Biography
Biography yeJoar Dudhayev yakazadzwa zvakanyanya nezviitiko, uye zvirevo nezvirevo zvevarume zvichirangarira. Hunhu hwemutungamiri hunopesana, ndega hunonzi gamba rake, uye vamwe - gandanga.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Johar Musavich Dudayev akaberekerwa mumusha weYalhorea Galancheogo Dunhu, iyo USSR, nhasi - nzvimbo yakasiiwa. Iye mukomana aive mwana wechigumi nematatu we Musa naRabilati Dudiev. Johar aive nehama 3 nehanzvadzi nhatu, pamwe chete nehama dza 4 ne21 hanzvadzi dzaive vana vaBaba kubva kumuchato wapfuura. Baba vemukomana vaive veterinarian.
Zuva chairo rekuzvarwa raJohara hazvizivikanwe, nekuti munguva yekudzingwa zvinyorwa zvese zvakarasika, uye nekuda kwehuwandu hwevana, vabereki vakatadza kuyeuka misi yese. Maererano nerimwe vhezheni, Joar akaoneka munaFebruary 15, 1944, asi mamwe masosi anoratidza kuti aigona kuberekwa muna 1943.
Mushure memazuva masere mushure mekuzvarwa kwemukomana, mhuri yeDudayev yakadzoserwa kunzvimbo yePavlodar yeKazakh SSR panguva yekugara patsva yeChechens uye Insush.
Rufu rwaBaba vake rwaive nesimba rakasimba pakuzivikanwa kwemukomana ane makore matanhatu. Mukoma nehanzvadzi dzaJohari vakadzidza zvakaipa uye vaiwanzotambudza chikoro, uye mukomana akaedza kudzidza uye kunyange kusarudzwa kirasi yechinyakare. Mushure mechinguva chidiki, mhuri yeDudaya inotakurwa kuenda kuCIMKENT (Zvino heymkent), kwaiita Johohar prode negumi nematanhatu.
Uye muna 1957, mhuri yakadzokera kunyika yekwaakaberekerwa uye yagara kugono. Pashure pemakore maviri, akapedza chikoro chesekondari Nhamba 45, uye mushure mekunge mageti atanga kushanda muna SMU-5. Johar panguva imwe chete yakadzidza mugiredhi rechigumi regiredhi rechikoro chemanheru 55, raakapedza kudzidza mugore.
Muna 1960 akapinda mune fekitori yeFizmanate yeNorth-Ossetian Pediatric Institute. Ndapedza kudzidza kubva ku1 kosi muchivande, ndakaenda kuHambov, kwaakanzvera nzira yekudzidziswa pane yekudzidziswa kweprofiles uye ndapinda muTambov kwawit zita rakatumidzwa zita rekuti M. M. Obokova. Nekuda kwekuti chechens zvaive zvisina kuenzana nevavengi, pavanenge vachipinda nzvimbo yekudzidzisa, Dzzikh akasiya kuti aive Ossetian. Asi, kugamuchira diploma ine kukudzwa, Dudaev akasimbirira kuti nyika ino yakanyorwa mune yake pachako nyaya.
Basa
Johar Dudaev akashanda pane iyo Command Posts of UcM system zvikamu kubvira 1962. Pakupera kwechikoro muna 1966, Johara akatumirwa kuCalga Dunhu reKaluga Dunhu paAerodrion, uko murume akatora basa remutungamiriri wechikepe chechirume.
Muna 1968 akabatana neboka reCommunist, uye muna 1971 akapinda murairo weYU. A. Gagarin Air Force Academy, achipedza chinzvimbo chedzidzo muna 1974. Mukufanana nekudzidza kubvira 1979, akashanda muna 1225 inorema kuremerwa mabvi. Iko mune ramangwana kunotora chinzvimbo pakutanga kwemutevedzeri wemutevedzeri wemusoro, mushure memusoro wedzimba, mukuru weboka racho uye akazotevera - mutungamiriri weboka.
