Biography
Karl linneyist, academici uye purofesa ane zita renyika, iro rakaita mupiro wakakura kune sainzi. Botany amuona Musiki wenzi dzeSainzi, asi muchitou chesainzi cheLinneia yakawanda. Iye murume anokoshesa Musiki wemutauro weSwereji weSwerehita mune yayo iripo. Uye zvakare, sainzi yakakonzera kusuma kwedzidziso yechiitiko chechisikigo muhurongwa hweyunivhesiti.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Karl akaberekerwa muna 1707 mumusha madiki weSwiss weblault. Nikolaus linneus - baba vemukomana, vakashanda semupristi. Sezvo aive mwanakomana wevaridzi, vabereki vaive vasina mari yakakwana yezvidzidzo zvake. Imwe nguva yakadzidza kuYunivhesiti yeRund, asi isina kugashira degree resainzi, rakamanikidzwa kudzokera kumba. Ikoko, jaya rinogutiswa nemubatsiri kune mufundisi wenzvimbo, uye munguva pfupi anotora san yemweya uye anoshanda semubatsiri muchechi yeChechi yeParishiioners.
Amai Carla - mwanasikana wemupristi. Karl akava mwana wekutanga wemurume nemukadzi, achimutevera, vana vamwe vana vakaberekerwa mumhuri. Baba vaamai vaAmai, mufundisi Broddersonius, vanofa mugore rekuzvarwa kwemuzukuru wekutanga. Uye mushure memakore maviri, Nicoolaus akagadza mupristi, uye mhuri inoenda kuimba yaigara sekuru nasekuru.
Paakaremerwa munzvimbo itsva, musoro wemhuri unotapukira kutenderedza gadheni reimba, kurima miriwo, michero nemaruva. CARL kubva achiri mudiki ari mudiki aibvunza, anofarira nyika yekunze, uye zvinomera zvakanyanya. Pamakore masere, mukomana aiziva zvidyarwa zvakawanda zvemukati mavo. Nicalas akagovera mwanakomana wake chirongwa chidiki padivi peimba, apo Karl akasvika mhodzi dzakasiyana-siyana, maruva akakura nemiriwo.
Kuziva kwekutanga Karl kwakagashirwa muchikoro chepasi giramu muguta revanhu vazhinji, zvimwe uko kwaidzidza baba vake, uye mushure memakore masere akapinda mumitambo yekurovedza muviri. Guta iri rakanga riri kure neimba, kazhinji kuve nemhuri kubva kuKarl haina kushanda, saka akaona chete kuzororo naBhairazi naamai vake. Kuchikoro, mukomana akadzidza zvakashata, chinhu chete icho murume wakatsanangurwa nejaya - masvomhu, asiwo ne biology iye haana kurega kutakurwa.
Chidzidzo ichi chakange chisina kupihwa jaya iro vadzidzisi vakatopira vabereki vavo kuti vashandure Mwanakomana kuti vadzidze hunyanzvi. Panguva iyoyo, zvidzidzo zviri pazvinhu zvekutaura zvine musoro zvakadzidziswa kuchikoro, uyo akagutsa hutungamiriri hwechikoro kuti abve kumudzidzi kuti adzidze kuna chiremba. Nezvizvi, Carlo aifanira kugara kubva kumudzidzisi, mumwe nemumwe akadzidzisa mukomana. Pamusoro pemakirasi makuru, chirongwa ichi chaivewo chesayenzi chaunofarira cheBotany.
Sainzi
Mushure mekupedza chikoro, muna 1727, Linney anopinda muYunivhesiti muLund. Ikoko anozivisa ne purofesa stbeus. Mune ramangwana, murume anomubatsira nekugara uye akaiswa mumba make. Jaya rinovhura kuwana raibhurari ye purofesa. Panguva imwecheteyo, anosangana nekuunganidzwa kwemugungwa uye vagari verwizi uye herbarium yezvirimwa zvakaunganidzwa nemudzidzisi mune lund. Stebeus hurukuro dzakaramba dzakakosha basa mukuumbwa kweLinneia seBotany.
Muna 1728, chinlinch chinoenda kuyunivhesiti muUppsal. Yunivhesiti iyi yakapa mikana yakawanda yekudzidza mushonga pasi pekutanga kwevaporofiti vane tarenda. Vadzidzi vakaedza kuwana ruzivo rwakawanda sezvinobvira uye munguva yavo yemahara inoshandiswa pane yavo yewainzi akadzidza.
