Biography
Hupenyu hwemunyori weBritain uyu akafanana neanokurumidza bhuku. Yakanga iri zvese: Kubata hoduya, kudheerera kuchikoro, zvinodzidziswa nekondinendi, hondo uye gamba uye muchato muNzara weOscar-kuhwina weHollywood. Roald Dal aigona kunyora memoirs ane hunyanzvi, asi akatanga kunyora nyaya dzekuteedzera, dzidziso dzakanaka uye mabasa evana. Ndiyo yekupedzisira, kusanganisira "Gremlin", Charlie uye fekitori yeChocolate, "James neChishamiso Persix", akaita mukurumbira wake pasi rose.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Musi waSeptember 13, 1916, mukomana akaberekerwa mudura renzvimbo yeLlaniff (pedyo neguta reCardiff, United Kingdom), iyo yakanzi Roald. Vabereki - Norwegians vakapa zita kuMwanakomana mukuremekedza vakakurumbira compatriot - iyo Polar yakapinza rual Amundo. Baba Harald Dal vakatama kuenda kuEngland mukupera kwa 1880s, amai Sophia Magdalena - yakawanda gare gare. Asi pakarepo mushure mekutanga kuroora muridzi wemunyika, ayo aive mukuru kwamakore makumi masere nemasere.
Muwanano mushure meimwe, vana vana vakazvarwa: Mwanakomana uye vatatu vanasikana. Mhuri iyi yakaramba ichitangira kunze pasina vwiyo: Baba vakafa ve pneumonia pazera ramakore makumi mashanu neshanu. Achangobva kuenda, Sophie akabereka mumwe mwanasikana asta, asi vakuru vakarasika, musikana akafa neEkuwedzera.
Little Roald Adhivha mama - aive akanaka munyori wenhoroondo, vana vakanga vanzwa nyaya dzake nezveNorway monsters uye troll. Zvichida zvimwe zviyo zvekufungidzira kwake zvakadyarwa, izvo pane ivhu revhu rarenda ratanga uye vakapa michero inoshamisa yakadaro inoshamisa.
"Dombo, dombo chairo ... nguva dzose parutivi rwako, chero chaunoita," saka akayeuka amai vake.
Pamakore manomwe, mukomana akapinda muLlandeff Cathedch School, apo iyo mhirizhonga yemitambo yakatonga panguva iyoyo mune yakavharwa masangano eEngland. Ipapo Sophie akashandurira mwanakomana kuSt. Peter Boarding Chikoro muWeston-Sewing. Asi pano kwaisava nani - Roald akanyora amai vaamai, kushuva kuzere. Mukadzi akachenjera akachengeta Epistary zviitiko zveMwanakomana, uye gare gare pane yavo bhuku re autobiological "mukomana" richasunungurwa (1984).
Iye mukomana paaive nemakore gumi nematatu, Sophie akatamira Kent, naDal vakatanga kudzidza kuRepton Chikoro. Paive nemirairo yemadutu kupfuura mune yakapfuura masimende: sekuru, kurangwa kwemazamu uye kudheererwa. Jaya racho rakanga richiramba richiramba rekudzidza, asi nekuda kwekukura kwakanyanya (murume anokura kunyange kusvika kwa19 dm) Akabudirira kurangwa nemitambo.
Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anofadza aive munhoroondo: Nguva nenguva kubva kuConfectionery Efekiti Fekitori Cudbery, vadzidzi vakauya chokoreti yekunaka. Mudiki Roald Akadana Uku Kuchenjerwa uye akarota kuti aumbe mutsva mutsva. Zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti ichi chokwadi cheBiography yakazopedzerwa muhurongwa hweBessseller Roald Dalya - "Charlie uye Chokoreti Factory".
Mushure mekupedza koreji muna 1934, mukomana akaramba kupetedza kuyunivhesiti. Uye akatanga kuenda kuNewatiland semufananidzo - akatakurwa nebhizinesi iri kunyangwe kuchikoro. Pasina nguva refu vakaenda kuAfrica (Tanzania), apinda mumapoka evashandi veganda.
Mabhuku
Yakanga iri muAfrica iyo Dahl yakanyora uye yakaburitsa iyo yekutanga nyaya. Uye iko kurwa kwakaponeswa. Roald akaenda kunoshanda semuzvipiri mune yeBritish Air Force, akabvaruka achitenderedza ndege yemauto. Asi kubhururuka kwekutanga muna 1940 kwakazova tarisiro: Kuchera kwekukurumidzira kwakamurasa chiratidzo uye kurova dehenya. Iye murume wacho akadzoreredzwa kwenguva yakareba uye akazobatanidzwa muhondo pamusoro peGreek, Libya, Siria.
