Biography
Ex-Officer Alexander Litvinenko, uyo akashanda pamberi pezita remusoro weLieutenant Colonel Fsb, akatanga kushoropodza zviremera zveRussia. Iko kushamwaridzana kwakadzingwa uye kupomerwa mhosva yemhosva dzinoverengeka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Litvinenko akamanikidzwa kuenda kuUK. Biography nemamiriro ezvinhu erufu rwake achiri kufarira.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Litvinenko Alexander Valtererovich akaberekwa musi waDecember 4, 1962 muguta reVoronezh. Nina Pavlovna, Amai, Dzidzo Vezvehupfumi, uye Baba Walter AleksandRovich - Kapteni yeMauto emukati.
Iye mukomana paaive nemakore maviri, vabereki vakasarudza kurambana, Alexander akagara naamai vake. Vakatamira kuguta reNlchik kuti vasimbise hutano hwaSasha, akabva ararama sekuru vake nasekuru vake.
Pazera ramakore gumi nemasere, Litvinenko anoenda muchiuto. Mushure mekunge demobilation, inova cadet yeChikoro cheMusangano Mukurusa weShumiro yezvinhu zvemukati muguta reEdzhonikitidze. Pakunakidzwa nekuguma, murume anotanga kushanda mumauto echiono.
Basa reMauto
Alexander ldvinenko aive nemakore makumi maviri nematatu, akapinda mubasa iri kuKGB, kwaakange aita nyaya dzekusimbisirwa zvombo. Pashure pemakore maviri, murume akapedza kudzidza kubva kumakosi epamusoro ekupokana. Munguva imwe chete iyoyo, Alexander akatamira kuDhipatimendi rakakodzera.
Kuve mushandi anoshanda ehofisi yepakati yeFSB kubvira 1991, hunyanzvi hwake hwaipesana nehugandanga nemhosva. Muna 1997, Litvinenko akaendeswa kunzvimbo yemutevedzeri wemutevedzeri weimwe yeUrpo kupatsanurwa.
Muna 1998, panguva yemusangano neyekupedzisira, iye uye boka revanoshanda navo vakashuma kuti vakagamuchira oda kubvisa munyori wekuremekedza weCander Council yeRussian Federation - Boris Berezvivsky. Zviito izvi zvakamhan'arwa putin, uyo panguva iyoyo akashanda semusoro weFSB. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyi yechiitiko chemutengo webasa revashandi.
Muna 1999, Alexander Litvinenko akasungwa uye anotumirwa kuSize yeFSB. Mune ramangwana, Dare richaruramisa murume, asi iye achangovhara pamhosva yechipiri. Kunyange zvakadaro, muna 2000, nyaya yacho ichavharwa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemhosva.
Pashure pokupedzisira, kugadzirwa kutsva kwakavhurika, asi panguva ino Bitvinen yakaburitswa kunyoreswa kweshoko. Mushure meizvozvo, murume akatiza kubva kunyika nekuda kwekuchengetedza zvikonzero. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvhurwa kwenyaya yechina yematsotsi. United Kingdom muna 2001 inopa ex-cheekist yezvematongerwo enyika overlum.
Litvinenko akasimbisa kuti maererano nehunhu hwebasa raakange asingakwanise kuziva uye, semhedzisiro, kugadzirisa zvakavanzika zveRussia. MuLondon, aimbova mukurubhi aigara pane bhuku rinobva kuBerezovsky nheyo uye nemari kubva pamhedziso yekutengesa kutengeserana kwekutengeserana pakati peRussia neBritish vatori vechikamu uye veBritish. Muna 2002, dare reRussia Federation rakapa mutsara wekunyorerana: makore 3.5 Mamiriro ezvinhu.
Iye murume wacho akapa kubvunzana kwakawanda uye kunyora zvinyorwa, kupomera hutongi hweRussia muzvematsotsi.
Hupenyu Hwako
Mukuru wekare aive nemichana maviri. Wokutanga mukadzi ndiNatalia, aiziva naye kubva achiri mudiki. Alexander pagara muFryazino, aive shamwari neshamwari yemusikana wemusikana, saka aigara achishanyira imba yavo. Asi kubatana kwakaputsika - Bitvinen aifanira kuenda kuNALCHIK.
Vechidiki vakaroora kana Talia paive 19, uye Alexander - ane makore makumi maviri, akaramba achidzidza pachikoro ichi. Hupenyu hwejoin hwakagara makore anopfuura gumi. Pakati peino nguva yenguva, mhuri iyi yaifamba yakatenderedza nyika, vaigara muNovonzerki, uye muTver, uye muOvomoskovsk. Kubva muwanano yekutanga, Bitvinenko akazvarwa vana vaviri: Sofia naAlexander.
Mukutanga 90s, shanduro iyi paLubyanka yakava nemafaro emhuri. Basa rekutanga raida kugara mufurati hwemagetsi, vakaburitsa mari yacho. Yaive manhamba akaunganidza Alexander nemukadzi wake wechipiri Marina. Bitvinenko akasiya mhuri yaive isiri mwanasikana wake 2, uye mwanakomana wake aive angangoita makore matanhatu. Nekudaro, iyo yaimbove yemumwe murume asina kupindura naAlexandra zvakashata, vachimudaidza kuti kufa kwedambudziko rinotyisa.
Muwanano yechipiri, Alexander naMarina vakazvarwa mwanakomana waAnatong. Mune ramangwana, akadzidza kukodhi yunivhesiti nekusarudza mutemo wekuEurope wekuEurope sekunyanzvi. Sarudzo yeSangano yakazova mutero kune ndangariro dzaBaba, dzakasiya muwadi mukurapa kwakanyanya kwekiriniki koramu. Mubvunzurudzo, kufambidzana 2015, akaona kuti baba vake vakaedza kuita kuti Russia ive nani.
