Nehurombo, kwenguva pfupi akashanda muSasima, haana kuverenga chero basa, haana kutora mufundisi mumwe chete. Munguva pfupi inotevera anosiya guta uye anogara makore matatu mugwenga remonastic. Kuenda kwake kwakadzikira zvakanyanya hukama hwavo neVasily.
Muna 374, Baba Gregory vakafa, amai vakafa vakamutevera. Rufu rwakasangana neiyo chiratidzo pakunamatira. Kwaari kwaive kurova kukuru. Vakasimba vakanaka vakasvika kumariro a baba vake uye vakaverenga guva, mushure mokunge hushamwari hwavo hwakatanga nani.
Mushure mekufa kwaBaba, nyanzvi yechidhori yakatungamira diokisi, asi akatenda kuti haana kodzero yekugara pachigaro yababa vake. Naizvozvo, achienda kuguta reSeleucia, achifunga kuti mukusavapo kwake, vagari veguta vachasarudza bhishopi matsva. Asi vanhu veNazianza vakada kudzoka, uye vakaramba vachikoshesa kereke yomunharaunda iyoyo.
Chechipiri kuridza Gregory kwakava nhau dzekufa kwevaisimba zvikuru. Panguva ino, aive atozivikanwa somunhu anotsigirwa nekutenda uye muparidzi ane tarenda. Panguva imwecheteyo, Emperor mutsva Dododosius akarara chigaro, uye, kusiyana nemiteveri, mutsigiri wezvikoma. Feodosius anokoka Gregory kwaari uye anokurudzira kuenda kuDiocese muConstantinople. Panguva iyoyo yaive yavakatanga kumudaidza kuti mutauriri wezvechitendero, aive mutauri ane moyo wakanaka, mharidzo dzake dzaisasiya chero munhu asina hanya.
Asi Constantinople makore makumi mana mumaoko eArian, uye nehure usiku, havana kugona kunyangarika chero kupi. Naizvozvo, asvika muguta, akanakisa anobva azotambudzwa pakati paAsia. Pane imwe nguva, ivo vakapwanya mukatidziro apo musande akaitwa mutsika wekubhabhatidzwa, mumwe munhu akakumbira kudzingwa kwake, mumwe munhu akatanga kumutya mabwe. Iye murume akadhonzwa kune vatungamiriri veguta, akapedzisira atsigira Arian uye akarisiya muguta.
Uye mushure memwedzi yakati wandei, Konstantingapol yakashanyira mambo pachake. Iye pachake akaunza Gregory kuimba yeSofia uye "Pass" iye. Zvekubvumidzwa kwetsvene paDhipatimendi uye kugadzirisa nyaya zvine chekuita nemitero, yechipiri ecumenical katsi yakaunganidzwa.
Paunenge uchikurukura nezveArianism, grigory yakanyora dzidziso yeTrocher, iri kutora nzvimbo yekutanga mune dzidziso yedzidziso dzechiKristu uye ndiyo pfungwa yepakati yechiitiko chechiKristu. Mwari ndeumwe, chimwe, asi zvitatu muchiso - Baba, Mwanakomana, Mweya Mutsvene. Sekureva kwezvinhu zvechitendero chezvidzoreri iye amene:
"Tinonamata Baba, neMwanakomana, neMweya Mutsvene, vachigovana zvivakwa zvavo uye nekubatanidza mwari."Munguva yekatsia yepasirese, sachigaro waMiroti, uye grigory akawana nzvimbo yake. Gare gare akatanga kusarudza musoro weDhipatimendi reAndiyoch, raive rakananga nemirera. Mafungiro evatori vechikamu akapatsanurwa. Vamwe vaida kuona mumiriri we "West" pane ino post, vamwe - "kumabvazuva".
Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukonana kwakamuka mumiwi akabatwa, akamupomera mhosva yekutyora mitemo yeiyo yekutanga nzvimbo. Izvo zvaive zvekuti akange asina kodzero yekuve iyo constinople bhishopi, kuve bhishopi sasimsky. Uyezve, akasiya department muSasim, iyo zvakare yakapokana nemitemo yakatangwa.
