Biography
Jean Calvin - Chitendero cheFrench, mumwe wevamiriri vekuyerera kwezvinhu, muzivi, pamwe nemuvambi wekudzidzisa kwake, anonzi "Calvinism". Hupenyu hwemurume uyu hwaive husina nyore, asi chinangwa uye kuvimbika pamaonero avo zvakaitwa naJean Calvin mufananidzo unooneka mufananidzo wenguva iyoyo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Vafundisi vemangwana uye vanodzoreredza vakazvarwa musi waChikunguru 10, 1509 mumhuri yeKaturike yechiKaturike. Kalvin's Hemiland yeguta raNuayon, riri muchikamu chekumusoro kweFrance. Baba vemukomana vanowana budiriro inoshamisa semunyori webhishopi wenzvimbo, pamwe nemuchuchisi wemari.
Amai vaJean vakafa achiri mwana achiri mudiki, uye baba vake vakanga vachishaya nguva yekumuka mukoma wake. Naizvozvo, jean mudiki akapihwa pasi pekuchengetwa kwemumwe mhuri yakawanda, kwaakagamuchira zvekutanga zvedzidzo uye akanyudza zvinhu zvikuru.
Pazera ramakore gumi nematatu, Jean Calvin Panosimbirira baba vake akaenda kuParis kuti adzidze sainzi uye yehunhu hwevanhu. Kwemakore ekudzidza, jaya rePodnataroval mune dialectics uye vakava mutauri akangwara. Vashoma gare gare murume wechidiki akatovimba nekuverenga mharidzo mune imwe yeChechi yeChechi. Wobva wasvika vazhinji, Calvin (zvakare, zvichitevera kuda kwaBaba) vakaramba vachidzidziswa.
Panguva iyo, jaya racho rakatanga kunzwisisa huchenjeri hwekutonga, uye achipedza kudzidza kwake, akatamira kuOleans, kwaakapinda vadzidzi kuGweta rakakurumbira Pierre Stelle. Pasinei nekubudirira kuri pachena pane iri munda uye kugara uchikudzwa kwevanokurudzirwa nevanopa mazano, pakarepo mushure mekufa kwababa, kwaJean Calvin vanosiya kusakura uye kukwidza kune dzidziso yebhaibheri.
Jaya racho rakadzidza mabasa evainotenda, idzo kutenda kwechiKristu, Bhaibheri, kududzirwa kwaro kwakawanda uye kutaura pamusoro pazvo. Panguva iyoyo, Jean Calvin akatora "kucheneswa" kwechechi. Parallel Calvin akagamuchira deginiti resayenzi rezinesia uye akaparidzira mukusvika kaviri kudiki.
1532 MuBiography of Jean Calvin akaiswa nezviitiko zviviri: Jaya racho rakagamuchira degree rechiremba, pamwe nemari yake yaakaburitswa nesainzi yekutanga yesainzi. Aya aitaura kune basa reSvesoseri Philososeri pasi pezita "nezveunyatsiri".
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti chimiro chaJean chaizoita zvekuita zvejaya: Mumakore makumi maviri nemaviri aive asiri munhu akafanana newangu uye akagadzirira kudzivirira maonero airatidzika kwaari ndezvechokwadi chete. Vezera Reean vakatopa kuti zita rekuti "kuunganidza", kureva "nyaya" iri mupombwe ", uye vaigara vachinzi" tsika. "
Dzidziso
Zvishoma nezvishoma, Jean Calvin akapinda nemazano anochinja. Simba guru, mumaonero evazhinji vevanyorerwo, Martin Luther (Muvambi weanoshandura maonero) akashandurwa kuWorldview of theologician (muvambi weanoshandura maonero).
Uyezve, jaya racho rakanga risiri mutorwa kumasendimita eVanhu erasmus Rotterdam uye lefevra d'etapl. Panenge panguva imwe chete iyoyo, munharaunda yeParis, munharaunda yeParis, munharaunda yeParishi yevatsigiri emafungiro egadziriro okugadzirisa akatanga kuita, akajoinha Calvin akabatanidza, uye munguva pfupi kutenda kune mutungamiriri weboka iri.
Basa guru revarindi uye nzanga yechiKristu yakazara, Jean Calvin akatarisa kusunungurwa kwekushungurudzwa nevafundisi, vaigara vachiita. Zvakare, dzidziso huru dzaCalvin dzaive dzakavakirwa pambiro yekuenzana kwevanhu vese pamberi paMwari uye mutemo wenyika. Iyo shandura haina kutyisidzira kurwisa vafundisi, akatombofunga kuparadzira kutaura kwake kusingafungiki "pahunhu hwechiKristu" mukudhinda.
Rusununguko rwakadaro rwakakwezva kutarisa kwevakuru vakuru vakafukidza meso avo kumwedzi yevashandi vekereke uye vaisada kubviswa kwezviito zvinotyisa kudaro. Jean Calvin akatambudzwa, shandura zvakare yakatanga kutsvaga kuyambuka Paris. Kwechinguva, murume akafukidzwa nevanhu vane moyo yakafanana, uye ipapo Calvin akatamira kuGeneva, kwaakaronga kuti apedze manheru.
