Biography
King Heinrich Viii Tydo Mirayiro England muCentury. Akava mambo wechipiri kubva padzimba dzeTudar. Zvinozivikanwa nekuroora kwake kwakawanda, nekuda kweumwe wavo akapandukira chechi yeKatorike, akaputsa kubatana uye akava musoro weChechi yeAnglican.
Mamambo airwara nekushushikana kwepfungwa uye nekuguma kwekutonga kwake haana kusiyanisa pakati pevapikisi vezvematongerwo enyika, uye kunofungidzira. Mushure mekuchinja kweChirungu kwakaitwa nyika yeEngland yeEngland. Simba rake riri munyika richiri kunzwiwa. Hupenyu hwemutongi hwakarondedzerwa mumapuranga gumi epamusoro, mafirimu uye serims.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Heinrich viii akaberekerwa muna June 28, 1491 muGreenwich, England. Akava mwana wechitatu mumhuri yemambo weEngland Henry Vii naErizabeth York. Ambuya vake vaiita murume mukomana - mukadzi Margaret Itera. Akadzora tsika dzekunamata kumambo wechidiki, waipinda mugadzi naye uye akadzidza Bhaibheri.Makore gumi nemashanu vakafa mukoma mukuru - Arthur. Ndiye aifanira kuenda pachigaro, asi mushure mekufa kwake, Heinrich VIII akava mutungamiriri. Akagamuchira musoro weMuchinda Welsh uye akatanga kugadzirira cronation.
Baba vake Mambo Heinrich Vii vakaedza kuwedzera simba reEngland uye kusimbisa mubatanidzwa nenyika dzakavakidzana, saka vakasimbirira kuti Mwanakomana wedare reSpanish nechirikadzi yehama yake. Iko hakuna kunyorwa kusimbiswa, asi kune runyerekupe rwekuti jaya raive rakakamura uyu muchato uyu.
Dare Rinodzora
Muna 1509, mushure mekufa kwababa vake, Henrich ane makore gumi nemanomwe akakwira chigaro. Kwemakore maviri ekutanga ekutonga kwake, Richard Fox naWilliam Warham vaiita zvinhu zvese zveHurumende. Shure kwavo, simba rakapfuura kuenda kuCardinal Thomas Wakaona, uyo mushure mekunge Ishe - Chancellor weEngland. Netsika, mambo wechidiki aisakwanisa kuzvitonga, saka paakawana ruzivo uye aine maoko, hurumende chaiyo iri mumaoko evanobatsira vane ruzivo avo vaiita nyaya dzakakosha panguva yekutonga kwamambo.
Muna 1512, Heinrich Viii akakunda yekutanga mu biography yake. Akananga ku-ngarava yake munzira inoenda kumafuro eFrance. Ikoko, mauto eChirungu akapwanya French uye akadzokera kumba nekukunda.
Kazhinji, hondo neFrance yakagara kusvika 1525 nekubudirira kwakasiyana. Monarch akakwanisa kusvika kuguta remuvengi, asi munguva pfupi, pfuma yemauto eEngland yakanga isina chinhu, uye hapana chakaramba chaari kwaari, kunze kwekunge agumisa mutoro. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti mambo iye amene anowanzoonekwa panhandare yehondo. Aive arket uye akaraira kuti vese vaanotonga kuti vadzidze vhiki kupfura muRuka.
Iyo yemukati mutemo wenyika yaive kure neyakanaka. Heinrich viii nemitemo yavo yakaparadza varairidzi vadiki, nekuda kwekuti ndeapi makumi ezviuru zvevakaenda kuVagrant vakaoneka muEngland. Kutsungirira nedambudziko iri, mambo akapa chirevo "pane nhepfenyuro". Nekuda kwake, zviuru zvevaimbove varimi vakarembera.
Ehe, iyo yakanyanya kukosha mukuvandudza kweEngland shanduko yechechi. Nekuda kwekusawirirana kweChechi yeKaturike neDhivhosi yemamongi, akaputsa zvakakwana nezvepapa. Mushure meizvozvo, akaisa kupomerwa kwekuponeswa kuPapa - Clement vii.
Akagadzawo Bhishopi Canterberian Thomas Cranmer, aiziva kuti muchato waHeinrich uye Catherine Isina basa. Nenguva isipi mambo akaroora Anna bolek. Akaramba achidzima Chechi yeRoma kuEngland. Tembere dzese, makatira nemakereke zvakavharwa. Zvivakwa zvese zvakatorwiswa zvichitsigira nyika, vapristi vese nevaparidzi vakaurayiwa, uye Bhaibheri rakanga risiri kuChirungu - rakapiswa. Nekutaura kwamambo vakasvinudzwa uye vakapambwa makuva evatsvene.
Muna 1540, Heinrich Viii Kaznill Thomas Cromll, aive mubatsiri mukuru kuna mambo mumashoko. Pashure paizvozvo, akadzokera kuKatorike kutenda uye akaburitsa chinyorwa chezvinyorwa zvitanhatu, izvo zvakatsigira Paramende yeEngland. Maererano nechinhu, vagari vese veHumambo vaifanirwa kuunza zvipo panguva yehukuru, Chirairo, kureurura. Akaraira vashandi vekunamata kuti vachengete mhiko yekuda kanzuru uye imwe mhiko dzemonki. Vese avo vasina kubvumirana nechiitiko ichi, vakaurayiwa nekuda kwekusasimukira.
