Biography
Veniamin AlexandRovich Kaverin iri munyori weSurnation Soviet, mutambi uye screenwriter. Nhengo yeboka rezvinyorwa zve "Serapionov Brothers" uye anokunda wechibayiro cheStalinist. Iye munyori webhuku iri reIkonic kumarudzi mazhinji evechidiki - "mutungamiriri maviri" novel, aiverenga nemamirioni.
VenIamin Zilber - Izvi zvinonzwika iro zita chairo reProse - rakatora nzvimbo yekugadzira pseudonym cavery. Uye pamwe naye iye akagara nhaka kubva protomype - Gusar uye Fodlanta Peter Cavel, shamwari yechidiki Alexander Pushkin, yakapihwa naye pasi pezita rake rekupedzisira muEvasia rimwe chete - kutungamira nekudzidzira kuita zvinokanganiswa.
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Iye munyori we "vatungamiriri vaviri" mu1902 musi wa 1902 muPSKOV, uko nemukadzi wake Ana nevana vatatu kubva kuVyborg vakafamba-famba yeOmsk Infantry Regiment Ziriment Zirimi.
MUPSKOV, pakanga pasina mhuri diki muna Pskov: Vazhinji vakomana vatatu vakawedzerwa nevanasikana vaviri neMwanakomana, mudiki weiyo yaive ramangwana prose. Gare gare, munyori achazonetsa mhuri yake, achizvitutumadza, asi mukunoonekwa muguta redunhu.
Musoro wemhuri pakanga paine murume ane tarenda, ane mimhanzi zvipo. Muzvivakwa, uko zilber-mukuru akadzidziswa neOrychestra, marongero emauto akaiswa zvikamu zviviri kubva muzuva rimwe nerimwe rezuva. Saka nemhuri nevana vasere, sezvandaigona, zvakachengetedzwa neAnna Grigorievna, Amai.
Kufanana nemurume, Anna aive nemumhanzi uye ane chipo uye akadzidza mukadzi uye akadzidza. Iye akapedza kudzidza kweMoscow Conservatory akatamba virtuoso pane piyano uye akaponesa chisimbiso chemhuri bhajeti ine mimhanzi yemimhanzi.
Enterlogic, anehungwaru anna zilber-desan akarongeka mudunhu remakomisheni evanokurumbira varidzi. Kutenda kwaari muPSKOV, Vera Commissionerzhhevskaya uye Fyodor Shalyapin akashanyirwa. Vana vese vaiziva nzira yekuita zvishandiso zvasiyana, verenga zvakawanda uye kuda kuziva kwakapihwa kutaurirana kwevakuru avo vakakurukura nezvezviitiko zvetsika muguta kana nyika.
Mudiki uye anobvunza Ventiamini akateerera kutaurirana kwehama neshamwari dzavo - vanyori venguva yemberi uye masayendisiti yuri tynyanov, Nyamavhuvhu weiyo Mirone Garkavi.
Muna 1912, Kateryin akapinda mumitambo yemitambo yemunharaunda. Risiti racho rakanga risiri nyore kumukomana: kubvira pakuzvarwa kwevanhu, Akakundikana iyo arithmetic bvunzo kaviri. Makore matanhatu matanhatu akapedzerwa pamadziro eGymnasium akarangarirwa nezviitiko zvakapenya.
Huve humwana hwakapera munguva yechando cha1918, apo maGerman pinda Pskov. Mashizha kubva kune chokwadi chechokwadi. Vechidiki - Realists, Seminarians, Vadzidzi - Vakapopotedzana nezvebasa reGreat Gorky, Leonid Andreva naAlexander Kurin. Yury Tanyanov yaive masimba kune iyo yechidiki yeCynyin, yakatora mukadzi wake kuna Sishion Elena. Tynyanov akashora ndima dzeMi-Fiams yemakore gumi nematatu-gore, kunyangwe akacherechedza syllable yakanaka. Iye ndiye akatanga kuraira cavery kunyora prose.
Mabhuku
Muna 1919, munyori weramangwana akaenda nemunun'una wake kuMoscow, kwaakangova mudzidzi weyunivhesiti. Pakuno kurudziro yeTynyanov muna 1920, akaendeswa kuYunivhesiti yeguta rekuchamhembe uye mugore rimwe chete rakapinda munyama mitauro yevayananiso.
