Biography
The Artist Theodor Zhriko akararama hupenyu hupfupi - makore makumi matatu nematatu chete. Makumi emakore chete akaburitswa pakusika, asi kwenguva ino akakwanisa kuti vamwe vagadziri vamwe vaisakwanisa kuwana nguva yeavo art - iye aive muvambi wekuremekedzwa kwerudo mukupenda uye airatidza mu canvases yekuda kwese kwezana rake.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Jean Louis Andre Theodore Zhriko akaberekerwa muna 1791 muRurang, mumhuri yebudiriro yeBustogeois, asi vazhinji vehupenyu hwake vakapedzerwa muParis. Baba vaive veruki uye vaive nemusango muhupfumi kumaodzanyemba kwenyika, uye amai vakatanga kubva kumutengesi anoremekedzwa. Akafa mangwanani, uye George-Nicola Beliko aifanira kutora zvizere pakurerwa kweMwanakomana. Makore evechidiki emuchato weramangwana akawira panguva yekuchinja kukuru kwechiFrench, asi zviitiko zvinokurumidza kupfuura zvese zvakapfuura vabereki vake.
Sezvo kutsvoda kwemhuri yakanaka, Theodore aifanira kuwana dzidzo yakanaka uye kupfuudza basa remauto. Akadzidza mueni uye akapedza kudzidza kubva kuReemial Lyceum. Mukomana akataura zvakawanda nasekuru. Jean-Baptiste Karuel akaunganidzwa pendi neDutch vatenzi veDutch uye vashandi veFlemish, vaiwanzoita kuti Theodore mumuseum uye akakurudzira shungu yekupenda. Aive nesimba rakasimba pakuumbwa kweanonaka uye zvido zvehunyanzvi - panguva yese yebasa rebasa reZhriko akatarisa basa renje relemis uye rinorwadza kuhondo.
Kupenda
Mumakore iwayo, chimiro cheAmpir chakange chiri mufashoni muFrance, asi iyi nhungamiro ine hunhu hwake hwakakura hadzina kufarira Theodore. Muna 1808, akatanga kudzidza kubva kurudyi chaKarl, uyo ainzi tenzi anozivikanwa wehondo, uye achitungamirirwa nemudzidzisi, akagadzira basa rekutanga muuto remauto. Kubva panguva yekutanga yekukwira, marudzi akasiyana-siyana uye matchera ane zviyero zvehondo uye mufananidzo wemabhiza anoyemurika neyechigadzirwa chakachengetedzwa.
Mudiki Theodore akanyura nemwanakomana wake Oras. Pamwe chete nemudzidzisi uye nedzimwe, akaenda kuLouvre, Circus Franconi, akashanyira zvirimwa zveEquestirania nePlaypen. Mumusangano weCharles Zhriko Colko Wakaita makore 2, mushure mezvo Heero, mumwe wevanhu vatungamiri wenhungamiro yerudo muhunyanzvi, ndokuenda mukudzidzisa kuna Pierre.
Akaisa zvishoma zvekuedza kuita mawadhi ake, asi yaive iripo tsamba yemavara Zhriko yakazoumbwa. Akachengetwa neHerin uye mumakore anotevera, kazhinji akashanyira mueni, akakoka kutarisa mabasa ake. Mukuwedzera, muimba yake Theodore yakasangana naEune Delacroa, iyo ikava shamwari yepedyo uye zano.
Munguva pfupi iyo Theodore yakanzwa yakagadzirira kuzvimiririra kwakazvimirira. Kubva 1811-1812, sketches makumi mashanu zvakachengetedzwa nechisimba chisina kupfeka, icho chakatanga kuratidza chimiro chetsiva - mutambo usingatarisirwi wechiedza nemumvuri, mutambo wedrama, mutambo wetsiva, esimba retsamba.