Ikoko, Karl akasvetuka nemudzidzi, anofarirawo biology, uye vechidiki pamwe chete nevechidiki vakatanga kushandira pakudzokorora kwezvakasikwa zvenguva dzose zvakavapo panguva iyoyo. Karl akatarisa pane kudzidza zvidyarwa. Nhanho yakakosha muupenyu hwaLinney yaLinney yakajairana neULOF Celsius, mudzidzisi wedzidzo. Izvi zvakaitika mukupera kwa 1720s, murume uya akapa vechidiki kuti vawane raibhurari uye vakabvumira kugara mumba make, sezvo Karl aive mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emari.
Nenguva isipi murume wechidiki akanyora basa rekutanga rekutsvaga, raisanganisira mazano makuru ehukuru hwepabonde hwekuita zvepabonde zvezvirimwa. Pakati pevadzidzisi veyunivhesiti, bhuku racho rakakonzera kufarira kukuru. Basa esayenzi mudzidzi vaikoshesa Rudbeck Jr., uyo muzvinadzidzo payunivhesiti, uye akabvumira Karl kundodzidzisa somunhu demonstrator paUniversity raMwari Botanical Garden.
Zvitima zvekubuda muLaplend zvakaitika kuLinneia muna 1732. Sezvo akange asina mukana wekuzvimiririra mari yekuzvimiririra, iyo yunivhesiti yakatambidza mukana wekubuda. Iye murume akaenda kuScandinaia Peninsula, kwemwedzi mitanhatu yekubuda kwaaidzidza zvicherwa, mhuka nezvirimwa, uye zvakadzidzawo hupenyu hweSaami yemunharaunda. Kuti usarasikirwa nezvakakosha zvakawanikwa, inenge zvese zvaakanga achifamba uye mamwe masayiti akanyanya kuwanda pane bhiza. Pamusoro pekuunganidzwa kwakapfuma kwemasampuli eSisples Science Science, murume akaunzwa kuSweden uye zvinhu zvehupenyu hwevanhu vane ruzivo rwenyika ino.
Iyo Carl Expedition Report Inotumira kune iyo Upspsal yeMambo Science Resainzi Sangano, ichiverengera chokwadi chekuti zvinyorwa zvaro zvichabudiswa zvizere. Asi izvi hazvina kuitika, uye muna 1732 chete chirevo cheLaplend Flora yakaburitswa mubhuku racho. Yakanga iri kabhuku kaakasiyana marudzi ezvirimwa.
Chinyorwa ichi chakanzi Florula Lapponica chave chekutanga chakabudiswa basa resaenzi, kwaanotaura nezvekufananidzirwa kwesimba kwehupombwe kwezvirimwa. Masayendisiti akavakamuranika mumakirasi, akapokana nezvehupamhi hwesuva mune zvidyarwa, izvo zvinotarisirwa nemitsetse uye stamens. Zvakare karl yakakamurwa makirasi pane squads zvichienderana nezvimiro zvechimiro chesumbu. Pakufunda nyaya iyi, Linnei aigara achikanganisa, asi, kunyangwe iri nzira yakagadzirwa ne purofesa yaive yekufarira uye yaita basa rakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwesainzi.
Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti muna 1811 takatanga kubudiswa kubva kune diary yevarume, kwaakarondedzera kutarisisa kwehupenyu hwe saami. Rimwe ruzivo nezve mararamiro erudzi rwevanhu havana kudaro ngazvive pasina vanhu vazhinji, zvinyorwa zvaro zvinokosha kwazvo mumunda wetsamba yeExnography.
Muna 1735, Karl anoenda kuHolland, ikoko anodzivirira kushamiswa uye anowana dhigirii yekurapa rokurapa. Kubva ipapo, inomhanya kune leiden, kwainoburitsa chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya "system yezvakasikwa". Kwemakore maviri ehupenyu, pfungwa dzakawandisa dzakazvarwa muguta reDutch, raanorondedzera mune rakabudiswa pachena. Mhuka dzinokoshesa muyedzo unoparadzanisa: Aya eshiri nemamasi, maAmmphians nehove, nehonye uye zvipembenene. Zvinokosha kuti munhu waanoona kuti munhu waanoona manyama, anozivikanwa munguva yake Everttefrates anowira mukirasi yehonye, uye anofarira uye anokambaira kuvaAmphibians.
Pakati peino nguva, biologist yakatsanangurwa uye yakataura muunganidzwa wakakura wezvirimwa zvinounzwa pasi rese. Panguva imwecheteyo, kubuditsa kunoonekwa mune biography yeLinnei, yakazochinja nesainzi yebhiriological and mbiri pakati pemasayendisiti.