Upfu uye Rufu
Mbudzi 2006 yakava iyo yekupedzisira yeiyo ex-mushandi akakosha masevhisi, aive aine muchetura neuto remagetsi. Zvichienderana nemafungiro ekuferefeta, chepfu yemaundu, chine chiremera chakaitika paMireniyumu Hotera panguva yemusangano neaimbova Baunt Lugov uye Businessman Dmitry Kovtun.
Pashure pechirongwa che chepfu, vaipotedza, uye kunyangwe kuedza kwevanhu vane roughoto vane chekuita nehurwere, vakaramba vachiwedzera. Musi waNovember 23, 2006, Alexander Litvinenko, akavigwa kuLondon High Gumeter Cemetery.
Nekuda kwekuvhurwa, zvakava pachena kuti rufu rwakanga rwakaitika nekuda kwehupfu nezviroto zvinonzi Polonium-210. Wobva watevera kutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwechinhu ichi muLondon. Uye avo vakaratidza mumatare matatu: Hotera Millenium, Male Abrakadabra Club uye Emirates Stadium, uko Meadow akatarisa mutambo pakati peLondon Arsenal uye Russian Cska.
Mhedzisiro yacho yakatangwa kuti pazuva rekucheta muchetura yaive nemusangano waiva nemusangano waMario Scaremella, uyo anoonekwa sehunyanzvi mukuchengeteka. Pamusangano, maererano naMario, akaendesa zvinyorwa zveAlexander nezve kuurayiwa kweAnna Politkovskaya.
Tsoka dzetsoka Polonia-210 dzakawanikwa munzvimbo mbiri dzepiritsi muHeathrow, pamwe nefurati muHamburg, iyo yakanga yakatifadza Dmitry Kovtun. Vanenge vanhu mazana manomwe vakaongororwa chepfu yeRexication, asi pakanga pasina zviratidzo zvakakomba.
Pamberi porufu, iyo yaimbova Colande FSB yakagamuchira chiIslam uye ikaburitswa kumuviga zvinoenderana netsika dzeMuslim. Sekureva kwaBerezvivsky, iyi sarudzo yaive chiratidzo chaicho chekubatana nevecherekedzo vanhu. Uku kufananidzira pamwe nemakore ehondo mukurwisa maNazi, vanhu vezvimwe zvitendero uye nyika dzakapfeka tremband nenyeredzi ine matanhatu.
Mumazuva achangopfuura, Alexander Litvinienko akadzidzisa chirevo, kwaakazivisa mhosva dzezviremera zveRussia uye pachezvake Vladimir Putin, uyo akadana kuti "utsinye asina utsinye." Zvakare, murume wacho akanyora zvinodiwa uye akabvunza Maria Litvinenko kuti aite mufananidzo wake.
Kutenderedza dambudziko iri, nyanzvi yepasi rose yakagadzirwa, yakawedzera kukura pakati peMoscow neLondon. Kupikiswa uye vamiriri vekumadokero vakapomera mutungamiri weRussia mukubviswa kwemukuru akapwanya mhiko. Asi putin chete yakaratidza kuzvidemba kuti dambudziko romunhu oga rakashanda mukutsanangurwa kwezvematongerwo enyika. Humambo hunosimbiswa vaitenda kuti lvinenko akaurayiwa, asi mukuwedzera kwevanhu vakafungidzirwa mhosva, Russia yakaramba. Nekudaro, vakaramba kubatanidzwa mukuuraya.
MunaApril 2018, hofisi yemuchuchisi weHamburg yakawana kuti Poloniy "yaive muLondon vasati vasvika ikoko kweLogovoy naKovtun." Heano mazwi ezano kune muchuchisi mukuru weRussia:
- "Zvinoenderana nemhedziso yemhedziso, huwandu hwakanyanya hwekutama hwakawanikwa muhofisi yeLondon yeBerezovsky, pamwe nemuviri wechigari veItaly - Mario Scaremella."
Pakutanga, kuongorora kweGreat Britain kwakapokana kuti chepfu yaButhvinko ibasa remaoko ehurumende yeRussia. Saizvozvo, akaramba mhosva yaakapomerwa, achiona zvematongerwo enyika zvekuferefeta.
Ndangariro
- Muna 2015, Alexander Litvinnko akashanda seyakavhunduka yeimwe yemavara makuru (Alexander volkov) yeiyo 8-seri terevhizheni yefirimu "isina kusarudzika". Basa reVolkova vakaita mutambi kirill pletno.
- Silantyev R. A. 100 yeiyo yakakurumbira "muRussia maMuslim". - Yekaterinburg: Yekaterinburg diocese, Dhipatimendi reMishinari, 2016. - 216 p. - 500 makopi.
- Litvinenko, Alexander - Chinyorwa mu LentPedia. gore ra2012.
- Litvinenko's Breature Fund
- Ndivanaani vaiva MrVinenko?
- Alexander Litvini's Memory saiti
- "FSB inoputika Russia" - Bhuku raAlexander Litvinenko uye Yuri Felshta, Varanda vezvivakwa zvehugandanga - kuputika kwezvivakwa zveGiramu muRussia mukudonha kwa1999, kusanganisira basa re FSB mune chiitiko muRyazan musi waSeptember 22, 1999.
- Lubyanka Criminal Group ndiAlexander Bitvince Bhuku raAlexenko nezve shanduko yeRussia yekuchengetedza kweRussia kune tsotsi uye gandanga sangano.
- Dhifiridzo yefirimu Andrei Nekrsova: bongozozo. Litvinenko kesi