Pashure pokunge monarch akauraya mukadzi wake wechiKaturike, akafunga zvakare kuchinja kutenda kwechechi muEngland. Kurambidza tsika dzeKaturike uye vakadzoka muPurotesitendi. Shanduko dzeHeinrich viii dzaisanzwisisika uye dzakasanzwisisika, asi dzakakwanisa kugadzira yavo yeChirungu, yeChirungu yeChirungu kubva kuRoma.
Pakupera kwokubata kwake ushe, Heinrich VIII akatonyanya noutsinye. Vanyori venhoroondo vanoti aive nechirwere genetic akafurira psyche yake psyche - akazviitira zvisina simba, anopisa uye ane hutsinye uye ane hutsinye. Akaita munhu wese asina kuroora kana kuroora.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mambo weChirungu akange akaroora katatu. Mukadzi wekutanga akasarudza baba vake. NaKatherine Aragon, akarambana, achisiya zita rechirikadzi hama. Chikonzero chekurambana ndechekuti vese vana veCatherine vakafa panguva yekuzvitakura kana mushure. Pukunyuka mwanasikana chete, asi Heinrich Viiii akarota mudyi wenhaka. Muna 1553, mwanasikana wake ndiye akatanga mambokadzi weEngland, anozivikanwa pasi pezita Mary Ropa.
Anna Bolein akazova mukadzi wechipiri wamambo. Akaramba kuva tenzikadzi wake, saka mambo akafunga kurambana muCatherine. Yakanga iri Ana akafuridzira Henrich Viii iyo mambo chete ndiye chete pamberi pake nekorona, uye nemafungiro evafundisi muRoma haafanire kunetseka. Mushure meizvozvo, mambo akafunga pamusoro pekuchinja.
Muna 1533, Anna akave mukadzi wake pamutemo wemusoro wenyika. Mugore rimwe chetero, musikana wekare. Mushure memwedzi mipfumbamwe mushure memuchato, Ana akabereka mambo mambo Erizabheti. Mimba dzese dzakatevera risina kubudirira, uye mambo akaodzwa mwoyo mumukadzi wake. Akamupomera kupandukira uye kuurayiwa mumatsime a1536.
Mukadzi anotevera Henry Viii akava Freillina Anna - Jane Seymour. Muchato wakaitika vhiki mushure mekuurayiwa kwemukadzi wechipiri wamambo. Yakanga iri Jane yaive yakakwanisa kubereka madzishe emuchaye mugari wenhaka gumi nemana muna 1537. Vahosi vakafa nguva pfupi mushure mekuonekwa kweMwanakomana pachiedza nekuda kwekuzvarwa kwekuzvarwa.
Muchato unotevera wakava kosi yezvematongerwo enyika. Mambo weChirungu akaroora Anna Klevsky, mwanasikana waJohann III Klevsky, uyo aive mutungamiriri weGerman. Heinrich akasarudza kuti aizo tanga waona musikana uye obva angoita sarudzo, saka ndakaraira mufananidzo wake.
Kuonekwa kwaAna kwaida mambo, uye akasarudza kumuchato. Pavaisangana, mwenga zvakanyanya haana kuda mambo, uye akaedza kubvisa mukadzi wake nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Muna 1540, imba yakadzimwa nekuda kwekupedzisira kwemusikana. Nezvechokwadi kuti imba yakazowana kubudirira, iye akamuronga akaurayiwa - Thomas cromll.
Muzhizha ra1540, Heinrich Viii akaroora hanzvadzi yake mukadzi wake wechipiri - Catherine Howard. Mambo akawira murudo nemusikana, asi aisaziva kuti aive nemudiwa asati aroora. Akachinja mambo uye mushure memuchato. Zvakare, musikana uyu akaonekwa maererano nePJ musoro weHurumende. Muna 1542, Catherine uye vese vanopara mhosva vakaurayiwa.
Ekaterina Parr akazova mukadzi wechitanhatu uye wekupedzisira mukadzi wechiRungu. Muchirungu akabata kaviri chirikadzi pamberi pekuroora nemamambo. Iye akange ari muPurotesitendi uye murume / mukadzi / mukadzi wake akakotamira pakutenda kwake. Mushure mekufa kwaHeinrich viii, akatowana kaviri.
Rufu
Mambo weEngland akatambura nezvirwere gumi nemaviri. Kufutisa kwave kuri dambudziko rayo guru. Akatanga kufamba zvishoma, chiuno chake chakapfuura huwandu hwe115 metres. Akangoda chete nemidziyo yakakosha.
Munguva yekuvhima, Heinrich akakuvara, izvo zvakazoita zvinouraya. Lekari akamunyengera, asi mushure mekukuvara, tsoka dzakapinda muhutachiona hwonda, ronda rakatanga kuwedzera.
Vanachiremba vakadururwa nemaoko avo uye vakati chirwere ichi chinouraya. Ronda racho raizorwa, mamiriro aMambo akapambwa, uye maitiro ake ekutsikisa aive achiri kusimba.
Akachinja maitiro ake emagetsi - angangobvisa zvizere miriwo nemichero, achisiya nyama tsvuku chete. Vanachiremba vane chivimbo chekuti izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinokonzeresa kufa kwamambo muna Ndira 28, 1547.
Ndangariro
- 1702 - chifananidzo muchipatara cheSt. Bartholomew;
- 1911 - iyo firimu "heinrich viii";
- 1993 - iyo firimu "yakazvimiririra hupenyu henry viii";
- 2003 - Series "heinrich viii";
- 2006 - Roman "inhaka yemarwadzo okurwadziwa";
- 2008 - Iyo firimu "imwe yerudzi rweBolein";
- 2012 - Bhuku rinonzi "Heinrich VIII uye vatanhatu vevakadzi Vake: Autobiography yeHenry VIII Nezvekutaura neyemajeti ake."