Biography
Erich Fromm - American Psychoanalyst nemidzi yeGerman midzi, uyo akagadzira pfungwa yehunhu hwepfungwa psychoanlis. Mumiriri anopenya weChikoro cheFrankfurt, mumwe wevanhu vefureedism uye freidomarxism.
Mabhuku mazhinji aToorist yehunhu hwehunhu hwehunhu hwakanyorwa nemutauro wekugara wakave: "Kutiza kubva rusununguko", "munhu amene", ","
Musoro mukuru wekusikwa kweErich fromma, dzinenge dzese hupenyu hwake hwakazvitsaurira pakudzidza kwekusanzwisisika kwezvinhu zvakavanzika, zvakapesana nekuvapo kwevanhu munyika.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Ramangwana Psychoanalyst akaberekerwa muFrankfurt Am Main muna 1900. Mwana waErich ari mumhuri yevaJudha veOrthodox. Naftali kubva kumhuri, aive nemhuri, aive nechitoro chewaini. Amai Erich, Rosa Krauy, mwanasikana wevatakuri kubva kuPoznan (Ipapo Prussia). Mhuri yakatsigira tsika dzechitendero, uye vabereki vairota vachiona mwanakomana wake Rabhi kana, pakunyanyisa, muimbi.
Erich akadzidza kuchikoro, uko nheyo dzechiJudha uye zvinhu zvakajairika zvedzidzo zvakadzidziswa. Muna 1918, anobva anobva kuchikoro akapedza chikoro uye akazova mudzidzi weHeidelberg University. MuYunivhesiti, Erich akasarudza uzivi, tsika uye epfungwa nenyaya dzezvidzidzo zvekutanga.
Muna 1922, Erich anobva kuFM akadzivirira kusarava kwake nekusarudza iwo musoro wemutemo wechiJuda uye neSociology yeiyo dia diaspora. Mucherechedzo wake waive werebred weber - munun'una wemukwidziridzi ane mukurumbira wepasirese uye exomist max weber.
Vanobva kuBerlin vakaramba vachidzidza muBerlin, kuInstitute of Psychoanalysts, vanozivikanwa nevadzidzi vake nevadzidzisi neSandor Rado, max Eitingon, Wilhecym Raihich.
MuBerlin, Erich Fromm akasangana neRamangwana Anoda Karen Horney, Psychoanalyst, akapedza kudzidza nezve Institute uye yakakosha chiitiko cheChidimbu. Influential Horney yakabatsirwa kubva kuFrom yekukotama iyo posters ye purofesa ye psychology muChicago.
Uzivi
Pakati ma1920s, Erich Fromm yakava psychoanalyst uye akavhura tsika yakavanzika, iyo isina kumiswa nemakore makumi matatu nemashanu. Kukurukurirana nevarwere kwakapa zvinhu zvakapfuma zvekuongorora zvinhu zvekubereka uye zvemagariro zvekuumbwa kwemunhu wepfungwa.
MuFrankfurt, vachishanda kuInstitute yekutsvaga munharaunda kubva muna 1929 kusvika 1932, kubva muna 1932, kubva muna 1932, kubva muna 1932, kubva kunonzwisisana uye yakataura zvaanoona. Mumakore ano, akanyora uye akaburitsa mabasa ekutanga nezvenzira uye zvinangwa zve psychology.
Muna 1933, Adolf Hitler akauya pasimba, sainzi akatamira kuSwitzerland, uye gore gare gare muAmerica. MuNew York, fromma yakaendeswa kuColumbia University, inotaura kuti dzidzidzise psychology uye magasi. Mukutanga kwa1940, sainzi yeGerman yakamira pamamiriro ekuumbwa kweWashington Chikoro cheSychinatry, uye muna 1946 Akava Muvambi Wokunakidzwa kwePsychiatry Willansson Whatwi Alansson Whatani.