Saka, musande akasiya Dhipatimendi reKonstantIntant. Izvo zvaive zvisiri kushungurudzika zvachose, akange ave nenguva refu akaneta nekurwa kwesimba, raAdanga raidiwa. Nechisikigo, aive munhu akavanzika uye anozvitaura. Kutaura zvazviri, iye haana kuitirwa kuti mutemekedze anokudzwa, uye akazodzidzisa chete kurayiridzo yeshamwari yevaisimba zvikuru.
Akadzokera kuNaziaz, akadzokorazve pamukova weDiocese reguta, aisakwanisa kuramba kuva vagari. Asi zvaive zvisiri nyore kwaari. Muna 383, hutano hwake hwakawedzera kukura, uye akasunungurwa kubva muhutungamiri hweDhipatimendi. Feodor, Bishop Tyransky, pfekai nzvimbo yake hepso elaudia, mudzidzi wezvechitendero.
Kutarisa rugare, akazvitsaurira kuti anyore. Gregory ndiye munyori wezve nhetembo dzina mazana mana, akanyora figrams, nhetembo, nziyo. Panguva imwe chete, akaramba achipfuurira kuenda kumwedzi, akafamba zvakawanda. Nhaka huru yekuverenga kuverenga ichiri kutariswa "mazwi" - mazwi makumi mana nemashanu anofukidza nguva yemakore makumi maviri ehupenyu hwake.
Zvakare zvakachengetedzwa mavara 245 gritory wezvechitendero, vazhinji vavo vakanangana naye shamwari yake - vakakura kwazvo. Anoyeuka hupenyu hwavo hwekubatana mumamongi, uye mumatsamba akazopomera kuti azvipindire mukurwisa kweArianism uye nekuvakwa kwebhishopi kwake kweguta reSasima.
Gregory Toologian akasiya mucherechedzo mukuru muchiKristu, zvinyorwa zvake zvakapesvedzera vatologti vanotevera. Basa renhoroondo yakati yadudzirwa pamwe neRugwaro. Chechi yeOrthodox yakaunza Gregory muhuwandu hwemadzibaba eChechi, zvinoreva kuti hunhu hwake hune huremu hwakakosha mukuumbwa kwekunamatira uye kunamatwa.
Rufu
Gregory mutongi wezvechitendero chikafa muna Ndira 25, 389 muNaziaz, kwakamuviga. Pashure paAye akasiya Testamende. Izvo zvingangodaro zvakanyorwa kumashure muna 381. Mhuri yemhuri yevasonongedzo dzakasiyiwa Dioceses, kuchengetedza uye zvipfeko zvakabviswa kushamwari, uye zvakaraira zvakare kupaza kwevaranda vake.
Mushure mehafu yezana remakore, Emperor Konstantin Bagrynirogennaya akatakudza simba rechitendero cheGonology kuenda kuConstantinoers
Mushure mekuvakwa kweimwe katsi yeSt. Paul muRoma, simba rakaiswa ipapo, muguva rakakosha. Musi waNovember 26, 2004, Papa John Paul II akarayira kuti chikamu chezvinyorwa zvakadzoserwa kuKonsterinople yeChechi yeKonsterinophiyo. Iyo shrine inochengetwa mukatidziro yeSt. George muIstanbul.
Ndangariro
- 383-386 - Unganidzo Yokukurukurirana "Izwi"
- 383-388 - Unganidzo ye "mavara"
- 1670 - Church of Grigory Toologian muRostov Great, Russia
- 1781 - Iyo frigeate yeiyo dema yegungwa yeRussia yakagamuchira zita rekuti "Grigory Wechelogician"
- 1867 - Chechi yeGrigory WechiOnolocian mumusha weMakareshty, Moldova
- 1873 - Henric Dilogy Ibsen "Kesari naGalilein"
- 1896 - Church of Grigory rechitendero uye Holy Martyr Zoe muOdessa, Ukraine