Muna 1812, Zheriko akataura mufananidzo weruzhinji "mufananidzo weLieutenant M. D." ("Mufananidzo weThe He She She She She She Sheonne"). Gare gare, akaratidzwa pasi pezita rakasiyana - "mukuru wemakwenzi emakwenzi evashandi veumambo, achienda kunorwiswa." Pairi, muimbi akaratidzira murwi ari pakati pehondo: Bhiza jena rakakwira pamabhuruku, hunhu hunotarisa shure, akabata sabaki asina kupfeka muruoko rwake. Mufananidzo uyu wakava mugumo webasa rakakura: Makumi maviri mahosi aichengeterwa izvozvo, uye zvinozivikanwa kuti ichi chikamu chidiki chete chekuedza.
Mushure me "mukuru ..." Theodore Zheriko yakazivikanwa munzvimbo yehunyanzvi. Kubudirira kweHondo Kunodzungaira kwakamubudisira muzvinyorwa zvekupenda, asi iye aisada mari yakawanda kwazvo uye kurwa, kuti kuendesa kwemweya wenguva kuburikidza nemifananidzo yevakuru nevarwi. Mabasa akange asina kuraira epamutemo, saka Zheriko akanzwa akasununguka uye akakwanisa kuisa mukati mavo chiratidzo chake. Sezviri pachena, vakanyora pasi nevanhu vakangoita kongiri, asi Theodore akaedza kudzivisa kufumurwa kune mumwe munhu, kutsvaga chinjana chete.
Zvisikwa zvitsva zvakaunzwa mukabati muna 1814, mushure mekukundwa kweNapoleon, ndokuva chiyeuchidzo chenguva inobuda. Pakuratidzira, pakati pezvimwe pendi, vanyori vezvisina kwaakarerekera, nhevedzano yake yairatidzika kunge isina kubatsira. Kubudirira kwebasa rake rebasa hakuna kudzokororwa - Vanyori venhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare vakangorega mabasa aZhriko, kana vakapindura nezvavo mukutaura kusingafadzi. Iri rakakurumbira basa renhevedzano "Kirasiti rakakuvadzwa, richisiya nhandare yehondo" yakashoropodzwa nekuremerwa kurema, kusava nehanya uye kusava nehanya.
Pashure pekutadza kwekugadzira, mujaya mudiki akasarudza kuchinja hupenyu hwake, uye nenzira isingatarisirwi. Kunyangwe vanyori vezvinyorwa zvepamutemo hazvigone kujekesa izvo iye akabva atungamirirwa mune zvaakaita. Kushamisika kweshamwari uye vadiwa, Theodore, zvisati zvaitika, basa rekuzvivimba, rakapinda muboka reMusketeer. Akaitika kumuganhu waLouis Xviii, uyo akaponesa kutiza mukati memazuva zana, shure kwaZheriko pachavo kuti atamire kuNormandy, kunyepedzera kuve murombo. Ikoko, muimbi akasara kusvika pakati pegumi nematanhatu uye akadzokera kubasa, achitanga kudzokorodza mafungu ezvitsva pendi.
Kufanana nevanogara kwenguva iyoyo, ZHriko aida kushanyira Italy, uyo aionekwa seyakaringana tsika dzakanaka. Pakanga pasina mari yakakwana yerwendo, asi munguva pfupi yakataura mukana wekuwana pendi yemadziro eimba muVille-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra-Kotra. Akaenda kuItari nekukurumidza uye achitambudzwa noMweya, iyo nzvimbo yekutambudza muhupenyu hwavo.
Artist akapedza gore mune imwe nyika, iyo yakazotsanangura se "kusuruvara uye kusuwa." Kubva pane imwe nzvimbo yekugadzira, nguva yakapfuura zvine mutsindo: Zhriko akashanyira zviisiko, akanyora zvakati wandei maSanta Maria nolla uye akawana shamwari itsva, asi iyo nyota yechimwe chinhu simba uye yakakura-yakakura yakaramba isina kuzadzikiswa.
Kubva kuItari, Theodore yakaunza zano rekupenda "raft" jellyfish ", akazvipira kune chiitiko chinosiririsa munhoroondo yechikepe cheFrance - rufu rwevhudzi kubva kuCanary Islands. Muimbi akaswedera kune kusikwa kwehunyanzvi hwake: humbowo hwakaunganidzwa, hwakawanikwa uye akakumbira bhuku remaono pamusoro pechiitiko ichi. Panguva ino, kazhinji aishanyira mainks ekunyora matenga uye negungwa, pamwe nehembe dzechipatara, kunyatsogadzirisa misoro yakafa mumufananidzo, uye kunyange yakagadzirwa mune studio chimwe chinhu chakafanana neanatomical theatre.
