Biography
Hama Glimm - ngano dzeGerman Fairy, maLinhuist, akatanga madzibaba ePhifiti yeGerman. Zvichida zvichange zvakaoma kuwana munhu asina kumbonzwa ngano dzevanyori vakuru ava. Asi kana ini ndisina kunzwa, ini zvechokwadi ndakaona. Zvinoenderana nezvinoitika zvemabasa ehama, vemufirimu uye katuni zvakabviswa, zviitwa zvakawanda zvakanunurwa. Uye vamwe mavara emafirita avo emagetsi ave uye pamazita ese anosarudzwa - Cinderella, Rapunzel, Kurara Runako.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Jacob Grimm akaberekwa muna Ndira 4, 1785, uye gore - 24 Kukadzi 1786 - Wilhelm Grimm yakaonekwa pasi. Baba vavo Fireri Wilhelm Glimm vakashanda segweta riri mudare rakapukunyuka reguta reKhanau. Muna 1791, akagadzwa pachinzvimbo chemukuru weCounty Shtyinau, uko uye aifanira kufambisa mhuri yake yese. Iye murume akashanda kwemazuva nehusiku, semhedzisiro yekupera simba uye kushanda pamwe, chando chakajairika chine pneumonia. Muna 1796, akafa, aive nemakore makumi mana nemasere.
Chokwadi, kumhuri yeGrim yakava dambudziko. Dorothea grimm - amai vehama - vakasara vega nevana vatanhatu. Panguva ino, hanzvadzi yaBaba - Charlotte Schemerer akatamira kwavari, ndiye akapa rubatsiro rwemari kumhuri uye akaponeswa kubva kumudziro kubva kuimba.
Asi dambudziko rakasvika kuGrimm zvakare - nhumbi yaTete isingatarisirike zvishoma uye akafa kamwe kamwe. Jacob na wilhel vaive vana vakuru, uye vaifanira kutora chikamu chemabasa aamai vacho. Asi Dothea akanzwisisa kuti vakomana vakangwara uye vane tarenda, uye chinhu chega chaanogona kuvapa kudzidza.
MuKassel, hanzvadzi yake yaigara - Henrietta Zimmer, mukadzi akabvuma kugamuchira vazukuru vake vaaida, kuti vaenderere mberi nezvidzidzo zvavo muLycum yedanho repamusoro. Mukutamba kweGymnasium, vadzidzi vakadzidza makore 7-8. Asi hama dzakanyanyisa kuomesesa uye gomba rakadzikama kuti vakakwanisa kubata zvinyorwa pane dzimwe nguva nekukurumidza kupfuura vamwe. Naizvozvo, vakapedza Lyceum mushure memakore mana.
Kuchikoro, vakomana vakadzidza nesainzi yakasikwa, geography, tsika, fizikisi uye huro dzidziso, asi dzidziso yedzidziso yaive dzidziso uye nhoroondo dzenhoroondo. Kunyange zvakadaro, akadzidza aiva nyore kupfuura mukoma wake. Zvinogoneka kuti hutano hwake hwakanaka hwaive. Wilhelm akaonekwa aine asthma.
Muna 1802, Jacob akapinda muYunivhesiti yeMarburg paGweta, asi Wilhelm aifanira kugara achibatwa. Mwaka wakatevera, Jakobho aendesa mukoma kuna Marburg, uye akapindawo kuyunivhesiti. Chokwadi, aida zvekurapa kwekurapa.
Munguva yake yemahara, hama dzaida kuwona, kana pikicha yavakaona mukoma wavo mudiki Ludwig Emil, uyo akafuridzirwa nebhizinesi iri iro ramangwana rake raive rakabatana nehunyanzvi hwekuita hunyanzvi, achiva mukurumbira kuGermany uye muimbi.
Mabhuku
Hama Glimm vagara vachifarira mabhuku. Nezvese, kunyangwe ivo vakapedza kudzidza kubva kuhukama hwemutemo, nhetembo dzeGerman dzakavhurirwa, iro purofesa rakavhurika. Jacob na wilhel vaigara pakudzidza kwevakadzi vekare muraibhurari yeimba yake.
