Biography
Kuzivikanwa kuHurumende Level Kudzidzisa Jalill's Moss Mushure mekufa. Mudetembi anopomerwa mhosva yekufungidzira kudetembi nekukodzera nekuda kweiyo isina hanya vateveri venguva yake. Nekufamba kwenguva, nguva yakatendeuka yakauya, uye musoro wegamba reSoviet Union. Asi chivakwa chaicho kune iyo isiri yerelrud patriot, kuwedzera pakudzoka kwezita rakatendeseka, rave kusarudzika kusingaperi muhaka yekugadzira. Mushure memakore, isu tinowana kukurumidza kweshoko pamusoro petambo, nezveshamwari, nezverudo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Kudada kweTatar vanhu Musa Jalil akaberekwa munaFebruary 1906. Rahima naGeafa wemupata vakarererwa vana 6. Mhuri yaigara mumusha weOrenburg, mukutsvaga chikamu chakanakisa chakaenda kunzvimbo yepurovhini. Ikoko, amai vacho, vaiva mwanasikana wake mullah pachedu, vakatora muMuslim kuchikoro mumweya-Madrasa "Husini". Pasi pehurumende yeSoviet, iyo Tatar Institute yedzidzo yenyika yakawedzera kubva pachinzvimbo chechitendero.
Kuda nhetembo, chishuwo chekuratidzira zvakanaka pfungwa zvakapihwa kuna Jalil nziyo dzevanhu, zvakaitwa naamai, uye ngano dzinoverengera ambuya usiku. Kuchikoro, kuwedzera pane zvebhaibheri zvinhu, mabhuku ezvekunyika, kuimba uye kudhirowa zvakabudirira. Nekudaro, chitendero chaisave kufarira murume uyu - Musa akazotambira ufakazi hwechinongedzo pane chakasarudzika pa pedagogical institute.
Wechidiki Musa akazadza huwandu hwemagari veKomsomol, vana vane rudo vakadzika kwazvo kuti vapinde mumitsara yesangano rapiyona. Imwe yenzira yekutenda ndiyo yaive yekutanga nzira dzekunyepedzera. MuMusha weNyika, mudetano wereafino akagadzira mitezo yeKomsomol akasika, mitezo yaro yakarwira nevavengi vekuchinja. Activist Zalilov akasarudzwa kuBureau yeChikamu cheTatar-Bashkir chikamu cheDare repakati reVLKSM, iyo nhume yeAse-Union Komsomol Congress.
Muna 1927, Musa Wakatora Moscow State University, pane bazi rekunyora reiyo yeti yeti yetsika (yemberi Phillaf). Maererano neMumelor yeMuvakidzani paHostel Varlamov, Jalil kuYunivhesiti yakawana zvido uye kuda kwevamwe nenyika yavo. Kwete chete ndiMasa - Iyo Heroic Komsomolets, saka iye zvakare Tatar, uyo anodzidza kuyunivhesiti yeRussia, anonyora nhetembo dzakanaka, anovaverenga mumutauro wavo.
MuMoscow, Jalil akashanda muvakavara eTatar mapepanhau nemagazini, uye muna 1935 akabvuma kukokwa kuimba yeKazan yakavhurika yeKazan yairaira musoro wake. MuKazan, mudetembi ane musoro wake akabata basa, akanhonga vatambi, akanyora zvinyorwa, libretto, ongororo. Mukuwedzera, akashandurira mumabasa eTatar eRussia Classics. Musa anova mutevedzeri wekanzuru yeguta uye sachigaro wevanyori ve tataria.
Mabhuku
Nhetembo dzekutanga dzehombodo diki dzakatanga kushambadzira mupepanhau remunharaunda. Pamberi pekutanga kwehondo huru yemuchato, maunganidzwa gumi gumi akabuda. Wokutanga "toenda" - muna 1925 muKazan, mushure memakore mana - mumwe, "vanomanikidza". Musa Haana Kutungamira chete, sezvavangadai akati, basa rebato, asi rakakwanisa kunyora mitambo yevana, nziyo, nhetembo, zvinyorwa zvenhau.
