Biography
Munyori weRussia ane mukurumbira Alexander Green akaunza akawanda akasiyana mabasa muakamuri yekuverenga. Nekudaro, vazhinji vevazhinji vevazhinji vanobatanidza zita remunhu uyu ane tarenda, hupenyu hwacho hwakazadzwa nezvinhu zvinonakidza, nehasha "mutserendende" mutsvuku ", iyo inotaura nezvenhoroondo yemusikana nezita reSool. Heroine huru yebhuku raisasangana nemudiwa wake Arthur Grahaya, uye zano iri pamusoro pekutenda kusingazununguki uye kurota kwechokwadi kwakarwiswa kwemabasa eCinemato vevatungamiriri vakakurumbira.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Alexander Grinevsky (zita chairo remunyori) rakazvarwa 11 (23) Nyamavhuvhu 1880. Kuva nehudiki hwesasha hwakaitwa muguta reSlobdy, riripo munzvimbo yeKirov. Green yakakura uye yakarererwa mumhuri isiri kushanda isingaravirire, iyo yakanga isiri yerudzi rwenyore.
Baba vake Stefan Grinevsky, danda neNyika, ndezveMauto chikamu cheShutter. Stephanhana paAntehana (Stepan Evseevich raimudaidza) aive nemakore makumi maviri, akazova nhengo yemhirizhonga yekupembera, iyo yakaitika muna 1863.
Nekuti matura okusungiswa panyika yekare yeiyo Oldths, iyo yakatamira kuHurumende yeRussia, grinevsky isingagumi yakadzingwa kuKorlvan yeTommsk Province. Muna 1868, jaya racho raibvumidzwa kugara muVyatka Province.
Muna 1873, Grinevsky akaita chirevo cheruoko rwake nemwoyo iyo Anna Ladkaya, akashanda semukoti. Matangwe Alexander akaberekwa kubva kumukadzi mushure memakore manomwe ekugara pamwe chete. Gare gare, Grinevian yakaonekwa vamwe vana vatatu: mukomana nevasikana vaviri. Vabereki vakamusimudza zvakasvibirira zvisingaite. Dzimwe nguva munyori weramangwana akadururwa, uye mune dzimwe nguva kwaive kwakarangwa zvakanyatso kurangwa kana kuti akakanda asina hanya zvachose.
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti rudo rwaAlexander rwakaonekwa pazera rekutanga. Mwana paaive nemakore matanhatu, akadzidza kuverenga: Panzvimbo yekutamba nevezera iri mumhepo nyowani, mukomana akashevedzera mabhuku ekutevera. Vokutanga kuverenga kwebasa reSasha vakava tetralogy of Jonathan Swift "Gulliera", iyo inotaura kuti vamwe Remueri sei munyika yeLiliput.
Uye zvakare, vadiki green nyaya nyaya pamusoro pekutya vasingatyi vanofamba nepakati pemvura yenyika. Naizvozvo, hazvishamise kuti imatanist mudiki akatsvaga kudzokorora hupenyu hwemagamba ezvinyorwa: akarota kuenda kugungwa, Sasha akaita kuedza kutiza kubva mumba.
Muna 1889, mukomana ane makore mapfumbamwe okukura akapiwa kirasi yekugadzirira yechikoro chaicho. Nenzira, mumwe waanodzidza navo akapa Sasha zita rekuti "Green". Zvinokosha kuziva kuti munyori wemabasa anga asiri mwana anoteerera: Grinevsky, pane kudaro, akanunura dambudziko kuvadzidzisi vaiona kuti maitiro ake aive "akaipa kupfuura vamwe vese." Nekudaro, Green akakwanisa kupera kirasi yekugadzirira uye enda kunzvimbo iri pamusoro.
Nekudaro, kuva wechipiri-grader, mwanakomana waPolish Shkhatich akasiyiwa chikoro. Chokwadi ndechekuti Sasha, uyo akarangarira nehunhu husina zororo, akasarudza kuratidza tarenda rake uye akanyora nhetembo pamusoro pevadzidzisi.
Chokwadi, basa iri rakanga risiri rimwe muLomonosov maitiro: Iyo yaive nekrisimasi renhau uye yaionekwa seinogumbura kwazvo. Asi muna 1892, Grinevsky akakwanisa kudzokera kunodzidza: Kutenda kuna Baba, murume wechidiki akatora chikoro cheVyatka, chaive nemukurumbira wakashata.
Mumwe murume wechidiki paakavhura makore gumi nemashanu, chiitiko chinotyisa chakaitika muhupenyu hwake: Alexander Green akarasikirwa naamai vake akafa kubva ku tuberculosis.
Mushure memwedzi mishoma, Stepan Grinevsky akaroora Lydia Boretskoy, zvisinei, hukama nedzimba rokunamata hwakanga husina midzi, nekuda kweizvo murume akagadziriswa zvakasiyana kubva kumhuri yaBaba. Tenzi weshoko raigara ega, uye kubva kumhepo yeiyo provencial vyatka, iyo "nhema, musoro nebhuku ra" dzenhema, zvevashandi vemitambo.