Zvese zviitiko zveHama dzeGrimm zvakabatana zvakananga neyechikamu cheGerman mabhuku, zvinetso zvechidzitiro, kuitisa kutsvagisa. Ngano dzisina kujairika - chikamu cheshandisirwo yebasa rinoshamisa, iyo yakaitwa nehama dziri mumunda wemabhuku uye mapepa.
Muna 1808, Jacob akaenda kuParishi kuzobatsira purofesa kuunganidza zvinhu zvebasa resainzi. Wilhelm akagara kuyunivhesiti. Kubva paudiki, vaive padhuze nepedyo kuti kunyangwe pazera iri vakaedzwa nekushuva kusuwa kwekuparadzaniswa, sezvinoonekwa netsamba yavo.
Muna 1808 Amai vavo vakafa, uye zvaimunetsa nezvemhuri yeSrimm vakawira pamapfudzi aJakobho. Kudzoka kubva kuFrance, akatarisa nguva yakareba aine basa rakanaka uye pakupedzisira akagara muKassel castle, iyo yekugadzirisa raibhurari yehumambo yehumambo. Wilhelm anowedzera mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano, uye hama yakamuendesa kunzvimbo yekutandarira. Iye akange asina basa risingaperi panguva iyoyo.
Pakudzosa Wilhelm kubva pakurapwa, hama dzakauya kuzoshanda - mabhuku ekare eGerman akatanga kuongorora. Vakakwanisa kuunganidza, kudzokorora uye vanyore pasi pevhu vazhinji ngano, iyo yakapfuura kubva mumuromo memazana emakore.
Vakadzi vazhinji veKassel vakatora chikamu mukusikwa kwehuwandu hwekutanga venyaya dzisina kunaka. Semuenzaniso, munharaunda neGrimm, mufudzi akapfuma akararama - Mr. Wilde nemukadzi wake nevana. Frau Wild aiziva huwandu husingaverengeki hwenyaya dzakaudza Wilhelm. Dzimwe nguva mwanasikana wake akabatana navo - Gretchen uye Dorthen. Makore mazhinji achapfuura, kana Dortkhene achava mukadzi waWilhelm.
Hupfumi hwaigara mumba mavo - Maria Muller. Mumwe mukadzi akura aive nendangariro dzisinganzwisisike, uye akaziva zviuru zvematare emafuti. Maria akaudza hama dzevana nezve runako runoshamisa rwerara uye ngowani yetsvuku yetsvuku. Asi, kuyeuka idzi ngano dzisina chokwadi, Charles Perera anouya mupfungwa nekukurumidza. Sezvazvakaitika, munyori wechokwadi akaoma zvakanyanya kuwana tales. Mukukosha, aya ari vanhu veEuropean Fairy Tales.
Mumwe nemumwe mutikisi, kusanganisira Grimm, akadudzira nyaya idzi nenzira yake. Pano, semuenzaniso, ngano yeCinderella. Mune vhezheni yeMarera zvishamiso zvemusikana anomuita kuti Mwari ade Mwari. Uye hama dzeShimm muti weHazeri paguva ramai vake. Gare gare, iyo cinema "nzungu nhatu dzeCinderella" ichavezwa.
Muna 1812, muhupenyu hwaJakobho uye Wilhelm Glimm, kubudirira kwekutanga kwakaitika - vakaburitsa muunganidzwa we "vana uye mhuri ngano", mune mabasa zana emabasa. Vanyori vanyori vakabva vatanga kugadzirira zvinyorwa zvebhuku rechipiri. Zvaisanganisira tales dzakawanda, vakanzwa kwete hama ivo pachavo, uye shamwari dzavo. Sapasati vasati vasvika, vanyori vakasiya kodzero yekupa ngano yavo yedudziro yedudziro. Bhuku ravo rechipiri rakaona mwenje muna 1815. Chokwadi, mabhuku aya akaiswa pasi pekuperekedza.
