Biography
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin pachavo akayemura mabasa eGabriel derzhavin. Pamusoro pebudiriro, muBiography yeGabriel Romanovich, basa revanhu, kuvimbika kuna humambo uye rwiyo rusina kukwana rwaive rwuri rwuri rwaivepo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mudetembi nemunharaunda vakaberekerwa mumudunhu weKazan muna 1743. Zuva rekuzvarwa rakaitika musi waChikunguru 14 nekuda kwechimiro chitsva. Iyo genus yevaDharcians inobva kuTatar Murza Barrim. Maererano nengano yemhuri, tateguru akaenda kubasa kumuchinda wevakasviba akasviba kubva kumitsara yegoridhe horde muCentine zana.
Inoshandura chitendero, aimbova Horde, zita rekuti Ilya, pakabhabhatidzwa, akabhabhatidzwa. Kubva kune mumwe wevanakomana vaIlya - Simba - uye davi reKabrieri reGabriel Romanovich rakaitika.
Mhuri yeDerzhavhuvini yakanga isingapomisi. Baba, vanokudzwa mumusoro wechipiri wechipiri mukuru, kutanga kwehupenyu hwechipiri, uye kusikwa kweMwanakomana weMwanakomana kwakarara pamapfudzi aamai Andreevna. Zvakanga zvakaomera mukadzi kupa Gabriel yakakodzera dzidzo. Pakutanga, mukomana wacho akadzidza Bill, kuverenga nekunyora kumba. Vadzidzisi vekutanga vaive vafundisi.
Pazera ramakore manomwe, mukomana anopinda muchikoro che boarding muOrenburg, haana kusiyaniswa nekubwinya kwekudzidziswa kwakanyanya. Zvakangodaro, mushure mekunge zvidzidzo zvatakapiwa, derzhvin anotanga kutaura chiGerman. VAKAWare gare gare, mhuri iyi yakatamira kuKazan, uye jaya racho raigara richidzidza kumitambo yekurovedza muviri.
Iyo yekurovedza muviri yaidiwa neyekuona hunyanzvi uye engineering umo iye akabudirira chaizvo. Pano, achiri kuyaruka akasangana nebasa renzvimbo mikhail OMikhail Lomonosov, Alexander Sumarov, Vasily Trediavsky. Jaya iri rake rinotora chinyoreso mumaoko ake uye anoedza mauto enhetembo. Yokutanga pancake yakazova kamuri, syllable yakanga isina kubudirira, asi yakazobuda kuti ibvunze kanzuru.
Muna 1762, chinodiwa cheiyo trojannvsky turnover yakauya kune yekutanga kufambisa, uye jaya rinomira muchiuto. Gabriel Romanovich pachairangarira makore ari muuto rakanyanyisa muhupenyu hwake hwese. Kusave nenguva yekutanga, mauto evhiki nevhiki akagadzirwazve kuHurumende Coup, mune iyo derzhvin vatorwa pamwe chete nevamwe varindi vakasara. Semhedzisiro, Ekaterina II aive muchigaro.
Kune mumwe murume akanaka, hupenyu hwemauto haana kuve nyore. Pakutanga, zvaive zvakafanira kugovana maruva nevarwi, nguva mukirasi yehetetry kana sainzi yaive isina njodzi. Gabriel Romanovich aisave nevatambi vepamusoro-soro, vakafambisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Mudetembi wenguva yemberi aifanira kubvunza mukunyora nezve kuwedzera kweAlexey orlov, kuchinjisa kukodzera kuHERS. Chikumbiro chacho chakagutsikana, uye murume anokudzwa akagamuchira chin kapubra kadural, achienda kumisasa yemutungamiriri. Asi panguva iyoyo, derzhavan akatakurwa nebheka uye mutambo wekadhi.
Muna 1770, murume anobirika akafunga kubva pahupenyu hwakawanda, uye muna 1772 akakwezva kudzvinyirira pugachev bunth.
Mabhuku
Basa rekutanga, rakaburitswa mukudhindwa muna 1773 uye vaive nePeru deru Fambhavhvin, yaive muchato wekukaka weGrand Duke Paul Petrovich. Pakutanga, mudetembi akagadzira chimiro chomusimara. Nehurombo, Gabriel Romanovich aisakwanisa kudzokorora "nzira yeMhepo" yekusimudzira mikhail valevilevich.
Munguva pfupi, kutevera shamwari dzeshamwari dzakawanda dzinosangana nebasa rekunyora, derzhararini akasarudza muenzaniso weOda. Maererano noMusiki, basa guru remunyori ndiko kurudziro kwemabasa akanaka uye kuzvidzwa kwezvinhu zvakaipa.
Pakutanga, mabasa enhetembi akadhindwa pasina kusaina muStrersburg Bulletin. Chiedza chakaona "kiyi", "vatongi nevatongi". Nekudaro, nhetembo dzepakunguvana uye pompous poomus yakaita kuti Derzhavin anozivikanwa pakati pevanyori, asi kwete pakati penzanga.
Zita raGabrieri Ranova akatinhira tinhire mushure mekunyora kuna Felitsa, uyo anonyudza Catherine. Nenhetembo dzinoshingaira, nhetembo yakagamuchira casket kubva kuimba yemashanga, yakafukidzwa nemadhaimani, mairi 500 erakor akarara nhema.
