Biography
Richard Zorge - Gamba reSoviet Union, Scout. Iye aizivikanwa somunhu akadzidza, akaenzana, anokwanisa chero kutaurirana. Mafirimu anoiswa pamusoro peiyo feat ye zorga, nyora mabhuku. Sechiratidzo chekuremekedza uye ndangariro dzekusingaperi, inonzi migwagwa uye yakavakirwa zvivakwa.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Richard Zorge akaberekwa muna Gumiguru 4, 1896 mumusha weSabchi Baku mudunhu remuGerman weGustav wilhelm Richard Zorge. Baba vaishanda paNobel, kwaakanangana nemuhusiku kugadzirwa. Nina's Amai Stepanovna Kobelev - Nemidzi yeRussia, yakakura mumhuri yemushandi wechitima.
ZORGE yakanyora muBiography yake kuti mhuri yake (kunyanya pamwe chete nemutsara waBaba) vakangwara, vane yakagadzika yekudzokorora. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwa 1848, umo sekuru, vaizungu uye nehama, vakatora chikamu. Kubva pane zvinyorwa zveRichard, zvinozivikanwa kuti mwana akapfuura kuGermany: zvakadzikama, mumhuri yakakura kwazvo.
Zorge akadzidza kuRealschule kuGermany, asi haana kugamuchira dzidzo yechipiri - muna 1914, vanozvipira vakaenda kumberi kwehondo yenyika yekutanga muhondo yeGerman. Akatora chikamu muhondo, kanopfuura kamwe chete akakuvara.
Muna 1917, Richard Zorwe akakuvara, akatambura nekuvhiyiwa muKönigsberg, semhedzisiro yaairamba akaremara (gumbo rimwe herimwe nguva refu, imwe ipfupi). Nekuda kweichi chikonzero chakadzingwa. Munguva yekugara yake muLazareet, Zorge Zvakanyatsochinja Maonero ake paCommunist.
Mukati me1917, Zorge yakakwanisa kutora chitupa chedzidzo yechipiri, uye gare gare diploma pakupera kweyunivhesiti. Friedrich wilhelm muna 1918. Ipapo akapinda muYunivhesiti muKiel, akadzidza pachinhu cheveruzhinji. Uye muHamburg, akasunungurwa pamwe nedhigirii rachiremba weHurumende uye Mutemo, akazotambira degree mune zvehupfumi.
Basa reMauto
Muna 1918, kupanduka kwehutachiona kwakatanga muguta reKorge, kwakatora nzvimbo dzakananga, vakaita maoko ehuwandu. Kana shanduko yakati wandei muBerlin, yakava mutori vengariki mukusagadzikana. Nekuti izvi, zviremera zvakatumira ZHORGE kubva kuguta.
MuHamburg, Richard Zorge Propaganda yakashanda pamwe chete nevatori venhau. Kubvira muna 1920, akazova mupepeti wepepanhau rebato muSolingen. Mukuwedzera, akashanda semutsvaguri paInstitute of of South tsvagure muFrankfurt.
Muna 1924, komiti yekurukurwe kweCommunist yeCommunist yakakodzwa Zorwe kuAmorge kuMoscow, kwaakatanga kushanda muDhipatimendi Reruzivo. Uye zvakare aive mushandi weCentral Bato research Institute.
Panguva imwecheteyo, ZorgE akabudirira semutori wenhau, akasanganiswa nematambudziko edzimhosva dzekudzokorora kufamba muAmerica neGermany. Izvi zvinyorwa zvakaonekwa pamapeji e "hupfumi hwepasi rose uye mutemo wepasi rose", "Bolshevik", "Communist International".
Muna 1929, Richard Zorge akaburitswa neDhipatimendi reVashandi veVashandi veVashandi veVashandi, uko vaive vakuru vake J. K. Barzins uye S. P. P. P. P. P. P. P. P. Uritsky. Muna 1930, mukuru wehungwaru akasvika muShanghai pasi pePseudominom Ramzai Ramzai ndokutanga kufambidzana kunoverengeka. Mumwe wavo - nemisoro yeSludzaki, aishanda semutori venhau muJapan uye akaomerera kuCommunces. MaJapan akazova mumwe wevakakosha vernational ZORGE.
Kusvika muna 1933, Richard akakwanisa kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pezano reMauto eGerman uye fungidziro inonzwisisika kuti munguva pfupi iri munguva pfupi inotevera ichasimbisa nzvimbo yayo mune dzimwe nyika.
MuJapan, Richard Zorge akasvika munaGunyana 1933 Semushandi weVakuru Vakadhindwa German media: "Frankfurt Zeghing", "Teglich Rundshau", "Deutshe Kuwanda". Akakwanisa kuwana emumiriri wechiJapan wezvinhu zvekunze.