Venyamin Kavein akazivikanwa nhetembo, akazununguka, akashanyira masisitimu, pakupedzisira uye akasarudza kuti adzivirirwe. Iyo nyaya yeiyo Novice Munyori akacherechedza gorky.
Victor Shklovsky akaunza munyori wechidiki mubhuku ranyura
"Hama Alchemist", seKaverin vakadana, vakatsoropodza kupindwa muropa nehurongwa hwekurangana uye nekuchiva kwakanyanya kune chimiro. Bichheva Matrov uye VenIamin: Ivan TurnevEv anonzi "Muvengi mukuru wevanyori" uye anobva kune vanyori veRussia "
Muna 1923, chiitiko chekutanga chaive chiri kuitika muBieropu yechidiki Proziraika: Vensiamin Cavery akaburitswa bhuku rekutanga renyaya nekumudaidza "maitiro uye maPublickies". Basa rehove rakatevera kugona kwesuwo rechidiki rinonzi "munyori wepakutanga" waunoshanda naye.
Venyamin Cayyin, seyakanakisa kubva mukusunungurwa, akaramba ari muYunivhesiti Chikoro Chekupedza kudzidza: Philologist akakwezva vanyori veRussia vanozivikanwa veGuzika yekutanga yeXix. Muna 1929, akadzivirirwa kuInstitute of Art Nhoroondo. Mukutanga kwa1930, vanyori vakanyora mitambo iyo yakaiswa mumutungamiriri wevakarukwa. VSevolod Meayalder akabayira coverein kushandira pamwe, asi akaramba, achitarisa masimba pamasimba pane iwo nezviratidzo.
Iyo yekutanga matatu-vhoriyamu Keverina yakabuda apo munyori akataura neyegumi nemasere. Asi kuma1930, prosti ine tarenda yakaziviswa munyori, "Wafambi" uye akapomerwa "nyota yekudzoreredzwa kweBourgeois." Kupomerwa kwakadaro mumakore iwayo kunofanirwa kunge kuri kuita kuti usapinda mumigodhi mamirimita. Veniramin CavEverein akauya kuzodada uye akanyora zita rekuti "Kuuraya zvishuvo." Iri bhuku rakaverengerwa, asi munyori anonzi rakanyorwa rakanyorwa "rekutsvaga".
Iri bhuku uye rinoteverwa ne "vatungamiriri vaviri" vakachengetedzwa kubva mumugumo weshoko reshumba zilbheka, mudzidzi, akashanyira misasa katatu. Zvinoenderana nerunyerekupe, rumwari rwakarumbidza Joseph stalin. Cavery yakaiswa pamubayiro wemutungamiriri. Panguva imwecheteyo, munyori akakwanisa kusarangarira bato, Komsomol uye mutongi iye mune chinyorwa. Iri bhuku racho rave rakakurumbira basa remuchupu.
Munguva yehondo huru yenyika, munyori akashanyira leningrad pamberi uye nyenguve yekuchamhembe seIzvesti munyori. Uine ruzivo rwakaratidzwa mumabhuku, kuenderera "kwevakuru vaviri vakabuda.
Muna 1946, kutonga kwebato pamusoro pemagazini "nyeredzi" uye "Leningrad" yakabudiswa, mune Andrei Zhdanov Zoshchenko and Anna Akhmatov "Lake" uye "Bluudnitsa". Aimbove shamwari, dzaisangana OP, nekukurumidza kuenda kune rumwe rutivi rwemugwagwa. Asi mafungiro kune shamwari yekare ye cavery, anonzi Zoshchenko, mumwe wevanyori vechizvino zvezvino. Ventiamin Cayyin akasiya iyo odel Colla, achibatsira mari.
Muna 1947, munyori akasiiwa neLeningrad ndokutamira kuguta guru. Aigara muPedeyelkino uye akashanda muThiology "Bhuku Rakavhurika". Nevha iri pamusoro pekuumbwa kwezvinhu microbiology yakaburitswa muna 1948 uye vaifarira vaverengi. Asi vatsoropodzi nevanoshanda navo, vanyori vakasangana nebhuku vachipwanya kutsoropodza. Vanyori vevanyori gumi nemana ekuongorora uye zvinyorwa zvakazivisa chinyorwa chine chivakwa chengariro chemagariro.