Mushure meizvozvo, "mapopoma" phezi dzakadhindwa mu "Pariono", "Varon Harza", "Mwari". ODI ODI yakazova korona yekukwira Gabriel Ranoviv, uye mudetembi akazova pakati pemakirasi nezvidhori. Vanyori vese vakagadzira mazana emabasa anoita mabhuku gumi nemaviri ekuunganidzwa. Chokwadi chinonakidza ndiko kupusa kweDerzhavin muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Muna 1815, tsarskoyel lyceum yakanga yatozivikanwa semunyori anozivikanwa. Kushamisika kwevadzidzi, mubvunzo wekutanga, uyo wakabvunzwa munyori wenhetembo dzisiri dzechisimba, dzaive pamusoro penzvimbo yeimba yekutandarira. Nenzira, iyo yakakurumbira uye ine tarenda grenteum lyceum Alexander sergeevich puskin yakaona yakanakira nhetembo. Basa "Ini ndiri chigadziko kwandiri kumisa zvakashata" zvakanyorwa naye zvinoenderana nemuenzaniso we "chifananidzo" che derzhavin.
Chokwadi chakavimbika rudo rweDerzhanin kune erotic prose. Munyori akanyora anoshanda, achivapa hunyoro hwakakosha, achiedza kusabvisa mazwi kubva kune rugwaro nemanzwi e "p". Panguva imwecheteyo, Gabriel Romanovich akasarudza kuti zvisikwa zvake zvakaverengerwa munharaunda yevakadzi.
Ehe, kunyanya derzhanin yanga iine hunyanzvi hwakakomba. Saka, kune nhamba yekuverengera kugona zvinyorwa, rwiyo uripo rweMambo weRussia "rukudzo ruri" Kutinhira, kugovera! ", Yakanyorwa mushure mekutora nhare madziri muhondo yeRussia panguva yeTurkey. Mimhanzi yakanyora OOSIP Kozlovsky.
Zvematongerwo enyika
Pamusoro pemabhuku, Gabriel Romanovich aitwa basa rehurumende. Mushure mekuregererwa kwakamirirwa kwenguva refu muna 1777, derzhangani kune vekoreji vapi vechezano uye vakagamuchira mweya mazana matatu evarimi muBelarus. Muna 1780, murume anokudzwa anowira muche Seneti, asi zvakananga derzhavin uye kutungamira mukusarudza kwakapa mufambisi ane ushamwari.
Muna 1783, kuve nhengo yeiyo Imperi yeRussia Chikoro, mudetembi aipinda mugadziriro yeiyo yekutanga yakangwara duramazwi.
Muna 1784, murume anokudzwa akagadzwa nemubati weOlettsky Vicerity, uye kubva 1786 kusvika 1788 Anoshandira musoro weTamboV Mitengo. Dunhu rakanyorwa pakati pekuseri. Munguva pfupi, gavhuna mutsva akakwanisa kurera mukurumbira wenharaunda yakapihwa ndima. Yekutanga mudunhu reTypography, chikoro, chipatara, pekugara uye mutoro wakavakwa.
Kubva 1791, derzhvin anodzokera kuguta guru, kudare reCatherine. Nzvimbo yemufundisi yekururamisira yeHumambo hweRussia, iyo yaakambogara muna 1802-1803, yaive korona yebasa rezvematongerwo enyika revanhu vanokudzwa.
Kubva pane izvi post, Gabriel Romanovich akarega kuseri uye akawana mukana wekuzvipira zvachose kune zvinyorwa zvekuverenga. Kugadziriswa muzvivakwa zveiyo Novgorod Province, nhetembo inobata mazuva ekunyora nhetembo.
Hupenyu Hwako
Wawakaroora wekutanga wenhetembo muna 1778 yaive yegore rine makore gumi nematanhatu Yakovlevna Basidon. Mumwe mukadzi wechidiki, aine makore 34, Catherine akafa kamwe kamwe uye akavigwa pamakuva ebaresbury muSt.
Derzhavin kare mwedzi mitanhatu yakazoroora zvakare. Panguva ino, Daria Alekseevna Dyakova, aigara kusvika kuguma kweupenyu hwake akava vasanangurwa. Vese vakadzi vechihedheni pheet mumabasa.
Vana vekwawakabva havana chekudenga, asi vafambi nevanun'una uye nherera vevana veDhzhanin, Peter Lazarev, vakarererwa mumhuri. Mumwe wevanakomana - Mikhail Lazarev, akazotevera akavhura Antarctica, kuva ane tarenda kuyemura.
Rufu
Muna 1816, yatove nemushonga, mudetembi yeRussia anozivikanwa akafa mune yake edzimba mudunhu reNovgirod.
Guva raGabrieri Romanov pamwe chete nemukadzi wake, uyo akasiya hupenyu muna 1842, iri muMaritsi-preobrazhensky yeVarlaamo Khutynttery pedyo neVelky novgirod.
Quotes
Nhau dzinowanzove dzakasiyana izvo, sekusiyana kwekare. Kune chete kupfidza, kupfidza kune mumwe munhu. Iko hakuna kuziviswa kunopfuura vamwe vagari vemo, kufambisa uye kutungamirirwa nerudo rwevanhu. Anofanira kuda kuti aJazhodhi ararame, anoidururira mumaonero ake uye ave muenzaniso mazviri. Syll icharamba iri mbongoro, kunyangwe paine nzvimbo yake, iye anofanirwa kuita nepfungwa, iye chete chlorides nenzeve.BHAIBHERI
- 1798 - "Ferzhavhin China"
- Derzhvin Gabriel Romanovich "anoshanda. Ed. Ya. Grott In 9 mavhoriyamu"
- 1933 - "Ferzhavin G. R. Nhetembo"
- 1957 - "Nhetembo G. R. Derzhavina"
- 1980 - "Nhetembo. Provose. (G. R. erzhavin)"
- 1984 - "Favorites Prose. (G. R. erzhavin)"