Muna 1982, akagadzwa musoro wedzimbahwe, uye kubva 1985 kusvika 1985 kusvika 1989 zvakaendeswa kunzvimbo imwechete muPoltava (Ukraine). Maererano nezvinobvira pamwe nevamwe vaJofa aive mupfungwa, asi panguva imwe chete iyoyo akatendeseka uye akagwinya. Ipapo murume akanga akagutsa kukwenenzvera
Muna 1988, kubuda kwekurwa kwakaitwa kumadokero kweAfghanistan munzvimbo yebhodhi. Akaunza maitiro ehunyanzvi hwekubheja mabhomba ezvipikisi zveanopikisa. Asi Johari akaramba chokwadi chekutora chikamu mune hondo kubva kuIslamist. Musoro weMajor General Johara wakapihwa muna 1989.
Mushure meizvi zviitiko muVilnius Dudhayev akataura nezve radio yeEstonia nechirevo. Akacherekedza kuti kana mauto eSoviet akaendeswa kuEstonia, aisazopotsa achishandisa Airspace.
Sezvo Garina Starvoitov anoverengeka, munaJanuary 1991, apo Yeltsin akashanyira Tallinn, Johari akamupa nemota yake. Paari, Boris Yeltsin akadzokera kuLeningrad.
Musi waGumiguru 2791, Johar Dudhayev akasarudzwa nemutungamiri weChenite Rechen Thukuria. Kunyangwe nekuwana iyi post murume akaramba achionekwa mune veruzhinji mune yunifomu yemauto.
Chiratidzo chekutanga cheDudhayev chaive chiziviso chekusununguka kubva kuRussia Federation, iyo haina kuzivikanwa neSimba rekunze uye Simba reRussia. MunaNovember wegore rimwe chete, chiremba wenyika wenyika akasikwa, uye pakati paDecember, iyo chombo chemahara chinotenderwa.
MunaKurume gore rinouya, Bumbiro reCzech Republic rakatorwa, umo nyika yakaziviswa yakazvimiririra. MunaApril 1993, danho rakananga remutungamiri uye nguva yekudzoka yakaunzwa muChechnya.
WACHE Hondo
Zvichienderana nechirevo chemutungamiri wenyika yeRussia Boris yeltsin musi waDecember 11, 1994, mauto eRussia akapinda mudunhu reKuchina. Saka hondo yekutanga chechen yakatanga.
Yakavakirwa pane zveRussia zvinyorwa, pasi pezvimwe zvinhu, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, pakanga paine varwi vane zviuru gumi nezvishanu, makumi matanhatu ematani, 66 BT, pamwe ne40 anti-ndege. Kubva panguva yekupi - 260 ndege dzekudzidzisa, uye kukwidziridzwa kweFSB kwakaperekedzwa zvakakomba.
Pakutanga kwa1995, mushure mehondo dzinotyisa dzeropa, uto reRussia rakasimbisa kutonga pamusoro peguta reGrozny uye rakaramba richitamira kumaodzanyemba kweRepublic. Dudayev akavanzwa mumakomo, nguva dzose achinja nzvimbo yacho.
Hupenyu Hwako
Panguva iyo Joari Dudaev akasangana neAleutina (Allah) Fedorovna Kulikova, aive anoreva nhema emagetsi. Kuzivana kwakaitika muKaluga Dunhu, muMauto eShiikovka.
Muna 1969, Jofa akaroora Alevtine, vana vatatu vakaberekerwa mumhuri: vanakomana vaviri - Avurba, zuva rekuzvarwa muna Zvita 24, 1969, uye Deg - rakaonekwa musi waMay 25, 1983, pamwe nemwanasikana waDanan, akaberekerwa muna 1973. Maererano negore ra2008, Johara ane vazukuru 5.
Mukadzi akapatsanura gararwa neJohari uye akapfuura naiye nzira yose: Kubva kuna Lifedenant kusvika kuGeneral. Pasinei nematambudziko ese, muhupenyu hweAlla Dudayev aigara akatsigira murume wake, ave naye kusvikira nguva yakanyanya kuderera.
