Biography
Iye munyori wezvechokwadi, mudetembi uye neveruzhinji ryunca akutagawa - mumwe wevanhu vekutanga veJapan vanomisikidzwa vane mabhuku akatanga kuoneka muChirungu. Akutagawa haana kunyora mabasa makuru, mune maitiro anogona kunzi munhu anoda zvinhu zvakakwana, aigara achireva kutya kwekutya uye kufa. Pasinei nenzvimbo pfupi pfupi, Ryunca akasiya kuoneka kukuru mune nhetembo yenguva yake.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Munyori wenguva yemberi Ryunca Acutawawa akaberekwa munaKurume 1, 1892 muTokyo, zita remukomana rinoreva "dhiragoni". Ryunca paakazvarwa, amai vacho vaive vatochirima makumi matatu, uye ivo Baba kweanopfuura makore makumi mana. Papa mukomana akatengeserana mukaka, aive aine mafuro ake pachavo pane zvekunze zveTokyo.
Panguva iyoyo, vaJapan vaitenda kuti kuberekwa kwemwana muvanhu vaive vatotendeuka makore makumi matatu, vakashata chiratidzo. Naizvozvo, kutevera iyo yekare rite, vabereki vakanyepedzera kunge mukomana. Zvese izvi zvakagadziridzwa chete nekuda kwemashura.
Mwana paaive nemwedzi 9, vabereki vakamupa mukurerwa kwavo mumhuri isina vana yemunun'una waamai - Miteiki Akutagawa, iyo yakabva yabata chinzvimbo cheDhipatimendi reTokyo Offero. Saka mukomana akarasikirwa neinzi Nihara uye akava acutagava.
Mwana akarasikirwa naamai vake mumucheche, ane makore gumi. Akapenga nekuda kwekufa kwemwanasikana wedangwe uye akazviuraya muchipatara chepfungwa. Chirwere nerufu rwaamai vese muhupenyu hwavo hwese vakaramba vachikuvara munyori. Aiwanzotaurirana nezvehurwere hwemweya uye airwara zvakanyanya.
Madzitateguru emhuri idzo mukomana aive nevanyori nemasayendisiti, saka vateveri vakaedza kutevedzera tsika dzechinyakare. Pano aitoda pendi uye nhau dzekare, dzakaona zvakakwana nzira yekare yehupenyu, yakavakirwa kuteerera kusingagumi kuchitsauko cheimba.
Muna 1910, jaya rakapedza kudzidza kubva kuTokyo musiyano wechipiri, aive mumwe wevakapedza kudzidza. Ryunca akasarudza mabhuku eChirungu ekudzidza, kunyoresa mukoreji yekutanga pabazi remabhuku.
Mushure memakore matatu, Acutagawa akapedza kudzidza kukoreji ndokupinda muBritish University yeTokyo. Ryunca neshamwari dzake, vanyori venguva yemberi - masao masao, kikuti hiroshi naYamamoto yuji, vaiziva zvese zvinoyerera zvemabhuku emadokero. Vaiwanzotungamira kukakavara pamusoro pekuti ndeapi mafambiro akawanda ese anoenderana nezvikumbiro zvemazuva avo. Makirasi kuUniversity anogumbuka munyori weLovice: Pakutanga, hurukuro dzaiita senge isingadiire, uye gare gare akaodza mwoyo uye akarega kuvashanyira zvachose.
Mabhuku
Munguva pfupi iri kutevera Ryunche neshamwari dzakafadzwa nenyaya yemagazini yematadzo. Bhuku racho rakaomerera kunzvimbo dzekutsoropodzwa kwechikoro chechisikirwo, vamiririri vayo vanonzi "anti-echbooksists". Vakawedzera kubva mukukosha kwemabhuku ehunyanzvi, varairira kodzero yekuziva ngano uye nenyaya yemaune.