Pakutanga, mune zvinyorwa, mushandirapamwe, mushandirapamwe kana maximalism zvakabatanidzwa nekuratidzwa uye Pathos, methositiority uye kokorodzano dzemabhuku ezvekumabvazuva. Gare gare, Jalil akasarudza tsananguro dzechokwadi neyecherechedzo yemucherechedzo.
Mukurumbira waJaleil wakashatirwa uchidzidza muMoscow. Kusikwa kwaMusa kwakada chaizvo vake vaanodzidza navo, verenga nhetembo dzevadzidzi. Tarenda diki nekufara kunogamuchirwa musangano reMetropolitan revanyanyiri vanyori. Jalil akaziviswa naAlexander Zharov naMikhail Svetlov, vakawana kutaurirana kweVladimir Mayakovsky.
Muna 1934, akaona mwenje wekuunganidzwa paKomomol Topics ", uye shure kwake," nhetembo uye nhetembo. " Mabasa ema1930s airatidza nhetembo ine pfungwa, kwete muzivi uzivi uye anokwanisa kushandisa pepa rose remutauro unoratidzwa.
Kune iyo opera "zolotooolopar ', kutaura nezve rudzi rwedzinza reBulgaria, iyo isina kukunda mainters, mudetembi akagadziriswa muLibreto Epic" Jick Unicgen ", ngano uye ngano dzevanhu ve tatar. Iyo yekutanga yakaitika mavhiki maviri isati yatanga nehondo, uye muna 2011, iyo Tatar Theatre Opera uye Ballet, nenzira, uyo akaunza zita remunyori, akadzokera kune rake.
Sekunyora kweNazib Zhiganov akaudza mutungamiriri, akabvunza Jalil kuti aderedze nhetembo, semitemo yeDramaTurgy yakabvunzwa. Musa akaramba takarambwa, taura kuti haadi kubvisa tambo yakanyorwa ne "ropa remwoyo." Musoro wenyaya yeChinyorwa chandinorangarira kushamwari semunhu haasaruki, anofarira uye ainetseka neTatar Musical tsika.
Shamwari dzepedyo dzakataura kuti mutauro une ruvara urondedzere kuita nhetembo dzakataurwa nenyaya dzinonakidza dzakaitika kwaari, wozoverenga mukambani. Jalil akatungamira zvinyorwa mumutauro weTatar, asi mushure mekufa kwake, bhuku retsamba rakanyangarika pasina trace.
MuBunches yeHitler, Musa Jalil akanyora mazana enhetembo, 115 yavo yakasvika kuvazukuru. Iyo vertex yetemberi yekusikwa ndiyo kutenderera "Moabhu yengodhi yeChioni".
Izvi ndizvo zviviri zvinyorwa zviviri zvekuchenjera zvakachengetedzwa zvinoshamisa zvakaendeswa kune zviremera zveSoviet of the nhetembo pamisasa "yeMoabhu" uye "pletenza". Sekureva kweruzivo rusina kushatiswa, zvimwe zviviri, nenzira isingazivikanwe mumaoko emugari weTurkey, vaive muNKVD uye vakanyangarika.
Pamberi pokumberi uye mumisasa, Musa wakanyora nezvehondo, nezvekungwara, iye akapupurira kwazvo, nezvekushungurudza mamiriro ezvinhu uye nehondo yesimbi. Vakazova nhetembo "Ngowani", "Ruva Rina", "Azimuth". Kunyatsotsanangura mitsara yekuboora iyo yakatyora nhetembo dzekunzwa "dzaive kutyaira vanaamai nevana ..." kubva ku "barbarm".
Inowanikwa mumamiriro emweya weJalil uye mazwi, kudanana uye kuseka, "rudo uye hanzvadzi yemhanza" uye "Sista" uye yakazvitsaurira mukadzi wake "Farewell, akangwara".
