Biography
Eschil ndeimwe yenhetembo huru-kutamba kweiyo nguva yekare yechiGiriki, iyo yaigara muzana ramakore rechi5 BC. e., "Baba" veDziviriro, madzitateguru erudzi rwetivilogy uye tetragia, iyo yakaita shanduko kune iyo pfungwa yehunyanzvi. Basa rake re "Persia" rinobva ruzivo mumunda wenhoroondo yekare, kuve chete muenzaniso wakachengetedzwa wekutamba kwechiGiriki kwechiGiriki kwakabatana nezviitiko zvazvino.
![Baba Dziva Eschyl Baba Dziva Eschyl](/userfiles/126/13319_1.webp)
Mabhuku, kusanganisira zvisikwa zvedetembi, zvichiri kudiwa nevaverengi, mitambo yake inobvumidzwa kubudirira munzvimbo dzemitambo dzepasi rese.
Fate
Eschil akaberekwa anenge 525 kusvika n. Ns. Muguta reGreek reEreusin (Elefsis), yaive 20 km kubva kuAtene, mumipata yakaorera yeWestern Attica. Sekureva kwevanyori venhoroondo, baba vake veefasion ndewekirasi yeAlistocrats - Evipridov, uye mhuri yakanga isina kugadzikana uye mupfumi.
Mujaya hwake, Eschil akashanda muminda yemizambiringa. Maererano nengano, rimwe zuva akarota kuna Mwari weWinemail Dionaysis, uyo akaraira maitiro ekuteerera kune hunyanzvi hwekununura hwenhamo. Kusimuka, mudetembi akasika basa rake rekutanga, waakaita naye muna 499 BC. Ns. Uye muna 484 BC. Ns. Akahwina kukunda 1st kukunda mumakwikwi ekutamba paMutambo waDiomssia.
![Elexin (elefsis), uko eschil akazvarwa Elexin (elefsis), uko eschil akazvarwa](/userfiles/126/13319_2.webp)
Muna 490 BC e., pakukwirira kweGrecol-Pezheni-Persian, escha yakadanwa pane zvechiuto. Pamwe chete nemunun'una wake, nhetembo dziviriro athensi kubva pakurwisa kwePersia pasi pehutungamiriri hwaDhariusi ini muhondo yeMarathon. Zvadaro, mushure memakore gumi, akatora chikamu muhondo yegungwa muSaramine, ayo anogara kune imwe nzvimbo yepakati munhamo dzePersia, uye kushamisika.
Eschil yaive chikamu chevaGiriki vakasarudzwa vakatsaurirwa kuzvikomberedza zvedenga re demeter, izvo zvakarambidzwa kuburitsa pasi porufu. Mudetembi akatora chikamu muEleusinsky akavanzika, tsika dzinoratidza kubatana pakati pehupenyu uye kufa kunoratidza kucheneswa mumuviri uye kwemweya.
![Nhetembo uye Dramaturgome Eschyl Nhetembo uye Dramaturgome Eschyl](/userfiles/126/13319_3.webp)
Aristotle nevamwe vazukuru veAeschila vanopokana kuti mutambi wekutamba akatadza kuchengetedza chakavanzika chehunhu tsvene uye airatidza zvimwe zvinhu zvezvidzidzo pachikuva mukugadzira kwavo. Nekuti ava njere dzakakanda munyori nematombo uye akapa ruvanze paakaziva kusaziva kwake. Eschila akaverengerwa, achifunga nezvehondo yake, pamwe nekufunga nezvekureverera kwemunun'una waAminias, hamba rehondo yeGreek.
Mushure mekufa kwemuranda waFritich, uyo aive mukwikwidzi mukuru weEschil pamhemberero dzeDionissia, kubva munenge 473 kusvika n. e., iyo yekutamba yakava iyo yega Mutungamiriri wethezheni dzinokwikwidza.