Uyezve, ivo vakada kushomeka kwekunyora uye vaokoshesa zvikuru kuratidza kwechifananidzo, mhere yemutauro. Akutagawa uye vanhu vake vane pfungwa dzakafanana vaiva nzira yekugadzira yakazivisa neoRoalism. Nhau Dombo "yekare" rakabudiswa mubhuku ravo muna 1914, kugona kwemunyori kwakanyorwa pakutanga. Kuzivikanwa kwaA19UThagava kwakaunza nyaya dzinobva kuupenyu hwenyika yeJapan "," mhino "uye" hupfu hwegehena ".
Muhudiki, vanyori veJapan vevanyori veMaizi uye bhuku reEuropean Europe vakave nesimba rakasimba pane ryunca. Mudetembi ainzwisiswa chaizvo muRussia mabhuku. Nyaya Nikolai Gogol "Shinel" akafuridzira Ryunca kuumba nyaya "Batach Porridge", uye mutambo wenyika Anton Chekhov "Cherry Sad" akafemerwa kunyora nyaya "Garden". Kana iri basa reWaldsp, rakanyorwa muna 1921, mavara makuru mukati mayo aive shumba tolstoy and ivan turgenev.
Vazhinji vatsoropodzi vanosanganisira kubuda kweiyi nhoroondo panguva iyo Ryunche akaora mwoyo nekuda kwerudo runotyisa. Akatsvaga kupemberera kupinda munyika isina kujairika, ichibva pane chokwadi.
Anokurudzira uye anopa zano mumunyori Ayakawa aikurukurirana Natsuma Soseks, uyo waakasangana naye achidzidza kuyunivhesiti. Manove wekutanga ekutanga aifarira vatenzi, uye panguva iyoyo aionekwa seimwe yenyanzvi dzakanakisa dzeChirungu mabhuku ekutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20. Zvinangwa zveNatuma zveNatuma zvakasikwa mumabasa aAduthagaba: Nzvimbo yetsika yeiyo magamba, nyaya yehukuru sedambudziko renzanga yakazara, pamwe ne "nyika egoism yeJapan".
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuYunivhesiti yeAkutagawa, akagamuchira posvo yemudzidzisi weChirungu muchikoro chevasango. Makore aya, ryunca achanyora mumabellecer nezveMudzidzisi Wasukiti - Munhu akatendeseka, asi akasarudzika anogara achiwira mumamiriro ezvinhu anoda kuziva. Kwemwedzi miviri yekudzidzisa, vanenge makumi maviri ekuunganidza kweAphhorisms, makotesheni uye zvinyorwa zvakasikwa. Mazviri, munyori akataura nezvake:
"Handina hana. Ini ndinongova nerve. "Pakati peino nguva, anonyora nezvekuchena kwemukati uye munhu anofara wemunhu. Zvakare zvinokanganisa musoro wekusaziva kwekutenda kusingaone, izvo zvinoratidzwa munhoroondo yakanzi "Madonna mune dema".
Muna 1919, munyori akatanga kushanda muOsaka Minity bepanhau. Semunyori anokosha, ryunche akatumirwa kwemwedzi mina kusvika kuChina. Kuwana ikoko, zvakarwadza munyori: Akadzokera kune vakaneta, vese vanotambura nekushaya hope uye kusagadzikana kwekutya.
Mushure mekuburitswa kwenyaya "kazhinji", nzira yekugadzira yekunyora munyori zvakachinja zvachose. Iwo misoro yemabasa ave kuwanda mazuva ese, uye maitiro anofumiswa uye anonzwisisika.
Hupenyu Hwako
PaRiyunca University yakaita zano remaoko nemwoyo mazai aJoshid, asi baba vanogamuchira vaipesana nemubatanidzwa uyu. Iye munyori akamuteerera, saka hupenyu hwomunhu oga hweAragago hwakabatana nemumwe mukadzi. Muna Kurume 1919, Ryunca naFumi Tsukamo vakapinda muwanano yepamutemo.