Muna 1954, pane 2 Munyori Congress, Veniramin Kavein anonzi kuremekedza rusununguko rwekusika uye ipa kuongororwa kwakanaka kweiyo mikhail bulgakov and yuri tynyanov. Muna 1956, "Intererary Moscow" Almanac yakabudiswa 2 ye "bhuku rakazaruka". Nguva dzakachinja, kuenderera mberi kwechiopi kwaisangana zvakadzikama.
Muna 1960s, Ventiamin Caveryin mu "Nyika Itsva", Yakatungamirwa naAlexander Tvardovsky, zvinyorwa zvakaburitswa muZoshchenko akaedza kugadziridza. Muma1970s, akadzivirira Alexander Solzhenziyo.
Muna 1972, muchuchisi akataura kuti vaverengi vaishandisa chifeve chinoshamisa "pamberi pegirazi", uye muna 1976 pane nyaya "yakavhenekerwa windows". Nhaka yekugadzira yeVeneiamine river zvakare ngano dzakanaka dze "Verle", "Nemukukinsky Vaimbi", "Hourglass".
Munyori aisava asinganzwisisike, kunyangwe kupfuura kana kamwe chete akashinga kudzivirira vashanda navo muOpal. Kuongororwa kwakanyanyisa kwechokwadi kwevanhurume uye vanyori vakakanganisa pasi payo kwakapihwa mubhuku reMemoirs "Epilogue", iro rakanyora "mutafura" muma1970. Alexey Tolstone, Valentin KATV, KONSTANTIN SIMONI, kushoropodzwa kwakaoma.
Budiriro yeEpilogue munyika haina kugona kutaura, asi ini ndaisada kudhinda memoirs kunze kwenyika. Akapa manyoro ehunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza kweVladimir Wigivich a akadzingwa kubva kuUSSR. Iri bhuku rakabudiswa muna 1989 kumusha kwake. Caverin akamirira kopi yemazwi.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 1922, munyori wechidiki akaroora Lydia tydia tynyanova, hanzvadzi yeshamwari yuri tynyanov. Mumuchato unofadza uye usingaperi, vana vaviri vakazvarwa - Nikolai naNatalia.
Vana havana kutevera tsoka dzevabereki (Lydia nikolaevna vakanyora vana) uye vakasarudza mushonga. Mwanakomana uye mwanasikana vakava mapurofesa, vakadzivirira vanachiremba.
Rufu
Vensiamin cayyin akanyora kusvika pamazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu, asi zvese zvirongwa hazvina kuve nenguva. Yekupedzisira, Farewell, Bhuku rinenge raTynanov, kushamwaridzana naVenitiamin AlexandRovich yakatorwa kuburikidza nehupenyu hwake.
Iye munyori akafa muchirimo cha1989, aine makore makumi masere nemasere. Kuviga Munyori we "Vatungamiriri vaviri" kuVagankovsky Cemetery.
BHAIBHERI
- 1923 - "Masters uye Mudzidzi"
- 1925 - "Negumi Negumi Newe Fate"
- 1925 - "Kupera kwaHaza"
- 1928 - "Scandalist, kana manheru paVasilevsky Island"
- 1929 - "O. I. SENKOVSKY (BONON BRAMBUS) "
- 1931 - "Artist isingazivikanwe"
- 1934-1936 - "Kuuraya Zvishuvo"
- 1938-1944 - "Mutungamiriri Waviri"
- 1949-1956 - "Vhura Bhuku"
- 1957-1959 - "Shamwari isingazivikanwe"
- 1960 - "chidimbu chegirazi"
- 1962 - "Vangu vaviri Vakasviba"
- 1962 - "Spit Kunaya"
- 1963-1964 - "Mufananidzo Woubui"
- 1972 - "Girazi risati rasvika"
- 1978 - "Kamuri-mbiri Kufamba"
- 1983 - "Sainzi Yekuparadzanisa"
Ndangariro
- Mukuremekedza v. A. Kaverin, iyo Asteroid Veniakaverin inonzi (2458 veniakaverin)
- Mongwe kune magamba ekunyora ebhuku reNove "Vaviri veCaptain" - Tatarinov uye Grigoriev - iri muguta rePSKOV, muchivara pamberi pePskov raibhurari mushure meV. A. Kaverin
- Iyo nzvimbo ye "Vatambi vaviri" (Polyarny Mymansk dunhu) inonzi mushure mezita rimwe chete reRoma V. A. Kaverin