Biography
Sandro Bottacelli ndeye inomiririra yakatanhamara yeiyo Florentine pendi yeQuatrochto Era. Pashure porufu, tenzi akapinda mukuzeza. Saka zvakapfuurira kusvika pakati pezana ramakore, kana veruzhinji vakapepuka pabasa rake uye biography. Zita reSandro Bottacelli rinouya mupfungwa uye vagari, uye nyanzvi ndeyokutanga kana zvasvika kune hunyanzvi hwekuzvarwa kwekutanga.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Icho chokwadi chinonakidza chekuti havasi vese vanoziva nezve: Bottacelli haisi zita chairo reMhizha. Mukudanana, zita rake rakanga riri Alessandro di Mariano di Banny Filipei. Musi waKurume 1, 1445, Mwanakomana mudiki - Sandro akaberekerwa mumhuri yaRozhevnik Mariano. Pamusoro pake, vabereki vaive nemwanakomana vatatu vechikuru: Giovanni naSimone vakazvitsaurira, naAntonio, vakasarudza zvishongo zvezvishongo.
Iko hakuna kuwirirana pamusoro pekutanga kweiyo surname yemurwi. Iyo yekutanga tauriridzo inosungira zita reBotticelli nemabasa ekutengesa ehama dzevakuru vaviri ("Botticelle" anoshandura kunge mbiya). Vatsigiri veimwe fungidziro zvakare vanotenda kuti zita rezita rakaenda kuSandro kubva kuHama Giovanni, asi nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero: Iye aive murume akakora. Vamwe vaongorori vanopokana kuti surname nyowani yakapfuura yakananga kuBotticelli kubva kune imwe hama - Antonio ("Battigello" - "Sirlet Tenzi").
Mukurukana wake kwemakore maviri, Sandro aive mudzidzi wejekeler. Asi muna 1462 (kana muna 1464 - mafungiro evatsvagiri zvimisikidzwa) Akapinda muAxt Workshop to Fra Filippo Lippi. Pakupedzisira muna 1467 kuruboshwe Florence, Andrea Verroko vakava murayiridzo wezororo remangwana. Nenzira, Leonardo Da Vinci akadzidza kuVerrics Sangano pane imwe nguva naBottacelli. Mushure memakore maviri, muna 1469, Sandro akatanga basa rakazvimiririra.
Kupenda
Misi chaiyo yekunyora pendi zhinji hadzizivikanwe. Nyanzvi dzakaratidza madhiri eyenzizi dzakavakirwa pakuongorora stylistic. Basa rakapinda munyaya seyekutanga uye ranyatsogara neBrashi Botticelli ndeye "chipinganidzo chesimba." Yakanyorwa muna 1470, akaitirwa horo yeFlorentine Trade Court. Ikozvino kuratidzwa kweUffizi gallery.
Mabasa ekutanga akazvimirira emhizha zvakare anosanganisira mifananidzo yakawanda yeMadonn. Anonyanya kuzivikanwa "Madonna Eucharist", yakanyorwa kutenderera 1470. Munguva imwe chete iyoyo, Bottacelli anoonekwa anoita kuti musangano wayo wega. Mwanakomana waAdare reMupi wake weMharidzo yake - Philipino Lippi - anouya kuSandro aine mudzidzi.
Pashure pa1470, masters maitiro maitiro anowedzera kuratidzwa: paPalette yakajeka, kuendesa kweganda mumvuri une mimvuri yakawandisa. Kubudirira kweBotticelli seinogona kurapa kugona kurarama uye kufuratira mutambo wedrama, unoburitsa mifananidzo yekutaura, manzwiro nekufamba. Izvi zvakajeka zvakajeka mukutanga (1470-1472) Duptyja nezveTestament yeTestament Feat yeJudith, iyo yakashongedzwa Asiria Kupinda kweOolofer.