Muna 1950, Psychoanalyst akatamiswa kuguta reMexico uye raishanda semudzidzisi muyunivhesiti yakakura kwazvo kuchamhembe neSouth America kwemakore gumi nemashanu. Erich Bromm akaongorora mapurogiramu ezvemagariro emagariro akasiyana uye akaburitsa basa "rine hutano", mune iyo yakashoropodza hurongwa hwe capitalist.
Muna 1960, musayendisiti akazova nhengo yeAmericanst Bato reAmerica uye akanyora chirongwa chemagariro ekuti mapato mushure mekukakavara kwakarambwa. Erich frommaver lecture vadzidzi, vakanyora mabasa esainzi uye vakatora chikamu mumarara. Imwe psychoanalyst uye Sociologist yakakumbirwa kumayunivhesiti muNew York neMICHGAN.
Kubva kuFeMassion Inoshandira Yakanakidzwa Kuzivikanwa. Bestsseller yakava bhuku rinonzi "kutiza kubva kusunungurwa", rakabudiswa kutanga kwa1940. Iyo sayenzi yakaongorora shanduko mune psyche uye maitiro emunhu mumamiriro ezvinhu etsika dzeWestern, akafunga nezvechisungo chake chekusurukirwa kunotungamira kusurukirwa. Kunyanya kutarisisa mubasa rake kubva kuKubhadhara nguva yekuchinja uye dzidziso dzevafundisi veJean Calvin naMartin Luther.
Muna 1947, musayendisiti akanyora kuenderera mberi kwekudzidza kwakakurumbira kubva pakusunungurwa, achimuti "murume iye," akagadzira dzidziso yekuzvinyudza kwevanhu munyika yetsika dzeWestern uye tsika. Erich frommakaona chikonzero chemisiyano mukukundwa kwetsika kwemunhu mukurwira rusununguko, uye basa re psychoanalysised kuziviswa kwechokwadi pamusoro pake.
Mukati me1950s, muvambi wehunhu Psychoanalyses akaburitsa bhuku "nzanga ine hutano", mairi akasimudza musoro wehukama pakati penzanga nemurume. Mubasa iri, Erich kubva ku "kuyananisa" iyo yakatarisana nefungidziro yeSigmund Freud naKarl Marx. Wekutanga akatenda kuti munhu nemasikirwo anonzi artsocial, yechipiri - iyo munhu ari "mhuka yeruzhinji". Iri bhuku rakazova Bessseller, uyo akasvibiswa makotesheni. Mumwe wavo:
"Muchiitiko cheXix. Dambudziko nderekuti Mwari afa; Mu xx - chii chakafa murume. "Kuongorora Psychology Humani uye maitiro mune akasiyana materu emagariro nenyika, Psychoanalyst akagumisa kuti kuzviuraya kweshoma kunoitwa munyika dzevarombo. A cinema, radio, terevhizheni, frekm misa zviitiko zvinonzi "nzira dzekuzviponesa kubva pakurwadziwa kwekunetseka, uye kana vakatora vanhu vepamoyo kwemavhiki mana, saka zviuru zvakawanda zvinoonekwa neNeurosis.
Pakati pama1960s, mafambiro akapa vateveri basa idzva, zita rekuti "mweya wemunhu". Mubhuku, iyo yeGerman psychologist yakatarisana nechikonzero chechakaipa. Mune imwe pfungwa, iri basa rave richiramba richingoenderera mberi, rinonzi "Art Rudo". Kupopotedzana nezvehunhu hwezvakaipa, Erich anogumisa kuti mhirizhonga igadzirwa nechishuwo chekutonga, uye zvisingaite zvigaro zvine njodzi uye mhuka dzakawanda, vangani vanhuwo zvavo vakaisa simba mumaoko.
Muma1970s, Erich Fromm, achiramba Okuongorora matambudziko ekurwara kwenguva, akapa basa re "nyanzvi yekuparadza kwevanhu", umo chimiro chechimiro chevanhu chavakawedzera.
