Biography
Duke Wilhelm ndakapinda iyo nyaya sokukundwa kweEngland, muvambi wekwaNoraniriki yemadzimambo. Pakati pezana ramakore reCent, akabatanidza pasi pematanho ake akatsemuka, akashaiwa simba nehurongwa hwomukati, achigadzira nzvimbo yepamoyo yemamiriro ekunze. Nguva yaWilhelm ini munyukunakisa wasvika nguva yekuEngland shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika uye yekushamwaridzana, iyo yecho yasvika nhoroondo yemazuva ano.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Wilhelm akaberekerwa muguta reNorman reFaleza muzvitatu zvekutanga zvezana reCentine. Vanyori venhoroondo vanodaidza matatu mazuva ekuzvarwa kwake - 1027, 1028 kana makore 1029.
Baba vemukomana ndiRobert II zvakanaka paRibhadhi rakatwasirwa, Mutongi weNjodzi, iyo nyika yakagadzirwa neZimbabwe muIx zana kuGuzamananyemba-kumadokero kweFrance. Amai Gerleva - Mamwe Akavambwa Akavambwa. Pane ruzivo rwune baba vake, mugari weFaleza, aive mupfumi artisani-reganda.
Pane ngano dzakanaka pamusoro pemusangano weVabereki vaWilhelm. Anonzi Robert II akasangana nemusikana ari parukova, achidzoka kubva mukuvhima. Kurwa kwekunaka kwake, Duke akatora "trophy" kwaari muFalez castle. Munguva pfupi, Gerlin akabereka mwanakomana wake, asi kuroora kwechiKristu pakati pevadi hakuna kuitika, saka mukomana aionekwa zvisiri pamutemo. Akanzi - Wilhelm Bastard.
Zvisinei, Roberti akaziva mukomana mwanakomana wake. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nenyaya yekuti, kuenda kumafambi kuJerusarema muna 1034, Duke akataura kuti Wilhelm ku mugari wenhaka wake, izvo zvakaoma chaizvo hupenyu. Kupfuura zvese, mushure mekufa kusingatarisirwi kwaRobert muna 1035, mugari wenhaka uyu waisimbisa munzira yevanonyorera vanyoreri.
Kurufu rwakatendeka kwakaponesa chokwadi chekuti pakati pekukudzwa hazvina kukwikwidza chigaro cheushe, icho chaizobvumidza ruzhinji. Izvi zvakashandiswa neArchbishop rouen Robert, uyo aive chipangamazano wekutanga kumubuduo akafa. Kuve nekubatana pachivanze cheFrance, akawana mambo Heinrich ndinoziva wechidiki wilhelm uye ipapo aive nedzimba dzeramangwana.
Nekudaro, mushure mekufa kwaArchbishop pamusoro pebuvenile duke, njodzi iyi zvakare yakamburirwa. Pakati pehama dzeWilhelm dzakatanga kurwisa kupesvedzera mugari wenhaka. Imwe yeye yakauraya muchengeti wake. Hupenyu hwechidiki duke hwaivewo nengozi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti babamunini vaAmai zvinopfuura kamwe vakaponesa muzukuru, akavanda mumishini yevarombo.
Hondo uye zviitiko zveNyika
Muna 1042 chete, kuve majaya ane makore gumi nemashanu ekukura, nerutsigiro rwehutachiona hweHeinrich I, Wilhelm akatanga kutora chikamu muNyika. Pakutanga, nokungwarira, uchivimba nekukudzivirira kuti azive, uyezve vese vakanaka vakatora braza yebhodhi mumaoko avo. Hunhu hwake, hwakaomeswa mukurwira simba, kuseka pane zvisiri pamutemo kwavakabva, kutengesa kwevadiwa, kwakava nesimba uye kwakaoma.
Izvi zvinoratidzwa nemabatiro aakaita vapanduki, vakaronga kurangana kuzomupomera muna 1044-1046. Musoro weSimberera wakamira muGi Burgundy, shamwari yeudiki Wilhelm, uyo aida kutora simba mumubhadharo. Uye angadai akabudirira, kana asiri iwo anotevera rubatsiro kubva kune Heinrich I. Kuedza kwakabatana kweFrance naNorman varwi vakaputsa vapanduki vacho.
Kunyadziswa kwakafanana kusimbisa simba remuduku wechidiki, kunyange maAristocrats enzvimbo dziri kure dzakapika. Wilhelm akasarudza kubheja - iro guta reKan, rakatanga kukura nekukura. Nekudaro, kukwidziridzwa kweBastard kwakange kuchiri kushungurudzika nevamiriri vega ega ezvekuziva.