Mufananidzo wekutanga wemuviri usina kupfeka paBottacelli ndiye mufananidzo "Saint Sebastian". Pazuva revafambi, Ndira 20, 1474, zvaive zvinomiririrwa zvakazara nevagari veguta. Vertical Canvas yakatumirwa pane imwe ikoramu yeChechi yeSanta Maria Maggiore.
Pakati pe1470s, Sandro anoreva mufananidzo wemufananidzo wehunyanzvi hwakanaka. Pakati peino nguva, "mufananidzo weMenduru isingazivikanwe yeKozimo Medicti yakaonekwa." Ndiani jaya racho raive iro jaya, rinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 1474-1475, haazivikanwe. Kune fungidziro yekuti inozvifunga. Vamwe vatsvagiri vanotenda kuti muenzaniso wemhizha wakashandira Hama Antonio, vamwe - kuti iyo canvase inoratidzwa nemunyori wemhuri kana mumiriri weMhuri yeMedic.
Nemhuri iyi ine simba yeReorentine uye zvakakomberedza kwavo, murwi wakauya pedyo ne 70s. Musi waJanuary 28, 1475 Juliano Medicti, hama yemusoro weRourentine Republicine Republicine Lorenzo Magonificent, yakatorwa nemutambo nemba, pamusoro penzvimbo iyo Botticelli yakashanda. Kwakakomberedza 1478, muimbi akanyorwa nemufananidzo waJuliano pachaKe.
PANO RAKANAKA CANVAS "WURDY", iyo Mhuri yeMedicli yave yakazara mukuzara pamwe chete neyekuninipisa. Chakanga chiri chikamu chevose Bottacelli, ane chimiro chaani chinogona kuonekwa mukona yekurudyi.
Kubvumbi 26, 1478 Nekuda kwekurangana kwakundikana kurwisa Medidi, Juliano akaurayiwa. Nekurongeka kwekupona Lorenzo, muimbi akanyora fresco pamusoro pemasuwo anotungamira kuLazazo Vecchio. Mufananidzo wevakarangana naye, zvakaitwa naBottacelli, haana kundibvisa makore makumi maviri. Mushure mekudzingwa kubva kuFlorence, mutongi asinganyarari purodhi piecidi akaparadzwa.
Pakupera kwe1470s, murwi unova wakakurumbira kunze kweTuscany. Baba Sikst iv vaishuvira kuona Sandro mumusoro wependi wemadziro ezvidzidzo zvacho achangovakwa. Muna 1481, Bottcelli anosvika kuRoma uye pamwe nevamwe vatambi vanotanga basa pamari yezvirimwa. Bhurashi rake ndereatu, kusanganisira "muyedzo waKristu", pamwe nenzaka gumi nembiri dzababa. Pashure pemakore makumi matatu, iro guta reiye Sicstinian muchicherechuchidzo richaratidza Michelangelo, uye ichazivikanwa nenyika yose.
Mushure mekubviswa kubva kuVictoria, muhafu yekutanga ye1480s, Bottacelli inogadzira hunyanzvi hukuru. Ivo vakafemerwa netsika yekare uye uzivi hwehurumende, vateveri vePeoplatism, uyo muimbi akaswedera pedyo nenguva iyoyo. Chitubu, chakanyorwa muna 1482, ndiro basa risinganzwisisike remuyori, iro risati rave nedudziro yakajeka. Zvinotendwa kuti muimbi akasika mufananidzo, akafuridzirwa nenhamba "pane izvo zvinhu" Lucretia, kureva ndima yacho:
"Ndiwo tsime, uye venus anoenda, uye venus vakaputika
Bulletin iri pamberi, uye, marshmallows, pamberi pavo
Kufamba naBlora mai uye, maruva ari munzira achipararira,
Pendi dzinozadza zvese uye kunhuhwirira kweanonaka ...