Remangwana prose vakapedza makore matanhatu mukuputira. Pakati peino nguva, akakwanisa kushanda semapepa emabhuku, mutambi, murombo, muridzi wechitima, chibati, uye kunyange muimbi wezhizha cascus. Muna 1896, akapedza chikoro cheVyatka akaenda kuOdessa kuti ave mutyairi, akagamuchira makumi maviri nematanhatu kubva kuna Baba. Muguta reguta idzva pane imwe nguva zvigunwe, iye akange asina mari yekudya.
Alexander paakazviona pachigaro - zvinotarisirwa zvake hazvina kuwirirana nezvazviri: pane zvinonakidza, murume wechidiki uyu akasemesa basa remufambisi wemutyairi uye akaroora nemutungamiriri wechikepe.
Muna 1902, nekuda kwezvido zvakanyanyisa mumari, Alexander Stepanovich yakapinda mumushandi wemauto. Kuoma kwehupenyu hwemusoja kumanikidzwa grinevians kuGrinevian kugwenga: Mushure mekuputika neRevolution, Green vakatanga pasi pemabasa epasi. Muna 1903, jaya rakasungwa ndokutumirwa makore gumi kuSiberia. Akapedzawo makore maviri muArekgatshilk link uye imwe nguva yaigara pasi pePasipoti Stranger muStrersburg.
Mabhuku
Alexander Stepanovich Green akanyora nyaya yake yekutanga muna 1906: Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, kusika kwakabata jaya rakaburitsa zvizere. Basa rake rekutanga rinonzi "kukodzera kwekuvanzika Panteleeva" vanotaura nezve kutyorwa kuri kushanda mune yebasa remusoja.
Chikamu chebhasi chegirini chakabudiswa pasi pechiratidzo cheA. S. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. G. Senge bhurocha remushandirwi revashandi mumauto, varwi vanozvipa. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kutenderera kwese kwakabviswa kubva kuimba yekudhinda uye kupiswa nemapurisa. Alexander Stepanovich, hupenyu hwake hwese akafunga nezvechinyorwa chake chakarasika, asi muna 1960 kopi imwe bhurocha racho rakawanikwa mu "Dhipatimendi reChiratidzo cheMoscow GendMerie".
Tevere, kubva pasi peAlexander green green, iro basa re "nzou uye moskka" vakaonekwa, raakatambura zvakafanana. Basa rekutanga rakasvika pamutemo iro zvitoro zvebhuku raive nyaya "muItari".
Kubva 1908, munyori akatanga kushambadzira kuunganidzwa kwenyaya, kusungira pasi peiyo pseudonym "yakasvibira": Munyori akanyorwa nyaya makumi maviri neshanu mugore rino, achitora mari yakanaka. Muna 1913, kuverenga kweveruzhinji kwakaona zvakanyorwa naAlexander Stepanovich muchimiro chematatu matatu.
Gore roga roga, Grinevsky yakavandudza hunyanzvi, iwo mano emabasa akawedzera, zvirongwa zvakadzama uye zvakadzama uye zvisingafungidziriki, pamwe nemunyori wake aine makotesheni uye ephhorisms akazivikanwa kwazvo muvanhu.
Izvo zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti grinevsky inotora nzvimbo inokosha munyika yeRussia mabhuku. Chokwadi ndechekuti munyori akange asina kutarisirwa, kana vateveri kana kutevedzera. Nekudaro, munyori iye amene akapomedzerwa nyaya kubva kuEdgar na, Jack London, Hoffman, Stevenson uye humwe hunhu hwekugadzira. Asi patinoongorora zvinyorwa, zvakazoitika kuti kufanana uku kwainyanya uye kusaruramisa.
Zvakare, zita reAlexander Green rinofananidzwa nenyika yeGreenland. Iye iye amene haana kushandisa zita renzvimbo ino Yayedzi mumabasa ake, iye Sovie yake Cornery yakaumbwa, iyo yakazvirondedzera nzvimbo yechiitiko chikuru mumabhuku egirini.
Vanotsvaga vanotenda kuti peninsula, uko nyika yemunyori iri pamiganhu yekumaodzanyemba kweChina. Mhedziso dzakadaro dzakaitwa pamitauro mumabasa ezvigaro chaicho: New Zealand, Pacific, etc.
Muna 1916-1922, Gungwa raive rakanyorwa nyaya "mutsvuku saizi", iro raikumurumbidza. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti iyi basa tenzi feather akazvipira kumukadzi wechipiri Nina. Pfungwa yebasa rakazvarwa mumusoro wemunyori zvichangobva: Alexander Stepanovich akaona chikepe chine machena masaini mune showcase ine matoyi.
