Biography
Munyori weAmerican naPlayWright Irwin Shaw vane hunyanzvi hwekugona kubatanidza zvakadzika uye kushamisika kwakanyanya mumabasa. Nounyanzvi akavaka zano, rakapukutwa kusvika pakukwana kwehurukuro, mapepa akapendwa anopenya ezvinyorwa. Iyo show ndeimwe yevanyori vashoma inokwanisa kukwira kumusoro kwayo muchimiro chakareruka uye chinonakidza. Nezvehupenyu hwake, akanyora nyaya zhinji dzinonakidza uye dzidziso dzisina kurasika kusvika zvino.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Iro zita chairo raIrwin Ratidziro - Irwin Gilbert Shamforoff, yakazvarwa muNew York, muSouth Bronx. Grew mumhuri yevaJudha vane makore kubva kuRussia. Mushure menguva pfupi mushure mekuzvarwa kwaIrvina, mhuri inoenda kuBrooklyn. Iri muguta rino kuti mwana nemakore evechidiki vemunyu vakapfuura.
Vabereki vakachengeta tsika dzechiJudha, asi vakatsvaga kufungidzira. Naizvozvo, ivo vakachinja musangano kune kuratidzwa kwaive Irwin paive nemakore gumi. Iye mukomana aizvikudza midzi yechiJudha, saka akaramba kuchinja surname kusvika apedza kudzidza. Uyezve, Irwin akasimbirira kubata tsika yebhari mitzvah, kunyangwe isina kusiyana pane chinamato chakakosha.
Baba vaBaba vanga vava vakabatwa nekushungurudzika kukuru uye vakatyora. Paakasvika makore gumi nemana, murume wechidiki uyu akashanda mufekitori uye muzvitoro, Irwin naamai vake vakasimuka vakamanikidzwa kuva nemhuri. Iye murume wechidiki akapedza kudzidza kubva kuBrooklyn College uye akagamuchira degree re bachelor. Pazera ramakore makumi maviri nemasere, maratidziro anotanga kunyora zvinyorwa zveRadoshou, semuenzaniso, "Dick Tracy". Ndiwo maitiro ekuita kwavo basa akatanga.
Mabhuku
Muna 1936, kutamba kwekutanga kwaHirvina kuratidzwa kwakanunurwa - "kutengesa pasi rakafa", zano racho rakaitwa muNew York. Basa racho rinotaura nezveboka revarwi vakawira muhondo, vachidzivirira nyika yake. Kubudirira kunonzwika kwekuita kwekuita kwakaunza Irvina kugona kusaina chibvumirano chinobatsira.
Kutenda kune iyi show, iyo nguva pfupi yenguva yakashanda se screenwiter muHollywood. Akaramba achinyora mamiriro ezvinhu, asi proque yakamukwezva zvakanyanya. Munyori wacho akabva angonyatsoona kuti cinema yekutengeserana inopokana nezvake zvishuvo zvezvidzidzo zvake. Zvakangodaro, vakaramba vachinyora mamiriro ezvinhu emuvhi kuti aite basa rakakura rekuverenga.
Mushure meizvozvo, iro basa rekuratidzira rainzi ruri rakatsanangurwa uye pacacifist, asi zano rekuti zvakaipa izvo zvinofanirwa kuve zvinodzivirira kumabhuku ake akatevera uye nyaya.
Munyori paakadzokera kuNew York, nyaya dzake pazvinhu zvemagariro zvakabudiswa mumabhuku ane mukurumbira: "Yorker" nyowani "uye" mesquins ". Muna 1940, akaratidza akanyora nezvezviitiko kuti mafirimu akawanda, yakakurumbira mutambo akava "Guta". Basa racho rakazvipira kune musoro wenyaya yehurumende yakasununguka.
Muhuwandu hweNhau "Vaya vechikepe kubva kuBremen" uye "vanogamuchirwa kuguta redu", nyanzvi dzemagariro uye dzinza rezvinyorwa zveNew York yenguva dzinoratidzwa. Vatorwa vechiJuda vanotsanangurwa nekuona kwakanaka uye kuseka. Aya mabhuku anoratidza musoro wenyaya weanti-simmitism yakaratidza seyakanyanya kunaka yezvakaipa nekusarongeka.
Kana iri nyaya "vagari vemamwe maguta", mazviri, zviito zvaitika muna 1918 muguta reKiev. Basa racho rakanyorwa pachiso chemujaya mudiki wechiJudha. Pashure pomufunheni, anonzwisisa kuti kusika hachisi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo muhupenyu. Muimbi anoramba kuzvininipisa kwaBaba uye anotanga kutsiva tsitsi zvisina tsitsi.
Vatsoropodzi vanogoverwa mumatare ekutanga Irwin vanoratidza chirongwa chehuremu uye stylistic. Iye munyori akanzi munyori ane tarenda echizvarwa chidiki.
Novel wekutanga weIrwin "shumba" dzakabudiswa muna 1949. Izvo zvinoenderana nezvakaitika chaidzo zvakaitika kumunyori mumakore ehondo. Basa racho rakazoita kuti ribudirire uye mune ramangwana rakange rakabatikana. Urongwa hwechirongwa chinokonzeresa chaive chakasiyana kwazvo kubva pakutanga, saka ini handina kufarira basa rekuratidzira.
Iyo yechipiri yeRoma Irvine inonzi "Invarer Eteter", inonyatsotsanangura kukura kweMccarthyism, yakabudiswa muna 1951.
