Biography
Nikolai Konstantinovich Roerich inhamba yakatanhamara yeRussia neyenderera. Artist, muzivi, munyori, musayendisiti, veruzhinji uye vafambi. Iye amene, akasiya nhaka huru yekugadzira - inopfuura zviuru zvinomwe pendi, anenge makumi matatu emavhoriyamu anoshanda.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Nikolay Roerich akaberekerwa muSt. Petersburg musi wa9 Gumiguru, 1874. Baba vake Konstantin Fedorovich Roerich raive nesimba muguta regweta. Amai Maria vakasiledevna vaive mukadzi wepamba, vakarera vana. Nikolai aive neimwe hanzvadzi yakura Lydia nehanzvadzi mbiri - Vladimir naBoris.
Mukudanana, mukomana akatanga kufarira nhoroondo, verenga zvakawanda. Sculptor Mikhail Mikeshin, uyo aive muenzi wenguva dzose mumhuri yaRoerich, akaona kuti Nicholas aive netarenda rekudhirowa, uye akatanga kumuroverwa nehunyanzvi hwekuita. Akadzidza ruchamheni mumitambo yekurovedza muviri. Vaaidzidza navo vaiva Alexander Benois, vazivi vevanoita vadivelu.
Pakupedzisira, akapinda mune imperict actimy yehunyanzvi. Uye mukufananidza aidzidza kuyunivhesiti pane gweta. PaAcademy yakashanda mumusangano weiyo Akakurumbira Archite Aruvka Ivanovich quinji. Panguva iyoyo, zvakataurwa zvakanyanya neIlya Repin, Nikolai Roman-Korsakov, Anatong Lyadiov nevamwe.
Mumakore emudzidzi, vakaenda kuKwachaological kuchera, uye muna 1895 Akava nhengo yeRussia Artance Sociallological Society. Pane idzi nzendo, akanyora nyaya dzenzvimbo yemuno.
Muna 1897, Nikolai Roerich akapedza kudzidza kubva kuaccount yehunyanzvi. Basa rake diploma raive mufananidzo we "mutumwa", iye akawana Pavl Tretyakov pane yake gallery. Panguva iyoyowo, muduku yokudhirowa vakagamuchira nzvimbo mubatsiri musoro Imperial Museum, uye zvakafanana aishanda bhuku "Art uye Art Industry".
Kupenda
Muna 1900, Nikolai Konstantinovich Roerich anosarudza kuenda kuParis, akadzidza mu Studios of the Artists yeFernan Kores naPierre Pigs de Chavanna. PaRoerich, akasarudza kunyora nyaya dzenhoroondo. Nguva yekutanga yebasa rake inosanganisira mifananidzo ye "Zvidhori", "Vaka Magoma", "Vakuru Vanodzokera", nezvimwe. Iyo artist yakashanda mumunda weyekunyama uye edzimhosva uye ekushongedza pendi.
Kutanga kubva 1905, Roerich akashanda pane dhizaini yeBallet, opera uye zviitiko zvinoshamisa. Munguva iyi, Nikolai Konstantinovich inodanana zviitiko zvinoshanda kumutsidzira hunyanzvi hweRussia uye kuchengetedza kwezvinhu zvekare.
Muna 1903, anoronga rwendo kuburikidza nemaguta eRussia ekare. Panguva ino, anonyora nhevedzano yezvinhu zvine midziyo yevakaivakwa cheRussia. Muimbi anogadzirawo makateki emakereke nemakwenzi. Muna 1910, akatora chikamu mukuchera matongo, maakakwanisa kuona zvakasara zveKremlin yezvekare Novgirodhi yekare.
Muna 1913, Roerich akatanga kushanda pamapanera maviri - "Munondo neKartaints" uye "kukunda Kazan". Saizi yeCanvas yakanga ichishamisa. "Kukunda Kazan" akagadzirwa kuti gadziriro yechiitiko cheKazan muMoscow. Asi nekuda kwehondo, kuvaka kwechiteshi kwakanonoka. PANELLY PANEL yakaendeswa kune iyo nhoroondo yehunyanzvi.