Mukutanga 1942, mutyairi akatumirwa uye akagamuchira chikumbiro chekutora iyo post yeMubatsiri Mauto Air Twturs muWashington, uko basa remunyori wake rakatanga.
Kuedza kwekutanga kwekuverenga kweBritish ndiko nyaya dzemarindi emusha wevhiki, ivo vakazopinda mubhuku racho kuti "ndatendeukira kugomo" ("kwauri", 1946). Vakapinda yavo nhamba uye nyaya yezvisikwa ngano - gtems dzinokuvadza madhiri uye dzinotambudza ndege. Saka basa rekutanga raDalya rakaonekwa kuvana. Vakakurumbira "Gremlin" ichasimudzwa muna 1984.
Hondo yapera, muna 1945, munyori anodzokera kumusha kwake uye anorarama naamai vake. Mushure mekutadza kweiyo bhuku rekutyisidzira kwenyukireya, akaisa pfungwa pazvirevo. Nhau dzeiyi nguva dzinounganidzwa mune kutenderera "imbwa Claude" uye yakapihwa muna 1953. Kwapera gore, chinhambwe chinogashira mubairo wekuremekedza weDhara wezvemitemo yekutanga, umo "kufungidzira kwe" kufungidzira kwehutsinye uye kusanzwisisika "kwakasanganiswa.
Pashure pemakore mashanu, akavazve mari yekutanga. Chete zvino chinhambwe hachisisiri mutsva mune mabhuku, asi tenzi anozivikanwa wekuseka nhema, mabasa avo anoendeswa kumitauro yenyika. Ipapo munyori anozvidza muchikamu chitsva, achinyora script yefirimu "iwe unorarama kaviri" paBhuku reshamwari yake Jan Fleming, wandaigara naye, achigara muAmerica. Pakazosvika, pakanga paine anopfuura 20 cinema uye telecheraiges.
Mumakumi matanhatu, munyori anobudirira mumunda wemabasa evana. Panguva ino akange atoita murume wemhuri uye baba vakuru. Uye basa rake rakakweverwa kune vechidiki vaverengi. Muna 1961, bhuku rekutanga "James uye zvishamiso zvePersikisi" zvinobuda, uye munyori wacho aisazivisa izvozvo, asi hama dzakanyengetedzwa kuti dzibvumire manyoro mune imba yekuburitsa. Kubudirira Shalemil Daly, uye zvakare anotora peni.
Muna 1964, yechiRoma "charlie uye chocolate fekitori" yakaburitswa, saka Charlie uye Huge Glass Like (1972), "Danny - World Champion" (1975), "BDV, High High uye Yakakura Giant" (1982), "Varoyi" ( 1983), "Matilda" (1988). Vese vezvevana mabhuku anonyorwa zvinoratidzwa neiyo Chirungu Artist Quentin Blake, uyo akawana chimiro chakakosha, anoenderana nemweya wekurera vatenzi.
Akanyora munyori mune yake yaanofarira mumashure meimba yenyika. Akazvidza kurarama mune zvakasikwa: akaberekerwa mhuka, akura gadheni. Muhuswa, zvese zvaive zvakagadzirira kusikwa uye kukurudzira: Chinyakare chemagetsi emagetsi, 6 chakapinza mitezo yebhuruu pakupedzisira, makabhuku ellow akaunzwa kubva kuUSA - munyori akanyora chete pavari.
Mabasa evana Dalya inyika yakakosha umo munyori anotaura nemwana mumutauro wake kuburikidza neyekuseka Calaburis uye anonakidza neologisms anokatyamadza achiti: "Zvinotyisa", "'Brocculive!", "Omhulication". Mabhuku ake ane nzvimbo uye zano rakapinza, uye grotesque, uye mutambo, uye kunyange fainari inosiririsa, asi vanhu vakuru vanogara vachikura mundangariro dzevhu rinopenya uye rakachena.