Vaviri vacho vaive nevanakomana vatatu: Mwana wekutanga Hiroshi mwana ari munaKurume 30, 1920, zuva rekuzvarwa kwemwana wechipiri Takathi - Mbudzi 8, 1922, uye mwana wechitatu weYakusi akaberekwa muna Chikunguru 12, 1925. Mune ramangwana, Yakusi akava mutungamiriri, uye Hiroshi mutambi anozivikanwa. Kana ari Takashi, iye waiva mudzidzi, asi jaya rakadanwa rwehondo. Iye murume akarwa kuMyanmar, kwaakafira muna 1945.
Mukadzi wemunyori akafa musi waSeptember 11, 1968 nekuda kwekunyepedzera kwemadhacardial.
Rufu
Muchigadzirwa che autobiological che "Gear mavhiri", munyori akarondedzera kufungidzira kwake. Mumakore achangopfuura ehupenyu, Acagova aive nemifungo inoona kuzviuraya, akawana chirevo mumabasa e "hupenyu hwehukuru" uye "tsamba ine shamwari yekare." Mushure mekuratidzira kwakasimba maererano nenzira nenzvimbo yerufu, musi waChikunguru 24, 1927, Ryunca Akutagawa akazvipira naye, kutora dhihweya reVereneal, rinopindirana nehupenyu.
Izvi zvisati zvaitika, iye, asingabviri, akashanda padhesiki, kunyange husiku hwaJuly 23 kusvika kuhwindo reChikunguru Rufu rwemunyori rwakashamisa shamwari nevazivikanwi, asi hazvina kushamisika, nekuti Ryunika aigara achitaura nekuzviuraya.
Zvakangodaro, chikonzero cheizvi chiitiko chakaramba chisingazivikanwe, vamwe vanotaura nezve kushushikana zvisina kujairika pamusoro pemunyori. Zvichida izvi zvinokonzerwa nendangariro dzinorwadza dzekufa kwaamai kana neunyanzvi uye tendero. Akutgawa akadzokorora akataura kuti aigara achiona mapatya ake mumigwagwa.
Muna 1935, shamwari yemunyori, munyori uye muparidzi Kikuta kan akaisa mubairo wezvekuverenga zita mushure me ryunca akutawa. Kamwe pagore akapiwa neyekunyura kwevechidiki kuverenga. Uyezve, muna 2016, Anime akateedzana "makuru emapini akasarudzika" akabviswa, mune ryunca akutagawa yakava prototype yehunhu hukuru. Mufananidzo wegamba unogona kuoneka paInternet.
BHAIBHERI
- 1914 - "Chembere"
- 1915 - "Gedhi reRasloon"
- 1916 - "mhino"
- 1916 - Batata Porridge
- 1916 - "Nasal Handkechief"
- 1916 - "Fodya naDhiyabhorosi"
- 1917 - "Jam risingaperi"
- 1917 - "Kufungidzira Kuwanda"
- 1917 - "Mufaro"
- 1917 - "Kupamba"
- 1918 - "Paupinka"
- 1918 - "Helo Rekusurukirwa"
- 1918 - "Rufu rwechiKristu"
- 1919 - "Imbwa uye muridzo"
- 1919 - "Hupenyu hweStrustoHoro"
- 1919 - "Zvishamiso zveMashiripiti"
- 1919 - "Mandarins"
- 1920 - "Autumn"
- 1920 - "Nanjing Kristu"
- 1920 - "Mwari waAigni"
- 1921 - "Mukuwanda Kazhinji"
- 1922 - "General"
- 1922 - "Trolley"
- 1922 - "Musika wehove"
- 1922 - Baryshnya Rokuniami
- 1923-1827 - "mazwi ePagmy"
- 1923 - "Hondo yeMhungu ine Crab"
- 1925 - "Hafu yeHupenyu hwaDzidi Khidodi"
- 1926 - "Testamende"
- 1927 - "Munyika yemvura"
- 1927 - "Mawiricheya Anodzivirira"
- 1927 - "Hupenyu hweIDOT"
- 1927 - "Vanhu Vokumavirira"