"Toy iyi yakati chimwe chinhu kwandiri, asi ini ndakanga ndisingazive kuti chii, ipapo ndakafunga kuti chikepe chitsvuku chingati kupfuura zvakawanda, uye chiri nani pane ruvara rutsvuku, nekuti muLoom kune Bhavyitting. LICAYY zvinoreva zivo, nei uchifarira. Uye saka, kuendesa kubva pane izvi, kutora mafungu neyekukutu ne alay sail, ndakaona chinangwa chekuva kwake, "munyori akarondedzera kuti ndangariro dzake dziri kumafungu kune" mafungu "anoyerera.Muna 1928, Alexander Stepanovich anobereka basa rake rakakosha, rinopa zita rekuti "kumhanya nemafungu".
Uyu wechiove pamusoro pekusagadzikana, vatsoropodzi vemazuva ano vakatora fungidziro yekufungidzira. Zvakare Alexander akasvibira anozivikanwa kuverenga kuti vaongororwe pabasa rehasha dzaBaba vababa vaBaba (1929), "mugwagwa hapana" mugwagwa "(1929) uye" Dhiyabhorosi wemvura yeorenji "(1913).
Novel yekupedzisira yemunyori inonzi "Ladut", zvisinei, iri basa Alexander Green haana kuwana nguva yekupedzisa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kubva kuBiography yeGreen, inozivikanwa kuti akabhabhatidzwa neOrthodox Tsika, kunyangwe baba vake vaive mutendi weCatholic. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti maonero ezvitendero emunyori akatanga kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva, mudzimai wake achipemberera: Ndichiri muCrimea, Grinevsky akashanyira Chechi Yenzvimbo uye kunyanya aida mhemberero yeIsita.
Paunenge uri woga hupenyu, munyori weR r Romov akaroora kaviri. Wokutanga wacho akava Vera Pavlovna Abramov, mwanasikana wemumwe mupfumi. Zvinokosha kuti mune nyaya "marita zana parwizi", yaive vera vakava prototype yeiyo huru yeGelly.
Imba yavo, iyo yakatanga muna 1908, yakapera mukurambana pokutanga kwaAbromova: Mukadzi, maererano naye, akange aneta nekuregererwa uye kusingadzoreki murume wake. Haina kuwedzera kunzwisisa kwekuwirirana uye kazhinji uchi kuzorora girini. Alexander Stepanovich amene akadzokorora kuedza kubata. Akatsaurira kutenda mabhuku akati wandei, akanyora pane mumwe wavo achiti: "Shamwari yangu chete." Zvakare, kusvika pakuguma kwehupenyu, girini haina kupatsanurwa nemufananidzo weVera Pavlovna.
Zvakangodaro, muna 1921, jaya rakaroora nina Miromova, uyo akararama hupenyu hwese. Vakaroora vairarama vachifara uye vakaona chimwe chipo chekupedzisira.
Kana Alexander Stepanovich, Nina Green Pashure pokugara kweGeriya nevaGerman akaendeswa kuGermany kuti ashande. Pakudzokera kuUSSR, mukadzi uyu akapomerwa mhosva yekunyepedzera nyika yake, saka makore gumi anotevera aive mumisasa. Zvinokosha kuti vabati vevaroorini vese vakasvibira vaisaziva chete, asiwo neushamwari, kana zvichiita, zvakatsigirana mune zvakaoma basa uye nguva yemusasa.
Rufu
Alexander Stepanovich Green akafira muzhizha ra 1932. Iko kukonzera kwerufu ndeye gastric cancer. Iyo prose inovigwa muiyo yekare matsotsi, uye chigadziko chakaiswa paguva rake zvichibva pabasa "richimhanya pamafungu".
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mushure mekukunda kweSoviet Union muHondo Yenyika yechipiri, mabhuku eGreen akazivikanwa neAnti-Soviet uye Pfungwa Dzakapesana dzeProletariat. Mushure mekufa kwaJoseph Stalin, zita regirini rakagadzirwazve.
Mukurangarira nehuku, museum yakavhurwa muFoodosia, migwagwa, maraibhurari, mabasa ekutyaira akatumidzwa, akagadzira mazvichagadzirwa uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
BHAIBHERI
- 1906 - "MuItari"
- 1907 - "Maorenji"
- 1907 - "Favorite"
- 1908 - "Tramp"
- 1908 - "Varume vaviri"
- 1909 - "Ngarava yemhepo"
- 1909 - "maniac"
- 1909 - "Chiitiko muPSA Street"
- 1910 - "Musango"
- 1910 - "Bhokisi nesipo"
- 1911 - "Mwedzi Verenga"
- 1912 - "Chando Chando"
- 1914 - "Pasina Ruzhinji"
- 1915 - "Aviator-Lunatic"
- 1916 - "Chakavanzika cheimba 41
- 1917 - "Mudzimu Bourgeois"
- 1918 - "Bulls in Tomat"
- 1922 - "Moto Wese"
- 1923 - "ScarlCLET Sails"
- 1924 - "Kufamba Merry"
- 1925 - "Matanho matanhatu"
- 1927 - "Ngano yeFerguson"
- 1928 - "Kumhanya pamafungu"
- 1933 - "Velvet Porter"
- 1960 - "Takagara pamhenderekedzo"
- 1961 - "Matambo Stamp" Ranch