"Vana vanoziva kuti ini ndiri kudivi ravo," akanyora izvi zvinoshamisa munyori wenhau.Hupenyu Hwako
Mukutanga makumi mashanu, chinhambwe chichiendeswa kuAmerica, panguva ino muNew York, kwainoshanda uye akaburitswa. Pane imwe yemapato, Dal anosangana nemukadzi wechikurumidza - iyo yekukwira nyeredzi Hollywood Patricia Neil. Muna 1953, vaviri ava vakapinda muchato umo vana vashanu vakazvarwa. Mukuru wacho akazova mwanasikana - Olivia makumi maviri (1955), mwanakomana waTeo Matewu (1960) akaoneka, akateverwa neChantal Sofia uye Oplia Magdalena (1964) uye mucheche Lucy Neil.
Patricia akapfura zvakawanda: Muna 1964, mutambi akatogamuchira iyo oscar mubairo. Naizvozvo, kekutanga nevana vakaitwa nababa vemhuri. MunaDecember 1960, dambudziko rakaitika: Anodhara nemwana weiyo Tekisi.
Pamusoro pemusoro weMusoro weToracic Baby akakurudzira hydrocephalus. Kufambisa hupenyu hweMwanakomana, chinhambwe chakatora chikamu mukuvandudzwa kweValve inokosha kuti ideredze intracranial kumanikidza (Wade Dala-Tilla Valve), iyo yakabatsira zviuru zvevarwere nevana.
Theo yakavambwa munguva pfupi, asi muna 1962, mwanasikana wedangwe aRoald naPatricia anofa kubva kuCorey. Kurova kutsva kunopinda munyori munyori muna 1965, apo chiuno chemidziyo yehuropi kwenguva yakareba yakasungirirwa pamubhedha mukadzi. Iye murume akazvitsaurira kunetsekana nemukadzi wake, nekuda kwekuti waakasvika patsoka dzake uye aigona kudzokera kubasa.
Kunyangwe paine ruzivo pamwe chete, Roald naPatricia vakarambana muna 1983. Munguva pfupi inotevera kureba kwakaroora Felicity d'Abro, kwaakararama kusvika pakuguma kwehupenyu hwake.
Rufu
Iye munyori akafa neropa reropa muna 1990, November 23, muOxfordshire, England.
Iye munyori wenhau akabatwa kuti amuviga aine bhodhoro remabhodhoro, chainsaw, zvakapfava-zvakapfava, chokoreti, chokoreti uye kiam yeSinuker.
Ndangariro
- Kusiri kure neLondon, mumusha weBhairahamshire, iyo Museum uye musimboti wenhoroondo yeRoald Dalya inowanikwa.
- Muna 2016, Oxford Duramazwi reRoald Dalya rakabudiswa, raisanganisira mazwi 8,000. Uye muOxford English Dictionary, pane izwi rekuti "Dahlesque" ichiratidza maitiro emunyori weBriton akakurumbira.
- Muna 2000, chinhambwe chakazivikanwa ne "Munyori waunofarira weBritain", kupfuura Joan Rowling uye Classics yeShakespeare.
- Roalda Dala Chartsable Fund inobatsira vana nehurwere uye neurouro dzinotarisirwa uye dzakadzoreredzwa kubva kune vane masimba emunyori (10%).
Quotes
"Izvi ndizvo zvakakosha kuti ndiwe ani uye unotaridzika sei kana uchida?" "Kana paine munhu anonyemwerera, uye maziso ake haazvishandure. Anonyepedzera. "" Kunyange zvakadaro, vabereki vanhu vanoshamisa. " Kunyangwe kana mwana wavo chisikwa chakashata kwazvo pasi, vachiri kutaura kuti zviri nani kupfuura vese. "Art haina kunaka kana iri vabati." Vakadzi vasinganzwisisike segungwa. Chero bedzi iwe usingazokanda zvakawanda, hauzoziva zvauinazvo pane keel - kudzika kana kutenderwa. "BHAIBHERI
- 1961 - "James NaGiant Peach"
- 1964 - "Charlie uye Chocolate Fekitori"
- 1965 - "Usiku Muenzi"
- 1970 - "zvinoshamisa Mr. Fox"
- 1972 - "Charlie uye Huge Glass Like"
- 1975 - "Danny - World Champion"
- 1979 - "Babamunini Oswald"
- 1980 - "Twit Mhuri"
- 1982 - "BDV, kana hombe uye yakanaka hofori"
- 1983 - "Varoyi"
- 1984 - "Mukomana"
- 1986 - "ndege chete"
- 1988 - "Matilda"