Nekudaro, izvi zvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa kuchinja: kuGeneva Calvin vakasangana nevateveri uye vakawana shamwari uye mubatsiri mukutarisana nemuparidzi nedzidziso yeiyo Gilome yeGiro reGiLome yeGilome yeGilome yeGiro reGiLome yeGilome yeGiLome yeGilome yeGilome yeGiro reGiLome yeGilome yeGiLome yeGiro WeGilome yeGilome yeGiro reGiLome yeGilome yeGilome yeGiro reGiLome yeGilome yeGiro WechiGilome yeGiLome yeGiLome yeGilome yeGiLome yeGilome yeGilome yeGiro. Kuedza kwekupedzisira, Jean Calvin akazivikanwa kuGeneva, kwaakanonoka kupokana nezvirongwa zvekutanga. Munguva pfupi yapfuura dzidziso nyowani, iyo yakatogamuchira zita rekuti "Calvinism" kare, rakazozivikanwa kupfuura miganhu yeGeneva.
Kwapera nguva yakati, Calvina aifanira kusiya guta iri raigamuchira vaenzi nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe chete senyika yehurumende. Vezvechitendero vakatamira kuTrasbourg - Guta ravakawanda vagari vakaomerera kuPurotesitendi. Vachengeti uye pakawana chidzidzo, kuparidza nekuverenga hurukuro mune imwe yekatheji.
Pasina nguva, Strasbourg akataura nezve shanduko yetsva, uye Calvin akagamuchira nzvimbo yepamutemo uye akademba Muparidzi, iyo yaifambisa hupenyu hwake hwezuva nezuva. Muna 1537, atodzokera kuGeneva, Jean Calvin akapedza basa rakakura kwazvo "katechism" - chirevo chechirevo chemitemo uye chemaCalvinism ", akaiswa kune vese vechechi uye huwandu hwevanhu.
Mitemo iyi yakazova yakaoma uye yaida kutungamirirwa nemirairo mitsva muguta, asi kanzuru yeguta yakatsigira shanduro, uye kugadziriswa kwakabvumidzwa pamusangano unotevera. Nekudaro, kuita, kwaiita kunge kwakanaka, pasina nguva refu kwakashanduka kuita dudziro yakaoma.
Munguva yeGeneva, kutaura zvazviri, mitemo yeJean Calvin uye vatsigiri vake vanopihwa nemitongo yakawanda yerufu. Hakuna vagari vadiki vakadzingwa kunze kweguta, vamwe vese vaigara vachitya kutongwa kwenzvimbo uye zviremera: Panguva iyoyo, kushungurudzwa kwainzi vanhuwo zvavo, uye kutya kwevagari vemo vaive nevhu rakakura.
Mukufanana, Jean Calvin akashanda pane zvakakomba basa muhupenyu, anonzi "kuraira mukutenda kwechiKristu." Iri basa rakakura rakakura rakava muunganidzwa wemabhuku, mharidzo, hurukuro uye zvirevo zvinoratidza maonero emunyori, mirayiridzo yezvizvarwa zvenguva nenguva uye zvinotevera. Hurefu Calvin akanyora 57 mavhoriyamu.
Pfungwa huru, iyo yepakati chinangwa, inotevera kuburikidza nemabasa aJean Calvin, kuziva simba repamusoro-soro kune wese munhu. Humambo hwaMwari hwaMwari, zvichienderana neCalvin, zvinoreva kuzviisa pasi kwakazara kwekuda kwaIshe.
Chisarudzo chimwe chete chimwe chete chinowanikwa kuvanhu - kuva naMwari kana kusiya kutenda uye kuzvitambudza pakutarisira hupfu hwakaipa mushure mehupenyu hwepasi pano. Nekudaro, sarudzo iyi, yaifunga nezvaCalvin, yakafanorongerwa kusati kwamboitika kuna Mwari. Nezera, iyo shandura yakawedzera kunonaka, ine hutsinye uye isingazviripo kuti isavapindamo.
Hupenyu Hwako
Jean Calvin aive akaroora. Muna 1540, mudzidzi wezvechitendero akasanganiswa nemukadzi aine mukadzi anonzi Idetetta de b bur.
Iye mukadzi wacho akapa shanduri yevana vatatu, asi vese vakafa muzera recheche, vasina kubvumira Calvin kuti vawane mufaro wemubereki. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mukadzi waCalvin akasiya hupenyu hwake pamberi pake.
Rufu
Muna 1559, Jean Calvin akanhonga fivha yakasimba, asi yakasiiwa pamubhedha ndokuenderera mberi nebasa rekushanda. Mushure menguva yakati, chirwere chakatsauka, asi hutano hweudzidzi hwakazungunuswa zvakanyanya.
Muna 1564, panguva yeMharidzo yakatevera, Calvin akawira pasi, muromo wemurume waienda. Mwedzi mitatu, iyo Reformer akapedza pamubhedha mukutambudzika kunotyisa, uye musi waMay 27, 1564, Jean Calvin haana.
Mafambiro
- 1536 - "Kuongorora Mukutenda kwechiKristu"
- 1543 - "Kurapa pamusoro peRelics"