Uye pakutanga kwe150s, kumwe kusimuka kwakamukira hurumende itsva. Panguva ino musoro wekupanduka waive babamunini vechidiki vadiki kuverenga Arilhese Wilhelm de Talo naHama Mozhel, Archbishop Rouen. Vakamukira kurutivi rwavo rweHeinrich ini, uyo, asina kufadza nenyaya yekuti kuratidzira kwakasimbisa nzvimbo yayo, kunova muvengi waNorman.
Mukusangana, Heinrich akarasikirwa nechikamu chakakosha chemauto uye akasarudza kudzoserwa. Ipapo iyo nhare yakawa ne nhare, Ratherm de talu, ichisiya mwana wemunun'una. Pakanga pasisina kupanduka kwemukati mune iyo duky. Wilhelm akakwanisa kusimbisa nyika, uye kusvika kuma 1060s, anotora chikamu chete muzvikepe nevapikisi veFrance - Heinrich i naJoffroa manelll, ivers anzhur.
Allies akaiswa mubatanidzwa kaviri muNormandy muna 1054 uye 1058, asi nguva imwe neimwe yakakundwa. Mushure mekufa kwaHeinrich i uye Joffroi Martella muna 1060, raid akamira.
Muna 1066, mambo weEngland England England Refisolessor akafa. Mamambo uyu aive akabatanidzwa naWilhelm handisi chete kushamwaridzana chete, asiwo hukama hweropa. Mutongi weNorman akatonga vazukuru kuna Amai Eduard. Pachivanze cheNjodzi, ivo vakapedzisira vapedza makore makumi maviri nemashanu, vachiri kutapwa, uye saka aida mwanakomana womunhu wokuzvarwa uye akavimbisa kuti munhu wechigaro, nekuti akange asina vagari venhaka.
Zvisinei, mushure mekufa kwemambo, iyo yeBritish yakasarudza mambo weAnglo-Saxon Aristocrat Harold Lindson, mukoma wake weEduadhi. Wakati aziva nezvazvo, Wilhelm akauya akatsamwa. Akaramba kuziva bhodhi reHarold ndokutanga kuungana mumushandirapamwe wechiuto kuenda kuEngland. Dudziro yakakwezva simba remahara mikuru, uye aristocrats kubva kuFlanders neFrance vakawedzerwa kwariri. Asi iyo huru yembudzi Wilhelm yaive rutsigiro rweVictoria.
Kuti azvitore, Normandz akapa humbowo hwehunyengeri hwaHarold, akataura kuti kufa kwake kusati kwaitika, sezvakataurwa Govinton kuti apikise kupika mambo mutsva weEngland, ndiko kuti, Wilhelm. Harold akazviita, akapika munzvimbo dzvene kuti ave nechokwadi chekutsigira kwakazara kwaWilhelm, asi mhiko yakapwanya uye akabvunza chigaro chake.
Ruzivo urwu runoratidzwa muzvikamu zvepamusoro zveBealy of Norman "zviitiko zveWilhelm, zvakanyorwa naGilome De Poitiers, uye," "" " inoonekwa sevanoda.
Asi muZimbabwe Vezana, hapana munhu akatanga kunzwisisa kuti chokwadi, uye kunyepa kupi. Uye zvakare, papa yaibatsira kumira padivi paWilhelm, uyo akavimbisa kuti achamisa bhishopi weCanterbury Stiganda. Semhedzisiro, muna Nyamavhuvhu 1066, mushandirapamwe wezvitutumu neuto revanhu vangangosvika zviuru zvinomwe. Sezvo takatamira pamusoro peLa Mans, mauto akamira kuguta anokurumidza kuora, kumaodzanyemba kweLondon.
Pano muna Gumiguru 14, 1066, hondo yematare yakaitika, iyo yakashandura nzira yeChirungu nhoroondo. Hondo yaHarold yakakundwa, uye akazviurayewa. Kukunda muhondo yemakunhi anovhura wilhelm yekuwana korona yeChirungu. Uye kunyangwe vamwe vasiri vekare vakachengetedzwa vachiri kuramba kuNorman Duke, zviito zvavo zvaisakwanisa kugadzirisa chero chinhu.
Musi waDecember 25, 1066, kuwirirana kwaWilhelm kwakaitwa semutongi weEngland. Kuendesa iyo Nyika, Normandoc yakatanga kuvakwa kweiyo yekugara - shongwe uye yakatanga kuita semagetsi mutemo. Positi dzakakwirira dzave kungogara mumumugodhi wake chete, pasi kubva kuAnglo -kan feudalists vaitora chikamu muhondo vakaitika uye vakapa majaya.