Hupenyu Hwako
Musa Jalil akaroora kwete kamwe. Mukadzi wekutanga weRauza akapa mwanakomana wenhetembi yaAlbert. Akava mukuru wemunhu, akashanda kuGermany, hupenyu hwake hwese hwakachengeta bhuku rekutanga raBaba vake neAutograph. Albert akabereka vanakomana vaviri, asi hapana chinozivikanwa nezve fate yavo.
Mumuchato wehurumende naZakyui Sadykova, Musa wakaberekerwa naRucius. Mwanasikana akapedza kudzidza kubva kuDhipatimendi rekutakura reChikoro cheMimhanzi uye Moscow Institute of Cinematography, akararama uye akadzidziswa muKazan.
Mukadzi wechitatu wenhetetesi akanzi Amina. Kunyangwe iyo network yakagoverwa ruzivo iyo, maererano nezvinyorwa, mukadzi wacho anga asiri kuAnna prrovna, angave Errantantinovna. Mukunda waAmina naMasus Chulp Valilov vaigara muMoscow, vakashanda semupepeti mumuparidzi zvekuverenga. Muzukuru wake Mikhail, vane tarenda violinist, vanopfeka Dual Surname yeMitrofanov-Jalil.
Rufu
MuBiography of Jalil, kwaizove pasina kumberi nemapepa emusasa kana mudetembi asina kuramba nhumbi dzokurwa nadzo dzakamupa muuto muhondo. Musa akauya kukwechi yekunyora pazuva repiri mushure mekutanga kwehondo, akagamuchira kutungamirirwa kuWentalkw, akashanda seuto remauto. Muna 1942, vachisiya nzvimbo dzakapoteredza neboka revarwi, Jalil akakuvara uye akabata.
Mumusasa wevasungwa pasi peguta rePoland, Romu muma akabatana neyekubvumirana "idendel-ural". VaNazi vakaunganidzwa muzvikamu zvevamiriri vakadzidza zvakanyanya zvevasina-masimbi ndudzi kuitira kuti vagadzire vatsigiri uye vanogovera pfungwa dzeFascist.
Jalil, uchishandisa rusununguko rwemurume wekufamba, zvakaudzwa zviitiko zvinopindirana mumusasa. Vashandi pasi pevavandudzani vaigadzirira kupukunyuka, asi mumapoka avo vakawana mutengesi. Mudetembi uye nevanoshamwaridzana nevazhinji vakaurayiwa pamusoro peiyo Guillotine.
Kutora chikamu muVermhttack Division kwakapa chikonzero chekufunga nezvaJalil's Musal, mutengesi wevanhu vanodzvinyirira. Chete mushure mekufa kweStalin, nekuda kwekuedza kweKonsntin Simonov uye musainzi weTatar, Gazi Kashchef akatendeukira chokwadi nezvechirume uye panguva imwe chete iyo makore mazhinji ehupenyu hwehurumende.
BHAIBHERI
- 1925 - "Tinoenda"
- 1929 - "Kubata"
- 1934 - "Ordenon Million"
- 1955 - "Rwiyo Rwiyo"
- 1957 - "MOMoita Akarobhoti"
- 1964 - "Musa Jalil. Favorites Lyrics »
- 1979 - "Musa Jalil. Zvinosarudzwa Zvemabasa »
- 1981 - "Red Chamomile"
- 1985 - "Nightingale uye Chitubu"
- 2014 - "Musa Jalil. Favorites "
Quotes
Ndinoziva: nehupenyu uye hope dzichabva.
Asi nekukunda uye mufaro
Anotenderera munyika yangu,
Kuchengeta zero. Hapana munhu anotongwa!
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Isu tichakudza zvachose zita rake riri zita ana mai.
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Isu tiri vechidiki kwatiri tirayiridzo: "Tarisa!"
Uye isu tinotakura nesu sedutu.
Hakuna makumbo evanhu akavezwa migwagwa,
Uye manzwiro uye zvishuwo zvevanhu.
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Chii chiripo kuti ushamiswe, chiremba akanaka?
Inobatsira hutano hwedu
Akanakisa mushonga mushonga,
Zvinonzi rudo.