Muna 1938, kuda kwenyaya yeI Richard Zorge kwakakwanisa kurarama mutsaona. Aya mamiriro ezvinhu akanganisa nzvimbo yekugara, asi mukuru wehungwaru akakwanisa kuburitsa zvese zvinodiwa max clausen, yaive yava radist-enypter muboka rekungwarira. Richard aive nemapepa emadhora nemadhora. Scout yaive yekuziva nguva yakanyorwa naClausen yakasvika. Uye zvakare, redhiyo redhiyo redhiyo yakatora mapepa ese kubva pamba nekukanganiswa zviri pachena.
Kusvika muna 1941, boka rehungwaru rakaramba riri kuita zviitiko muJapan. Akarongwa kuti abudise nhamba isina kukwana yeruzivo rwakavimbika uye runobatsira, asi izvi hazvina kuitika. Pedyo ne1940, Zorge iye akataura kuti aive akagadzirira kudzoka kubva kuJapan, asi akasarudzwa kuti amugadzirire kugara kwenguva refu ipapo, seRichard ane hukama neimwe nzira.
Muna 1941, ruzivo nezve kurwiswa kunogona kuitika kweGermany kuenda kuRussia kwasvika ZHONGE. Hondo yemutauri yakafanoona pasina kutsanangura zuva chairo. Akakwanisawo kuziva kuti kusvika 1942, hurumende yeJapan haina kutungamira kuhondo nekutaura. Sezvo akaziva nezveizvi, uto reRussia rakagovera mauto nenzira yakadai kuti asimbise kuchengetedzwa kweMoscow. Guta guru rakakwanisa kudzivirira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Richard Zorg aive vakadzi vaviri, vana vehupenyu, huchenjeri harisati hwaenda. Christina Gerlach aive zita rekutanga, Zorge rakarambana naye muna 1926, paakabva kuGermany.
Ndiine mukadzi wechipiri, Maximaya Catherine Zorga akanyorwa zviri pamutemo nehukama muna 1933. Muna 1942, mukadzi akasungwa achionana nevavengi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Catherine aishanda izwi iri muKartsnoyarst ndima, uye vakafa.
Mumuchato zvisina kurongwa, Richard aigara naKhanako Isi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mushure mekuurayiwa kweJapan, kusvika pakupera kwehupenyu hwake, akashanyira guva raZorge, uye rakanyorwa zvakare muhushumiri hwekudzivirira mumukuru wakadhindwa.
Rufu
Kubva muna Gumiguru 1941, nhengo dzepamberi dzakafumurwa, dzinosungwa zvakawanda dzakatanga. Iwogumi nemasere emhedziso akauya Richard Zorge. Mapurisa eJapan akaronga kutsvaga dzimba dzevatori vechikamu vevatariri uye vakawana magwaro anokanganisa, kuti azvitongere kubvunzurudzwa mushure mekubvunzurudzwa kwemateki. Yatove nehwaro hwemashoko akashongedzwa, ZORGE yakapihwa.
Maererano nerimwe redudziro, Richard Zorge haana kuziva mhosva, achitaura nezvekudyidzana neEncheri kweGerman, asi kwete neSoviet Union. Hitler akapa kuti adzorere mutengesi kuGermany. Uye Japan yakabvuma kudzoka zorge kumusha kwake kwevasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika.
Nekudaro, izvi hazvina kuitika, Stalin hazvina kubvumirana nemamiriro ezvinhu eJapan, sezvo asina kufunga nezve dambudziko rekurasikirwa kwenyika yeScout. Pane fungidziro yekuti izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuzivikanwa kweZORGE kune imwe yematare ekubatana neUSSR. Stalin haigoni kukanganwira izvi. Muna 1943, akafunga zviri pamutemo kuti aite Richard zorge. Kwapera gore, muTokyo mutirongo "Suvamo" musi waNovember 7, mutongo waitwa.
Sezvineiwo, kwenguva yakareba hurumende yenyika yakaramba kukodzera kweZorge. Muna 1964 akapiwa musoro wegamba reSoviet Union Postlumously kuonga kuKrushchev. Nhasi, mafirimu asingakanganwiki anowanikwa mukukudza kweiyo yakakurumbira yehungwaru mukuru, mafirimu asingakanganwiki anozvipira. Basa reZorga mumufananidzo wekupedzisira ndewe Alexander Domogarov
Ndangariro
- 1954 - "Kutengeswa kweGerman \ CEAR ZORGE"
- 1961 - "Ndiwe ani, Dr. Zorge?"
- 1985 - "Hondo yeMoscow"
- 2003 - "SPY ZORGE"
- 2009 - "Nyaya yekurarama. Richard Zorge. Mugari Anotenda "
- 2018 - "ZORGE"