Biography
Muzivi mukuru uye anofunga ane mazano anoramba akakosha muhurukuro yefungidziro. Biography yeGeorge Hegel inogutswa nepfungwa dzesainzi dzakaunza musayendisiti pasi rose kubwinya kusingaperi. Kugadzirisa Hegel ndekwepamusoro pehunyanzvi hwekufunga uye anodzidziswa mumayunivhesiti emazuva ano sehwaro uye hwaro hwesainzi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
MunaAugust 1770, GeORG Ludwig Hegel akaberekerwa muStuttgart, akatongerwa kupinda nyaya yesainzi yehuchi yehunyanzvi. Baba vakashanda mukuru-wepamusoro-soro padare reW'rttemberg Duke. Kuve nekubva kwakadai, mukomana akagamuchira dzidzo yekutanga-yekirasi. Baba, avo vanofunga kudzidziswa kusimba kwechikoro, vane simba uye mari, nekuwedzera kukoka vadzidzisi kuimba.
Muzivi wenguva yemberi akashora zvidzidzo zvake, uye chishuvo chaive kuverenga. Kunyangwe iyo muhomwe mari yakashandiswa pamabhuku matsva. Mukomana akazove anodzokorora raibhurari yeguta. Kufarira mune mabhuku kwakapihwa kumabasa esainzi uye nehunyanzvi, pamwe nevanyori vekare. Asi artwork, classion yakakurumbira yeGerman, haina kubatanidzwa mumhando yemabhuku aunofarira. Mukutamba kweGymnasium, mukomana akagamuchira mibairo yekuita basa uye kushingairira.
Mushure mekupera kweGymnasium muna 1788, Hegel anopfuura zvezvidzidzo zvebhaibheri uye nePhilosophical makosi mune zvebhaibheri seminari kuYunivhesiti yeTuBingham. Ikoko, jaya rinochengetedza dissertation. Munguva yemudzidzi, inouya pedyo nekujekesa uye mudetembi akabatwa. Kuva mudiki uye kudedera, pamwe nevanofunga zvakapfuura zvenguva iyoyo, vanofarira kufona kwekuchinja kweFrance, asi hazvipinde mumisangano yavo.
Iyo yunivhesiti inoenderera ichishuvira kuverenga nemabhuku, izvo zvinosetsa vandinonamata navo, asi kwete zvachose ivha jaya. Mufaro mufaro wehudiki haasiwo kure nemudzidzi. Semabhizimusi zvakare, ramangwana rakafunga renguva yemberi rakashandisa waini, Nyukhal fodya uye nguva nenguva akapedza manheru ekubhejera.
Sangano raTenzi rakagashirwa neHegesophy, asi makore matatu ekupedzisira ekudzidza anozvipira nedzidziso, kunyangwe mudzidzi akataura nezveChechi uye basa rekunamata. Zvichida, saka, kunyangwe paine bvunzo dzakanaka, mupristi haana kuzova mupristi.
Nokukurumidza mushure mekusunungurwa, jaya raiwana kuti akapedza zvidzidzo zvevana vezvitendero zvakabudirira. Basa rakadai harina kuwandisa kwerudzi rwemberi rwemberi, vakapa mukana wekushanda pamabasa avo uye muitire zvesayenzi. Zvisinei, kana mushure mekufa kwaBaba 1799, murume mudiki akawana nhaka madiki madiki emudzidzisi uye anonyura nemusoro wake kuti ave musangano nesainzi, uye zvakare kuenderana nedzidzo yekudzidzisa.
Uzivi uye sainzi
Kutanga kwenzano dzakakosha dzeHegel iri mumabasa eKant, uyo anoonekwa semuvambi wekufungidzira. Zvisinei, uzivi hwaHegel mukusimudzira hwabviswa kubva kuKant, akaumbwa mudzidziso yakazvimirira.
Nzira yehunyanzvi yeiyo German madzikisi akagamuchira zita remafiresi. Chinhu chechokwadi chefungwa yemusoro wepfungwa ndechekuti chokwadi chinodzidziswa, nekuti zvakasikwa pachavo zvine musoro. Uye chokwadi chiri muMhedziso ingori pfungwa dzinoratidza pachayo munyika.
Iyo dialectic iri mukusunganidzwa kusingaperi kweiyo thesis neantithesiis. Muzivi, achitsanangura pfungwa yacho, akatenda kuti chero iyo thisis yekupedzisira inotungamira kune antithesis, asi izvi hazvimire maitiro, uye nhanho inotevera ndeye synthesis yevaviri vanopikisa vaviri.
Kuva kwaGegel kunoenderana nematanho matatu - ari mairi, ari iye oga uye ari mukati make uye zvake. Iyo pfungwa dzakafanana inoshanda kune iyo pfungwa yemweya nepfungwa. Sezvo pakutanga mumweya pachayo, kupararira munzvimbo, kunova kuzvarwa pachayo - zvisikwa. Uye zvakasikwa zviri kuvandudza mukuziva, izvo zvakare zvinotorawo matanho matatu.
Nheyo yakaenzana yekupatsanurwa kuita matanho matatu inoshandiswa neheyo uye muhurongwa hwehunyanzvi. Logic - sainzi yemweya pachayo; Huzivi zvakasikwa - sainzi yeMweya pachako; Uye uzivi hwakazvimirira hweMweya.
Maitiro, dzidziso yenyika uye uzivi hwenhoroondo zvakazove zvakakosha munharaunda nematunhu ehunyanzvi. Maererano nedzidziso dzaGegel, nyika iri kuratidzwa kwakanyanya kweMweya, iyo pfungwa youmwari yakagamuchira mubatanidzwa pasi pano, chokwadi chekuti mweya wakazvitsikwa. Chokwadi, muzivi anocherekedza kuti nyika ino ingori yakakwana chete. Chokwadi chechokwadi chazadza zvese zvakanaka uye zvakashata nyika.