![Theatre yeDiomysis, uko mitambo yaEshil yakaitwa Theatre yeDiomysis, uko mitambo yaEshil yakaitwa](/userfiles/126/13319_4.webp)
Iko kunenge pasina chinhu chinozivikanwa nezve hupenyu hwomunhu wenhetembi yekare yechiGiriki. Vanyori venhoroondo vanopokana kuti Eschil aive nemukadzi nevana vaviri. Mumwe wevanakomana vainzi Eurdion vakapinda tsoka dzababa vake uye vakava tarisiro huru. Mushure mekufa kwemubereki, aive mana panguva yemitambo yeiyo mitambo yaEshil. Vamwe vaongorori vanotenda kuti ndiye wedzinza guru iro raive munyori weiyo "Prometheus yakadzingwa" njodzi. Mukuwedzera, Euporonion muna 431 BC. Ns. Wakunda Mubairo wekutanga mumakwikwi ekunyora, uchisiya sophoclas uye eurpid.
![ChiGiriki chemari nemufananidzo weEschil ChiGiriki chemari nemufananidzo weEschil](/userfiles/126/13319_5.webp)
Mune biography yeEschil, akawanda machena mavara, zvisinei, pane ruzivo rwuri mudetembi mune 470s kuna N. Ns. Kaviri akashanyira Sicily Island pakukoka kweTirana yeTirana Gieron I.
Munguva ye3 kushanya mune iyo 456th kana 455th gore BC. Ns. Kutamba kukuru kwakafa. Iyo chaiyo yakakonzera kufa kweEschil haizivikanwe. Biographers inopokana kuti nhetembo yakauraya turtle, ikamurasa musoro wegondo kana gondo. Shiri yekufungidzira yakagamuchira Ristin yeibwe, iyo yakanga yave kuda kupatsanura ganda rekodhi.
Dramaturgy
Kukura kwekusikwa kweEschil kwakawa pane iyo nguva kana makwikwi ekunyora aive akakurumbira kuGreece, akaitika mukati memhemberero dzeDiomssia. Mutambo wacho wakatanga kufamba-famba, zvichiteverwa nemakwikwi evarume vechidiki avo vakaita zvakasiyana, mukupedzisa kwemucheka wejeri 3 yechitima chechitambi chaimiririra: Drama, comedy uye satire. Iye munyori weOresteia akatora chikamu mune akawanda emakwikwi aya aakasika kubva pamakumi manomwe kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe emitambo. Intererary duel pakati peEURCHIL uye EURIID inotsanangurwa mune comedy aristopha "matatya".
![EURIPID uye ESCHYL EURIPID uye ESCHYL](/userfiles/126/13319_6.webp)
Iyo playwright yakagadzira yayo chaiyo yekuverenga maitiro uye maitiro. Akaunza kuchiitiko cheiyo 2nd mutambi uye akagadzira runyararo runhare pakati pemavara maviri, umo mabere emitambo, maSatircal mabasa akaomarara, achitsiva nhetembo dzeDelphic, ramba iyo neiyo tsika yeiyo homer uye zviitiko zvemazuva ano zvakaitika kare.
Kusvika parizvino, matambudziko manomwe echiGiriki Mukuru asvika: "Persia", "Zvikurumidza", "Orestea Triology's," VaHeefors "," Rumbidzai "uye" Prometheus izvo zvinosara mumubvunzo. Zvimedu zveimwe mitambo yemitambo yekutamba inochengetedzwa mumakotesheni, ivo vanoramba vakawanikwa panguva yekuchera papa reIjipita.
![Mufananidzo weAgamenson's Piese Mufananidzo weAgamenson's Piese](/userfiles/126/13319_7.webp)
Eschil akagamuchira mubairo wekutanga pamhemberero dzeDionusia 13 nguva, zvinozivikanwa kuti mabasa ese asara akapiwa mubairo wepamusoro-soro.
Zvekutanga zvemabasa asina kubatwa aEschila inhamo ye "Persia", yakanyorwa kutenderera 472 BC. Ns. Kutamba kwacho kunobva pane ruzivo rwechiuto pachako kwedetembi, kusanganisira kutora chikamu chake muhondo yeSalam. Iyo yekutamba yakagadzira yakasarudzika yakasikwa, iyo yakanga isina kubva muchivanzika zano, asi chiitiko chaihwo chakaitika mumaziso evarambi. Kutamba kwacho kwaive chikamu chekwaTetralogy, iyo yaisanganisira mabasa akarasika e "glavk", "good" uye "Prometheus - moto mupemhi", wakabatana nemusoro wekutsiva kwaMwari.