"Iyo raft" medusa "yakagamuchira zvinopesana ongororo yeruzhinji uye kushoropodzwa. Kune rimwe divi, yaive basa riri pachena kuti ibasa rakapwanyika, rakanyatsoburitsa mumamiriro emamiriro ezvinhu. Kune rimwe divi, vanoverengeka venhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare vakacherechedzwa mune canvas zvisikwa zvemisikidzo, zvakanyanyisa patte uye kutonhora kwemapendi.
Muna 1821 muimbi akaenda kuEngland, kwaakagara mumhuri yaAdamu, mutengesi webhiza. Mukutonga kwake, akadzokera kuKwake Kwake KwaKedhi uye akanyora basa re "kujaira muEpsoma" kwaairatidza vatasvi vevatasvi vemuchinjiko wemuchinjiko uye makore eLoder. Iyi ndeimwe yemazuva mashoma mashoma emahara guva apo Zhriko akapa ZHRIKO akapa zvido zvekunyora uye mwero wemvura.
Makore ekupedzisira emucheto akaiswa chiratidzo akati wandei, airatidza zvakajeka nyika yaakaora mwoyo: "ULivered, achifungidzira iye nemutungamiriri", "mukadzi wekare wekupedzisira." Iyi mifananidzo inoonekwa seyekupenda kwechiFrench yezana rexix, asi, kunze kwehunyanzvi hwekuurayiwa, vanokanganisa mutariri nemutambo wavo uye kupererwa.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nezve rudo zvekusevha vemuimbi anoziva zvishoma. Haana kumborega, uye kubva kuvana vake aingova nemwanakomana wemuunganidzi, iwo muchero wekubatana nemukadzi wake, Uncle, Alexandrina zvine mwero Chayel. Roman haana kuunza Zherik mufaro, pane kudaro, akaruka chete pfungwa yekunyadzisira uye kutendeuka.
Mucheche akazvarwa aifanira kuenda kunogara, amai vake vakaramba vachisiya Paris, uye muimbi wechiratidzo chekushungurudzika akagovana musoro uye akavharirwa mumusangano. Theodore paakawana mukana wekuenda kuItari, akamhanyira ikoko mukutsvaga rugare rwemweya, asi mutambo wemunhu waizonetseka mazuva ekupedzisira.
Rufu
Muimbi aingova nemakore makumi matatu nematatu ekuzvarwa, asi hutano hwake hwepanyama hwaisimba nekukurumidza. Pamusoro pechirwere, mamiriro acho akakurira nekukuvara kwakawanikwa panguva yekufamba.
Chikonzero chekuti Rufu rwake hazvizivikanwe, pane imwe yetsvina, yaive imwe kudonha kubva kuBhiza - Zhriko yakarova yakasimba kutembere. Tenzi akafa muParis iri muna Ndira 26, 1824. Mabasa ake anochengeterwa mumamuseum eLouvre uye Rouen, pane pendi dzinoverengeka mukuunganidzwa kweHermitage.
Pendi
- 1812 - "Mukuru webato remabhiza evarindi venyama, achienda kunorwiswa"
- 1817 - "Mhanya dzemahara mabhiza muRoma"
- 1817 - "Musika weEquestria"
- 1817 - "Varanda vanomira bhiza"
- 1817 - "Kurodha Bykov"
- 1814 - "Akakuvadzwa Kirassir akasiya nyika yehondo"
- 1818 - "Yakatemwa Misoro"
- 1818-1819 - "Plem" Medusa "
- 1819 - "Kupwanya"
- 1819-1822 - "Mufananidzo weKleptana"
- 1820 - "Shipwing"
- 1821 - "Bhiza panguva yekutinhira"
- 1821 - "Mujaho muEpsom"
- 1822-1823 - "Lime Inopisa Ovheni"
- 1823 - "Mabhiza maviri epositi"