Asi mutungamiri wake mutsva kubva pane zvake kufunga akafunga kuparadza misia yeChidzitiro uye nezvese zviratidzirwe, mairi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo canvasi yeRoerich yakatemwa kuita zvidimbu uye kugovera kuvadzidzi. Izvo zvinongorodza basa remuimbi mukuru.
Nikolai Konstantinovich semuenzaniso-magazini yebhuku, akatora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwebhuku reMoris metrinka. Muna 1918, Roerich akatamira kuUnited States. MuNew York, akasika United Art Institute. Muna 1923, rombo remumi rakatanga kushanda muguta - yaive yekutanga museum yeRussia Artist, yakavhurika kunze kweRussia.
Asi, pamwe, kubuda kwake muHimalayas kwakasiya tsoka huru pabasa reRoerich. Muna 1923, akauya kuIndia nemhuri yake. Iye akabva angotanga kugadzirira rwendo rwakanyanya kukosha muhupenyu hwake - pane rondedzero yekusagadzikana-kusvika pakati penzvimbo dzeAsia.
Aya matunhu aimufarira kwete chete semuimbi. Aida kuongorora nekugadzirisa matambudziko ane chekuita nekutama kwenyika kwevanhu vekare. Iyo nzira yaive yakareba uye yakaoma. Akapfuura neSikkim, Kashmir, Sinjiang (China), Siberia, Altai, Tibet, uye nenzvimbo dzakasarudzika dzeTransgimalayev.
Panyaya yehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinounganidzwa, uku kwekuwedzera kunogona kuve kwakashinga nekukosheswa kwakanyanya kwezana ramakumi maviri. Iye akagara mwedzi minemakumi matatu nemashanu - kubva 1925 kusvika 1928.
Zvichida mifananidzo inonyanya kufarirwa yeRoerich yakasikwa chaizvo pasi pekufungidzira kwerwendo urwu nemakomo makuru. Mhizha yakagadzira pendi dzakateerana dze "Mudzidzisi Wokumabvazuva", "Amai Venyika" - Kutenderera Kwakatsaurwa Kuvanhu Vakakura Vakadzi. Pakati peino nguva, akanyora pendi dzinopfuura mazana matanhatu. Mubasa rake, kutsvaga kwezviziviso kwakasvika kumberi.
Mabhuku
Great uye Arberary Heritage of Nikolai Konstantinovich Roerich. Akaburitsa muunganidzwa wenhetembo "maruva eMoori", mabhuku mashoma echiMoriya - "vashandi vevabati" vakasimba "," Altai-Himalayas "," Shambala "
Asi pamwe ishandare huru yekunyora yeRoerich ndiyo dzidziso yemweya ye "Agni yoga" kana "tsika dzekurarama". Yakanga yakagadzirwa nekutora chikamu chewawakaroora nikolai konstantinovich - Helena Roerich. Chekutanga pane zvese, iyi ndiyo uzivi hwechokwadi cheCosmic, iyo yakasarudzika yekushanduka kwenzvimbo. Maererano nedzidziso, zvinoreva kushanduka kwevanhu kune kujekeswa pamweya uye kuvandudzwa.
Muna 1929, nekuda kweRoerich, Nikolay Konstantinovich, Nikolayinovich, Nyowani nyowani munhoroondo yevanhu vese - chibvumirano cheRoerich chakatorwa. Yakanga iri gwaro rekutanga munhoroondo, kutaura kwacho kwaive pamusoro pekudzivirira kwenhaka yenyika. Chibvumirano chedziviriro chedzidzo yehunyanzvi uye yesainzi, pamwe nezvivakwa zvezvakaitika kare zvakasainwa panyika 21.