Pashure pokupomera kwenhema mumatengi eCommunist mubhuku renyaya yeKonamocomist "Communist" matsvuku matsvuku ", iro rakatsanangurwa rakanyorwa nemusoro wemakambani efirimu mune nhema nhema yeHollywood. Muna 1951, munyori akasiya United States ndokutamira kuEurope, kwaaigara makore makumi maviri nemashanu. Mukukudza kwerunoratidzira kwakadzika zviitiko zvakati wandei zve cinema uye dzidziso, ivo vakangoerekana vangochinja kuva vanopfuura. Pakati pavo:
"Lucy Kraun" ibhuku kekutanga rakabudiswa muna 1956. Basa racho rinorondedzera mukadzi naamai mune imwecheteyo hunhu. Muzhizha ra 1937, mukadzi aive nemuchina aine murume aive akahaya seshamwari yemwanakomana akasimba toni.
"Vhiki mbiri mune rimwe guta", basa rakanyorwa muna 1960. Iri bhuku rinoita kuti iwe ufunge uye kuongorora hupenyu hwese. Munyori anoratidza kuti nguva yasvika yekuchinja chimwe chinhu uye edza kururamisa kutadza kwakapfuura, asi panguva imwecheteyo kusava nechokwadi kwekusahadzika kuchinja.
"Bogach, murombo", akagadzirwa muna1970, kwasunungurwa chakanyorwa, maererano nevatsoropodzi, kuenderera mberi kwevatsoropodzi, kuenderera "kwemupemhi, mbavha. Zvinoenderana neizvi, bhuku racho muna 1976 rakabviswa kutevedzana, iro rakafanirwa nekubudirira kwakasiyana. Muna 1982, Lithuania Film Studio yeUSSR akadzivirira 'murume mupfumi.'
Irwin Ratidza - Muridzi weakateedzana emubairo uremu uremu. Munyori akagamuchira mibairo maviri o. Henry, iyo inopihwa nyaya yakanakisa. Iyo show yakapihwa mubairo weAcument Acument of Arts uye mabhuku. Akagamuchirawo 3 playboy mabhonasi. Muna 1943, iyo oscar yakatemerwa iyo yakanyanya kugadziriswa mamiriro ezvinhu.
Hupenyu Hwako
Munguva yehondo yenyika yechipiri, muna 1942, munyori akaenda kumberi uye akashanda muuto reAmerica, aive mukuru wechiWorent. Akashanda mune rakaringana, raive nehunhu hwekugadzira hunotaura nezve zviitiko kumberi. Kuratidzira kurwa kwakarwa kuchamhembe kweAfrica uye Europe yaive imwe yeanonunurwa yeParis.
Irwin akaroora munyori wemabasa erudo. Mukadzi wake Maryan Edward akabereka mwanakomana wake muna 1950, akatumidzwa Adhama. Iye mukomana ndiye ega mwana mumhuri, pakanga pasisina vamwe vana kubva kuratidzwa. Pashure paizvozvo, mwanakomana waIrwin akava mutori venhau uye munyori.
Rufu
Mukutanga kwema80s, ratidza raiwanikwa nekenza yeprostate, iyo yaive yakonzera rufu. Musi waMay 16, 1984, akafa muchipatara cheDavos, mushure mekusabatsira kurapwa. Kufa kwemunyori pazera ramakore makumi manomwe nemasere.
Iyo show yaive yakakurumbira: Shanduro yemabhuku emunyori yakapfuura mamirioni gumi nemana. Mabasa ayo anoshandurwa mumitauro makumi maviri neshanu, vazhinji vavo vanonyatsosarudzika. Zvakangodaro, sezvo iyo 50s, kutsoropodzwa kwakabatwa Irwin kunoparidza. Semuenzaniso, L. Fidhler akadana mabhuku ake "hafu-anoita seanoita." Uye chete mushure mekufa kwemunyori, biography uye kugona kwesangano rakatanga kufunda zvakanyanya.
BHAIBHERI
- 1936 - "BASA RAKADZWA Pasi" (Tamba)
- 1937 - Osada (chidimbu)
- 1937 - Brooklyn Idyll (Chikamu)
- 1939 - "Sailor kubva kuBremen" (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- 1941 - "Gamuchirai kuguta redu" (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- 1944 - "Killers" (Tamba)
- 1946 - "chiito chekuvimba" (kuunganidzwa kwenyaya)
- 1949 - "Shumba dzechidiki"
- 1950 - "Vimba, asi tarisa" (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- 1951 - "Ravering Ethera" / "Mhepo yekushambira" (Roman)
- 1956 - Korona yeLucy (Roman)
- 1957 - "Stage pane yakafa Jockey" (Unganidzo yenyaya)
- 1960 - "Vhiki mbiri Mune rimwe guta" (Roman)
- 1965 - "Voice yezuva reZhizha" (Roman)
- 1965 - "Rudo parukova rima" (kuunganidzwa kwenyaya)
- 1970 - "Mupfumi, Pfuzhnayak" (Roman)
- 1973 - "Manheru eByzantium" (Roman)
- 1973 - "Mwari aive pano, asi atoenda" (kuunganidza nyaya)
- 1975 - "Husiku Porter" (Roman)
- 1977 - "Mupemhi, mbavha" (Roman)
- 1978 - "Makumi mashanu emakore" (Mufiridzi wenyaya)
- 1979 - "Hill Pamusoro" (Roman)
- 1981 - "Chingwa Pamusoro pemvura" (Roman)
- 1982 - "Kurasikirwa Kunoreva" (Roman)