Hupenyu Hwako
Rudo rwevakuru mune zera vakadzi Erich fromm yakatsanangura kushomeka kwekushisa kwekushisa kwemucheche. Mukadzi wekutanga wesainzi ane makore 26 okusangana akazova mukuru wekare weFrida Reichmann, uyo ane nzira hurukuro yePsychoanalysis.
NaFrieda kubva kuFria Bedzi makore mana chete, asi mukadzi aive nemhedzisiro pakuumbwa kwehunyanzvi hwemurume wake. Mushure mekuparadzanisa, vakaramba vari shamwari, uye varambana vari pamutemo mu1940, Erich akasangana naKaren Horni.
Chikadzi chakakurumbira uye psychoanalyst Horney kazhinji zvakapinda murudo rwerudo nevanoshanda navo, zvakawonyadziswa nevasina kusarudzwa. Dzimwe nguva, Karen aive nevadikani vakati wandei panguva imwe chete, mumwe nemumwe wavo akaisa hunhu hwakasiyana kwezororo.
Karen uye Erich akajairana Berlin. Iyo novel yakavhenekerwa muAmerican, kwavanoenda. Horney akadzidzisa kubva kuTekinoroji Psychology Psychowalysis, iye ari eAsia yeSociaology. Novel haina kushomeka newanano, asi masayendisiti apedza kuziva kweumwe neumwe uye akapesvedzera kukura kwehunyanzvi.
Kwechipiri, kubva kuKutarwa mumakore makumi mana. Mukadzi wake akava ane makore gumi henzney guurland, mifananidzo yemifananidzo uye mutori venhau. Henny akange aine chirwere chakakomba chekumashure. Kuti afambe kutambudzika kwemumwe mukadzi, anobva kuraira kweripi vaende kuMexico City. Rufu rwemudiwa wake muna 1952 dzakavhunduka musayendisiti. Kugara neGourland, iyo German Psychoanalyst yaive inofarira mystics neZen Buddhism.
Ini ndakakwanisa kutsungirira nekuora mwoyo Erich, ndanga ndasangana naAnis Freimen. Akazova mumwe chete mukadzi mukadzi aive mudiki.
Pamwe chete, vakaroora vaigara makore 27, kusvikira pakufa kwesainzi. American Annice akafemera murume wake kuti anyore sainzi yekudyidzana "Art rudo."
Rufu
Pasi peketeni ye1960s, Erich fromma yakawana kurwiswa kwekutanga kwemoyo. Pakati ma1970s, sainzi akatamira kuSwitzerland mutungamiriri wenyika, kwaakapedza kudzidza bhuku kuti 'riite uye kuva ". Muna 1977 na 1978, they: yakanga ine moyo wechipiri uye wechitatu moyo wechitatu.
Mwoyo weiyo yakakurumbira psychoanalyst yakamiswa muna 1980. Kusvikira pa80th Annivers of Erich kubva pamazuva asina kupona mazuva mashanu.
BHAIBHERI
- 1922 - "Mutemo wechiJuda. Kune Sociology yeDiasry Maryry "
- 1941 - "Kubhururuka Kusunungurwa"
- 1947 - "Munhu kwaari"
- 1949 - "murume nemukadzi"
- 1950 - "Psychoanalysis uye chitendero"
- 1951 - "Mutauro wakakanganikwa. Nhanganyaya kune sainzi yekunzwisisa kwezviroto, ngano ngazvinetswa uye ngano "
- 1955 - "Social Society"
- 1956 - "Art Rudo"
- 1962 - "Kune rimwe divi rekufungidzira rinotisamira. Sezvandakasangana naMarx uye Freud "
- 1968 - "Munhu Wemunhu"
- 1970 - "Dambudziko rePsychoanalysis"
- 1973 - "Anatomy Wokuparadza Kwevanhu"
- 1976 - "Iva kana kuva"
- 1979 - "Mukuru uye muganho wefungidziro yeFreud"
- 1981 - "Pakusateerera uye Zvimwe Zvinyorwa"