Kusagutsikana kuBritish kwakaedza kupandukira, ipapo kwakavhenekerwa ipapo, uko kwakaita mambo mutsva wakadzvinyirirwa noutsinye. Panguva imwe chete, Norman anotorwa kuti atorwe nharaunda - nyika dzeAristocrats dzakapandukira dzinobviswa, dzinogadzira mayuniti idzva, anounza kusimbisa uye, kana zvichikwanisika, chengetedza umwari hutsva.
Pakasvika 1075, kudzvinyirira iyo inonzi "kupandukira kwemapfumbamwe emakomo", Wilhelm yakawana kuzivikanwa kwekupedzisira kwesimba. Asi panguva ino matambudziko akatanga muNormandy. France ndakava mambo mukuru Fily Pilippand kuti Firland ndakatanga kuratidza maAntinormandic Moods. Uye muna 1078, kunyangwe mwanakomana wake chaiye Robert, aida kugara pachigaro cheushe kuRunyararo paWilhelm. Firipi ndakatsigira mupanduki, asi Wilhelm akawedzera vapanduki, Robert akatiza achifudza.
Kudzokera kuEngland, Mambo Wilhelm inotorwa kuti ishandurwe yakakosha yeHurumende. Akabvumidza kubhadharwa kwemutero neyese nyika chikamu cheese saxons uye macans. Uye kuti uve nechivimbo mukurongeka kwekubhadhara, akaraira rondedzero yakakura, dhizaini rondedzero yeumambo nevaridzi vavanoda. Census yakaitiswa makore matanhatu, kuunganidza ruzivo mune inonzi "bhuku redare rekupedzisira". Saksa akaidaidza neAnailand nemudziyo masikati, kana munhu akataura runyorwa rweMabasa.
Wilhelm yakaita shanduko dzinoverengeka. Kuwedzera kuvimba kwekereke kubva kuna Mambo: yakatanga kudzora kugadzwa kwemabhishopi uye mabhute, akatonga kuti zvinyorwa zvePapa hazviite pasina mvumo yamambo, yakakamurwa kwazvo chechi uye kutonga kwenyika. Mutauro wepamutemo wakava naNorman nedudziro yakataurwa French mutauro. Aya nemamwe matanho akatungamira mukuonekwa kwesimba rakasimba rakasimba muEngland. Iyi ndiyo nzira yezvematongerwo enyika-yezvematongerwo enyika iyo ichave hwaro hweMukuru weChirungu State.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kusiyana nababa Vilhelm Ini Wilhelm Ini, iye akakunda metropolitan uye hupenyu hwega hwainzi chete kubva pakufunga kwezvematongerwo enyika. Muna 1053 (pane mamwe masosi - muna 1056), mutungamiriri, kunyangwe akanyorwa maClanders, mwanasikana wechigaro chechigaro chechiRungu, nekuti Matilda aive wechizvarwa chaJehovha Chekutanga mambo weEngland Alfred Great.
Kuroora kwakavimbisa tarisiro huru. Vana vakaberekerwa muUnion iyi: Vanasikana uye 4 Vanakomana Hupenyu hwake hwese achitambura kubva mukusarura kweBastdoda, Wilhelm muwanano akasiyaniswa nokuvimbika, kusununguka uye nhungamiro.
Kutonga nemufananidzo wamambo, uyu ndiye munhu ane mamiriro ezvinhu (kureba 178 cm) ane isimba rinoshamisa remuviri. Mumakore achangopfuura, akatambura nekuwedzeredza kwakanyanya.
Rufu
Iko kusvinudzwa nekuda kwekuzara kwakasimba uye kwakonzera kufa kwemambo. Pakupera kwa 1086, aifamba nekukurumidza nekuda kwekunetsana kwakaputsika namambo weFrance Firipi Firipi Ini Firipi ini, uyo akatanga kuparadza zvinhu zveWilhelm. Nekuparadza guta reFrance renhambwe, mambo aityaira migwagwa yake yekuvhara. Kamwe kamwe, bhiza rakauya pamazimbe anopisa uye akapfura pamirwi. Biked, wilhelm yayo haina kukwanisa kuramba mu sachindira uye kudonha kwakakuvadzwa kwazvo mudumbu.
Kwemwedzi mitanhatu, mubati akafamba achitambudzwa, akavhunduka ronda rinobuda ropa uye akarwara zvakanyanya. Musi waSeptember 9, 1087, Wilhelm akafa paMamongi eSero-ZHE, pedyo neRouen, achiri kupukunyuka mukadzi waMatilda kwemakore mana. Asati afa, mambo akadeya chigaro cheEngland kuna mwanakomana wechipiri waWilhelm, naRoberta vakapa kodzero yekushandisa simba muNormandy.
Chiment to wilhelm i inowanikwa muFrench Falez. Mazhinji mabhuku akanyorwa pamusoro peguva yebhodhi rake, mafirimu uye serims akapfurwa.