Mhepo, mwarikadzi, mhanya pamberi penyu; Nepfungwa dzako
Makore anoenda kubva kudenga, pasi, rudzidziso rwechitendero
Steel marara kapeti, inonyemwerera mafungu,
Uye Necksery yeAzure Inopenya Chiedza ChemaMafashama "
Uyu mufananidzo, pamwe nemamwe maruva maviri enguva ino, pallada uye centaur canvas uye kuberekwa kweVenus, vaive lorenzo di pierfrantic Medicli, dhiziri reDuke Florence. Kupa hunhu hwemabasa matatu aya, vaongorori vanoona vaimbi nepurasitiki mitsara, mimhanzi yemavara, kunzwa kweiyo rwiyo uye kuwirirana, kunoratidzwa nenjere dzisinganzwisisike.
Pakupera kwe1470s - kutanga 1480s, Bottacelli iri kushanda pamifananidzo yeDante "Divine Comedy". Kubva pamidhirowa chepeni pamatehwe, vashoma, pakati pavo - "gomba rakadzika-gehena" rakapona. Kubva pamabasa panhau dzechitendero chenguva ino, "Madonna ane mucheche pachigaro" (1484), " (OK 1487).
Muna 1490-1500, Bottacelli akafemerwa nedzidziso dzeMoinican monastertery Dzhirolamo Savonarol, uyo akatsoropodza maChechi nguva nenguva uye nekuwedzera kwehupenyu hwenyika. Kupinzwa kuchidonha kusarudzika uye kutendeuka, Sandro akatanga kushandisa rima uye kudzora mimvuri.
Landscapes uye zvinhu zvemukati zvakanyangarika kubva pane mifananidzo yemamiriro ezvinhu, iyo inogona kuonekwa pane iyo "Dante portrait" (approx. 1495). Yakanyorwa kutenderera 1490 "Judith, ichisiya tende reOloferena" uye "kuchema kwaKristu" - hunhu hwenguva yekushandira.
Kupomerwa kwaSavonarola muYersi uye kuurayiwa muna 1498th, uye kunyange kutanga - kufa kweLorenzo Medici uye kufara kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakatevera izvi muTuscany yakazunza Bottaccelli. Zvisikwa uye zvakasviba mukugadzirwa kwakawedzerwa. "Chishamiso Chishamiso" che1500 ndiyo inonyanya kujairika yenguva ino neyekupedzisira basa remuimbi.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nezve hupenyu hwomunhu weBottcelliLi anoziva zvishoma. Muimbi aive asina mukadzi nevana. Vazhinji vavaongorori vanotenda kuti sandro yaive murudo neVespucci Simoneette - Runako rwekutanga rweFlorente uye mukadzi wemoyo waJuliano Medicti.
Akashanda semuenzaniso kune akawanda pendi pendi. Simonette akafa muna 1476 aine makore makumi maviri nematatu.
Rufu
Mumakore 4,5 apfuura ehupenyu, Bottcelli haana kunyora uye aigara muhurombo. Tenzi mukuru wezera reQuatrocheto akavigwa pamakuva eClorentine Church of Ontisanti musi waMay 17, 1510.Shanda
- Zvakanaka. 1470 - "Allgory yesimba"
- Zvakanaka. 1470 - "Wholches"
- Ok.1470 - "Madonna Eucharist"
- 1474 - "Saint Sebastian"
- 1474-1475 - "Mufananidzo weKisingazivikanwe naMEZIMO Medicti"
- Zvakanaka. 1475 - "Mufananidzo weJuliano Medicti"
- 1481-1485 - "Madonna Magnification"
- Zvakanaka. 1482 - "Chitubu"
- 1482-1483 - "Pallada uye Centaur"
- Zvakanaka. 1485 - "Venus naMars"
- Zvakanaka. 1485 - "Kuzvarwa kweVenus"
- Zvakanaka. 1487 - "Madonna ane grenade"
- Zvakanaka. 1490 - "Kutumira Kristu"
- Zvakanaka. 1495 - "kuchera"
- Zvakanaka. 1495 - "Mufananidzo weDante"
- 1495-1500 - "Judith, achisiya tende yeOolferena"
- 1500 - "Chishamiso Chisimba"