Rufu
Kubva pakutanga kwehondo yekutanga cheki paDudhayev yakavhima mabasa akakosha eRussia. Matatu kuedza pahupenyu hweDudhayev kwapera mukukundikana. Kuedza kwekutanga kwakaita sniper, asi akapotsa. Kuedza kwechipiri kuuraya kwakaitika muna Chivabvu 24, 1994, zvakasarudzwa kuputika mota yaJohara. Asi zvadaro "Mercedes", pane iyo Dudaev yaityaira, yakadonhedza mita mashoma uye yakatendeuka. Kana murume kana varindi vake vakakuvara.
Chimwe kechipiri kuyedza kuparadza imba yemutungamiri ne mhizha. Chivako chakaiswa nhepfenyuro. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti Dudaev aigara achizivikanwa nezvemhuka diki: Akabuda mumba nekudzivirirwa kose kwemaminitsi mashanu pasati nyaya yeaini yeaini.
Musi waApril 21, 1996, iyo Sentur Steal Services yakaona chiratidzo kubva kuRudhayev Satellite runhare mumusha weGehi-Change 30 Km kubva kuGrozny. Panyaya iyi, iyo su-25 kurwisa ndege inosimudzwa mumhepo nemakwenzi ekuzvishongedza.
Zvichida, Dudhayev akaparadza rokero kurova, zvakaitika zvakananga panguva yekufona parunhare neiyo State Duma Mutevedzeri naKonstantin Borov. Borvo pachake haana chokwadi chekuti Dudayev akabviswa panguva yekukurukurirana. Zvinoenderana neruzivo rweumwe neumwe, Johari aizozotaura nemumiriri weMorocco Hasan II. Murume wake anonzi mukana wekuti anyaradzi ari munyoreri mukutaurirana pamwe ne kremlin.
Mushure meichiitiko ichi pakanga paine runyerekupe rwakawanda rwekuti Johar Dudaever. Vamwe vezvematongerwo enyika vakati murume wacho akavanda muIstanbul. Asi mapuranga akanyorwa muna Kubvumbi 23, 1996 ndiyo nguva yekupedzisira mune iyi nyaya. Vatori venhau "kumadokero" vari pakutanga kwa2000 vakaratidza pachena mufananidzo weruzhinji, makanga mune vakafa vakapiswa Dudaev.
Mune imwe yekubvunzurudzwa, Ramzan Kadyrov akabvuma kuti aida uye airemekedza Johahar Dudhayev. Vanhu vakatsigira zvakanyanya mutungamiri, kana zvisina kudaro vanhu vaisamutevera.
Johar Dudaev akagamuchira mibairo yakati wandei: 2 mairairo uye menduru mina.
Nzvimbo ruzivo Dudayev guva hazvizivikanwe.
Ndangariro
- Bhodhi reChirangaridzo yekutanga yeJohahar Dudayev yakavhurwa musi waChikunguru 20, 1997 muTartu (Estonia) pamadziro eBarclay Hoteli. Runyoro pariri runoti: "Mutungamiri wekutanga wechechen Republic of ICHEL, General Johar Dudaev, aishanda mumba muno muna 1987-1991.
- Musi waSeptember 20, 2007, bhodhi rakavhurwa muPoltava pamba nhamba 6 paNikitchenko mumugwagwa.
- Satident Dudayev muVilnius - munaSeptember 1998, yakatumidza zita raJofa Dudayev, uyo ari muVilnius Mikroyon Zhevorinas, chiuno chebwe chakavhurwa. Iyo yakagogodzwa kunze nekucherwa kwetemberi yeSigiitas Gady, yakatsaurirwa kuDudaev.
Runyoro paLithuanian anoti:
"Ah! Kana isu tichinaya muzana inotevera, uye, kumisa kuCaucasus yakakwirira, tarisa-tarisa: Usakanganwa kuti kune varume vakasimudza vanhu uye kusununguka kweVatsvene vanofunga "(shanduro)- 1992 - zvinyorwa "Duki".
- 2017 - zvinyorwa zvegwaro "zvekunyepedzera".
- 2003 - Bhuku "Rinotanga Rekutanga: Johar Dudaev", na Alla Dudaev.
- Battalion yakatumidzwa zita raJohahar Dudaev.