Chokwadi ndechekuti dzimwe ngano dzisina kukodzera dzaitarisirwa zvisina kukodzera kuvana. Semuenzaniso, chidimbu chakabviswa, uko Rapunzel anofarira vasingafarire vaMwari, nei kupfeka kwakange kwakafukidzwa nedumbu rake rakatenderedzwa. Yakanga iri pamusoro pekuzvitakura kwake, yauya mushure memisangano yakavanzika nemuchinda.
Vasilly Andreevich Zhukovsky akazova wekutanga mushanduri weakanaka hama dzeGrimm hama dzeRussia Reader.
Muna 1819, hama dzakapa "girama yeGerman". Iri basa rave kunzwa munharaunda yesainzi, akanyora nezve makore makumi maviri - zvaive chaizvo zvingangoita zvese zvidzidzo zvakatevera zvemitauro yeGerman.
Asi zvakadaro, basa guru rehama dzaive "duramazwi reGerman". Vakatanga kushanda pairi muna 1838. Yakanga iri yakaoma uye yakareba basa. Pashure pemakore zana, Thomas Mann anonzi "duramazwi" "bhizinesi", "philological chifananidzo." Kupesana nezita racho, mune hunhu hwaive hwenhoroondo duramazwi remitauro yeGerman. Sezvo vanyori vasina kana nguva yekupedza basa pane duramazwi, bhizinesi ravo rakaenderera mberi nezvizvarwa zvinotevera zvevaridzi vengarava. Saka, zvaigoneka kupedzisa basa na1960 - makore zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe mushure mekunge yatanga.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vilde vilda's Vilde's Vilde vilda vilda vhiza mumba maPetacist vilde vakajairana nemwanasikana wavo. Panguva iyoyo akange achiri mucheka zvizere. Musiyano uripo pakati pavo une makore gumi. Asi, zvakakura, vechidiki vakabva vawana mutauro chaiwo. Akamutsigira mune zvese zvinoedza, achingova iye neshamwari. Muna 1825, vaviri vakaroora vakaroora.
Nenguva isipi musikana akava nepamuviri. Muna 1826, Dortkheni akazvara mukomana, ainzi Jakobho, Jakove Sr. akava wavanonamata naMwari. Asi mushure memwedzi mitanhatu, mwana akafa kubva kujinda. MunaJanuary 1828, vakaroora vakazvarwa mwanakomana wechipiri - Herman. Gare gare akasarudza basa remunyori wezvenhau.
Asi Jakobho Grismi akaramba ari bachelori, mumwe murume akatsaurira hupenyu hwake kuti ashande nemhuri yemunin'ina wake.
Rufu
Musi waDecember 16, 1859, Wilhelm Glimm akafa. Chirwere chinouraya chakakonzerwa nehombodo kumusana kwake. Iye akange asina hutano hwakasimba munguva pfupi, asi hapana munhu airambidza kushungurudzika kwakadaro panguva ino. Mazuva ese, Wilhelm aive akaipa. Kuvhiya hakuna kubatsira. Iye murume akasimuka tembiricha. Kutambura kwake kwakamira kubva mukuoma mitezo yemapapu mumavhiki maviri. Jacob akaramba achigara naWilhews nemazukuru.
Kusvikira pakupera kwehupenyu hwake, munyori akashanda paduramazwi. Izwi rekupedzisira raakanyora raive izwi rekuti "Frucht" (michero). Iye murume akashata padhesiki. Jacob akafa kubva pakurwara musi waSeptember 20, 1863.
Ngano dzisina kuzivikanwa kuti nyika yese yakavigwa mumakuva eSt. Mateu muBerlin.
BHAIBHERI
- "Mhumhi neVane Vana Vanomwe"
- "Hansel naGretel"
- "Diki Dzvuku Hood Hood"
- "Cinderella"
- "Snow White uye Vanomwe Vanomwe"
- "Mai Meltlitsa"
- "Smart Elsa"
- "Rapunzel"
- "King DrozdoboDorOd"
- "Inotapira Porridge"
- "Vaimbi veTembers"
- "Brage Tailor"
- "Hare neHedge"
- "Goridhe goose"
- "Kurara Runako"