Iyo nyaya, ichitsanangurwa seSainzi yeChikonzero, uko zviitiko zvichiitika zvinoenderana nemitemo yepfungwa. Mitemo inoratidzika kuva neutsinye uye isina kusarudzika, asi haigone kutongwa nezvinodiwa. Ivo vanotevera chinangwa chemweya wepasirese chisirizvo pakarepo kuti vanzwisise munharaunda.
Ehe, pfungwa dzakadaro dzinofadza dzakarongeka munharaunda uye nesimba. Zvishoma nezvishoma, dzidziso yacho inova uzivi hwomukuru hwenyika, kunyangwe Huyelake haana kugovera wezvematongerwo enyika wevatongi vePrussia. Mabhuku aHegel anogadzirwa nematambudziko akakura uye anodzidziswa kumunyika uye masimba.
Yekutanga mune rondedzero yekucherechedzwa uye yakakosheswa basa ndi "chiitiko cheMweya", icho chakaona chiedza muna 1807, pane pfungwa dzakakosha, pfungwa dzekuratidzira uye mitemo yemitemo yakaumbwa.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Hegel aisanyatso kupa zvirevo zvakajeka zvinoshandiswa nemariro. Panyaya iyi, mirayiridzo inobatanidza dzidziso dzinoonekwa dzidziso. Vazivi vanodudzira vaivapo vevapambi vezvirevo zvakasiyana nenzira dzakasiyana uye vagadzire mitemo yavo yeMhedziso yemweya mhedziso.
Panguva dzakasiyana, dzidziso dzaGegel dzakanyatso kutsoropodzwa. Saka, akararama panguva yePrasho Arthur Schoenhuer achipomera, uye kudzidzisa mune zvakazara zvisina musoro, kuiswa pachena nekuvhiringidza uye foggy nzira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nzvimbo yeiyo rector muNuremberg Gymnasium, yakagamuchirwa muna 1808, haina kuunza muhoro muhombe. Pakutanga, Hegel nepfungwa dzake hadzina kunakidzwa nekubudirira kwevadzidzi. Nekudaro, sekureva kwedzidziso, kubudiswa kwemabhuku akawana kuzivikanwa mumatenduru epamusoro, hurukuro dzehuzivi dzinounganidza vateereri vateereri.
Muna 1811, Hegel anoita chisarudzo chekuwana mhuri uye akawana mwanasikana wevabereki vaMariya von Tukeri. Musikana ari kuita kaviri mukadzi, asi murume akasvibirira, achiyemura pfungwa uye zvaakabudirira zvekupedzisira.
Iyo purazi Hegel yakatungamirwa yakazvimirira, kudzora mitengo uye mari yemhuri. Mukadzi akajaira murandakadzi mumwe chete. Vakaroora vakatanga kuoneka vana. Mwanasikana wekutanga akafa mushure mekuzvarwa, izvo zvaiwanzoitika kune vanaamai vadiki venguva iyoyo. Ipapo kuberekwa kwavanakomana vaviri vakatevera naKarl naImanueri.
Mhuri uye matambudziko emhuri haana kukanganisa muzivi kuti azvipire ku sainzi uye kunyora mabhuku matsva. Muna 1816, musayendisiti anogamuchira kokero kune hurukuro semufananidzo wedhimoni paYunivhesiti yeHeidelberg. Uye shure kwegore, nemutemo, mambo anogamuchira nzvimbo muMapurofesa eBerlin University. Panguva iyoyo, Berlin ndiyo yaive nzvimbo yekufunga kwehungwaru, kirimu yakavhenekerwa uye yepamberi nzanga yaigara muguta guru.
Masayendisiti akakurumidza kuziva nharaunda itsva, yakawedzera denderedzwa rekufambidzana. Pakati peshamwari itsva akaoneka vashumiri, artists, pfungwa dzesainzi. Sezvakarairwa nevanhu vemoirs, Hegel aida nzanga Yenhoroondo, aiziva runyerekupe rweguta. Akanamata kambani yevakadzi, vakadzi vechidiki. Muzivi akazozivikanwa naReal Fran. Pamapepa ake uye vakaroora vakaenda chikamu chakakosha chebhajeti.
Muna 1830, Hegel akagadzwa kugadzwa kweyunivhesiti muBerlin, uye muna 1831 Akapihwa kurongeka kwegondo red yeiyo yechitatu yebasa rehurumende.
Rufu
Muna 1830, iyo Cholera yakaomeswa berlin. Muzivi wake nemhuri yake nekukurumidza akasiya guta. Nekudaro, muna Gumiguru, nekufunga kuti njodzi iyi yapfuura, Dziviriro yakadzokera kubasa pakutanga kwemesita. Musi waNovember 14 wegore rimwe chetero, muenzi mukuru akafa.Sekureva kwavo vanachiremba, vanofunga zvine hunyanzvi vakasiya hupenyu nekuda kwekukwira zviuru zvehupenyu hwedenda, asi chirwere chegastinesa chinoramba chakaita sechikonzero chekusiya hupenyu. Mariro akasarudzika weyesairesi akaitika munaNovember 16.
BHAIBHERI
- 1807 - "Kufunga kweMweya"
- 1812-1816 - "Sayenzi yeOnick"
- 1817 - "Encyclopedia yechizivi sayenzi"
- 1821 - "Ruzivo rweMutemo"