Makore akapedzerwa munyika ino akave anogadzira zvakanyanya mubasa resainzi raKarl. Pakati peino nguva, anoburitsa zvinyorwa zvikuru. Kuwedzera pamapepa esainzi, murume akanyora uye autobiography, kwaakarondedzera hupenyu hwake uye akagovana navo chokwadi chinonakidza uye nhoroondo kubva mukushandurwa.
Pashure pokunge adzokera kuSweden, rinney haana kusiya miganho yayo, pakutanga murume aigara muStockholm, uye akabva aendeswa kuMupsalu. Karl akashanda sachiremba, akatungamirwa neDhipatimendi reBotany, akaenda kumakungwa uye akapfuudza ruzivo rwake kuchizvarwa chechidiki.
Carl Linney yakaita zvakawanda zvakawanikwa mumunda we biology uye botany. Huwandu hwezvinyorwa zvakaburitswa hukuru, iyo nyaya dzakaburitswa mukati mehupenyu uye mushure mekufa kwesainzi. Kukodzera kwe purofesa kunozivikanwa neHurumende, uye zvaakakwana zvakazivikanwa kure nemipimo yenyika yeNyika.
Hupenyu Hwako
Nemukadzi wemangwana raSarah Liza, iyo Linny Linny akasangana muFallun. Panguva iyoyo, musikana uyu aive aine makore gumi nemasere, baba vake vaive chiremba wemunharaunda, murume akadzidziswa uye aive nenyika inoshamisa. Mushure memavhiki maviri mushure mekuzivana, Karl anoita Lisa kupa, pakarepo anobvuma, uye zuva rinotevera vacheche vachigamuchira chikomborero chababa vaLisa.
Muchato wakasarudza kuratidzira kwemakore matatu, akaenda kunze kwenyika, uye nekukasira kudzoka vaviri vacho vakabatanidzwa zviri pamutemo. Chokwadi, muchato wakaramba gore rairo chete, mhemberero yakapfuura mumusikana wemhuri.
Linneyev aive nevana 7. Mwanakomana wedangwe akaberekwa muna 1741, mukomana ainzi Karl, uye vato vakuru, murume akawana mukurumbira sa Karl Linny Jr. Mhuri mbiri dzemhuri dzakafa dzichidzokera mucheche.
Hupenyu hwomuparidzi hwakaita musayendisiti hwakatanga zvakabudirira, aida mumwe wake, uye manzwiro aivapo. Iye murume akatumidza zita remukadzi wake nemaruva aakanaka maruva kubva kumhuri yeIris iri kukura kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica.
Rufu
Kubva 1758, Linny nemudzimai wake nevana vaigara mumakiromita gumi kubva kuPeptsala, ipapo akazorora uye akashanda.
Muna 1774, Linneei aive nekurova (Hemorrhage kuhuropi). Ipapo vanachiremba vakaponesa murume, asi hutano hadzina kupora zvizere. Akaremara mitezo, uye purofesa akamira kuverenga hurukuro. Akaraira basa iri kumwanakomana wake wedangwe, uye iye aigara munzvimbo iyi.
Kurohwa kwakatevera kwakaitika munguva yechando, kubva muna 1776 kusvika makore 1777. Pashure pokurwiswa kwechipiri, Karl akarasikirwa nekuyeuka kwake, aisaziva hama dzepedyo uye dzaiyedza kubva mumba. Mumwe murume akafa muna 1778 muUppsala mumakore makumi manomwe nemashanu.
Sezvo musayendisiti akazivikanwa sekwairemekedza mugari weguta, akavigwa muUppsa Cathedral.
Mushure mekufa kweRinney, akasiya muunganidzwa mukuru, kusanganisira, kusanganisira Herbaria, pamwe neuwandu raibhurari yakakura. Izvi zvese zvakagarwa nhaka mwanakomana wake Karl Jr., asi mushure mekufa kwemurume kamwe kamwe kubva pamoyo, chirikadzi yaLinneei yakafunga kutengesa muunganidzwa. Pasinei nezvinopokana nenyika yesainzi yenyika yemuenzi, musangano wacho wanga uchiri kutengeswa uye kubviswa. Sweden akarasikirwa nemabasa aLinnei aive aine kukosha kwekusimudzira kwesainzi.
BHAIBHERI
- 1715 - "Natural System"
- 1736 - "Botanical Raibhurari"
- 1736 - "Basics yeBotany"
- 1737 - "Flora Lapland"
- 1737 - "Kuzvarwa kweZvirimwa"
- 1738 - "Kudyara Mapoka"
- 1745 - "Flora Sweden"
- 1749 - "Swedish Pani"
- 1751 - "Uzivi weBotany"
- 1753 - "Zvidimbu Zvidyara"