Hupenyu Hwako
Gore rakakosha kuna Nikolai Roerich raive 1899. Akasangana nemukadzi wake wechikuru - Elena Ivanovna shaphnikov. Akauya achibva kumhuri yePetberburg Netsetse. Kubva ndichiri mudiki, aifarira kudhirowa uye kutamba piyano, akazotanga kudzidza uzivi, chitendero nengano. Vakabva vakango tenderera nemumwe, izvo zvakafanana nezvenyika. Naizvozvo, munguva pfupi iri kutevera tsitsi yavo yakura mukunzwa kwakasimba. Muna 1901, vechidiki vakaroora.
Hupenyu hwake hwese, iwo ese akaisa mumwe nemumwe mukugadzira uye zvemweya. Elena Ivanovna akagovana chero kuedza kwemurume wake, aive shamwari yakavimbika uye shamwari yakatendeka. Muna 1902, dangwe ravo - mwanakomana yuri akaoneka. Uye muna 1904 mwanakomana waSyyatoslav akaberekwa.
Mumabhuku ake, Roerich Elena Ivanovna akadaidza zvisina kudaro se "kukurudzira" uye "mumwe". Mifananidzo mitsva akaratidzira kutanga kwaari, achivimba njere dzake uye kuravira. Munzira dzose, uye mafambiro, Elena Ivanovna akaperekedza mukadzi wacho. Kutenda kwaari, Roerich akasangana nemabasa evanofunga zveIndia.
Pane shanduro iyo Elena Ivanovna airwara nechirwere chepfungwa. Izvi zvakanatswa nemhuri yavo Chiremba Yalovevenko. Akanyora kuti mukadzi anorwara neye epileptic aura. Maererano naye, varwere vakadaro vanowanzonzwa manzwi uye ona zvinhu zvisingaonekwe. Chiremba vakataura izvi uye nikolai konstantinovich. Asi zvakanzwisisika ruzivo urwu kutonhora. Roerich kazhinji akawira pasi pesimba rake uye akatotendwa mukugona kwayo kwekuwedzera.
Rufu
Back muna 1939, Nikolay Konstantinovich yakawanikwa ine chirwere chemoyo. Mumakore achangopfuura, muimbi aida kudzokera kuRussia, asi hondo yakatanga, akabva arambwa vhiza yekupinda. Muchirimo cha1947, chakaramba chakamirira mvumo refu. Mhuri yeRoerich yakatanga kugadzirira kuenda.
Zvita 13, 1947, apo zvinhu zvacho zvakarongedzwa uye zvinopfuura mazana mana pendi, Nikolai Konstantinovich mufananidzo wakanyora mufananidzo "kurongeka kwemudzidzisi." Kamwe kamwe, moyo wake wakamira kurwa. Kuvigwa muimbi mukuru muIndia Tsika - muviri wakapiswa uye wakatsikiswa mumhepo kubva kumusoro kwegomo. Panzvimbo yekuparadza, pakanga paine chifananidzo chine chinyorwa:
"Shamwari yerunyararo yeNyika yeIndia."Shanda
- 1897 - "Mutumwa (Akapanduka Genusus)"
- 1901 - "Vanenzi Vokunze"
- 1901 - "Zvidhori"
- 1905 - "Chikosha Ngirozi"
- 1912 - "Ngirozi Yekupedzisira"
- 1922 - "Uye isu tinoshanda"
- 1931 - Zaratildra
- 1931 - "Moto Wokukunda"
- 1932 - "Mutsvene Sergius radonezh"
- 1933 - "Tinogona kuShamball"
- 1936 - "Ngarava yeGwenga (Lonely Mufambi)"
- 1938 - "Everest"
BHAIBHERI
- 1931 - "Simba reChiedza"
- 1990 - "Manheru Mwoyo"
- 1991 - "Magedhi Kune Ramangwana"
- 1991 - "Independent"
- 1994 - "PaKusingaperi ..."
- 2004 - "Agni Yoga muLoumes 5
- 2008 - "ERA Sign"
- 2009 - "Altai - Himalayas"
- 2011 - "Maruva Makore"
- 2012 - "Ngano yeAtlantis"
- 2012 - "Shimala"
- 2012 - "Shimala Kupenya"