![Eshil - Biography, Mufananidzo, Dramaturgy, Hupenyu Hwako, Chikonzero Chorufu 13319_8](/userfiles/126/13319_8.webp)
Nhamo iyi inotanga nenhau dzekukundwa kwePersia muhondo yegungwa, iyo iyo mutumwa akaisa kune vanhu, mambo mai maKerks. Mukadzi anoenda kuguva remurume wake Dhariusi, uko mweya wemutongi, anotsanangura kuti chikonzero chekufa kwehondo uye kuzvitutumadza kweiyo xerxes, izvo zvakakonzera Hasha dzamwari. Chikanganiso chekukundwa kwevaPersia chinoonekwa pakupera kwekutamba, izvo zvinopera nemambo wekuchema uye akakundwa mambo.
Nhamo "nomwe pamusoro pePhiv" yakatanga kuzadzikiswa muna 467 BC. Ns. Iyo ndiyo chikamu chekupedzisira cheTrilogy Inoshamisa Kubva pane FVan Mythology. Basa racho raive rakavakirwa pamusoro wenyaya yekupindira kwevamwari vachiita zvinhu zvevanhu uye zano rekusarudza basa re (guta) mukuvandudzwa kwemari yemunhu.
![Bust uye mufananidzo weEschyl Bust uye mufananidzo weEschyl](/userfiles/126/13319_9.webp)
Kutamba kwacho kunotaurira nyaya yeEteokla uye vanyatsoropa hama, vagari venhaka yeFan Tsar Edapa, vakagumisa chibvumirano kuti chibatanidze, asi chisingafaniri kugoverana. Kuguma kwepakutanga kwemutambo kwaisanganisira kuronga nezve kufa kwevatongi, asi mushure memakore makumi mashanu mushure mekuratidzwa kwekutanga, Yachinja. Muchidimbu chitsva chemukunda weDip, anorwisa, anoita kuchema, uye anobva apandukira kutsanangurwa kwekurambidzwa kwekuviga kweshungu.
Musoro wePolis wakaramba uchikudziridza munjodzi yeEschil's "sumadders", iri chikamu cheiyo yakarasika tetralogy. Mumutambo uyu, nhetembo yakaratidza mafungiro akanaka kune maitiro eDemocratic, hunhu hweAtene yenguva iyoyo.
![Amphora V Century ine chidimbu chedambudziko reEshil Amphora V Century ine chidimbu chedambudziko reEshil](/userfiles/126/13319_10.webp)
Urongwa hwacho hwakavakirwa pa50 Danaid, vanasikana vemuArgos weArgos, kubva kumuchato wekumanikidzwa pamwe nehama dzawo dzeIjipiti. Ivo vari kubvunza ashums kubva kumutongi emuno emapuru, vasingagoni kuita sarudzo pasina kubvunza nevanhu. Pakupera kwemutambo, vanhu vanobvuma kubatsira vatumwa vake uye kuvapa pekugara muguta.
Mune mamwe maratidziro eThezheni, anonzi "Danaida", izvo zviitiko zvemhanza yevanasikana makumi mashanu imambo, vakauraya varume makumi matatu nevarume vavo muhusiku hwakatangwazve.
Iyo chete njere dzeEschil, iyo yakaramba yakazara, ndeye estyeya, yakagadzirwa muna 458 BC. Ns. uye inosanganisira mitambo yaAgamemmnon, "hoeveri" uye "Evmenia". Kutaura nhoroondo yeropa yeMhuri yeArgos Tsar Agamemennon, mudetembi anobva munzvimbo dzepamoyo, akaziviswa mumabasa apfuura, uye anoratidza simba reAreopag uye kururamisa kwemutemo.
![Amphora aine chidimbu chedambudziko reEschila Amphora aine chidimbu chedambudziko reEschila](/userfiles/126/13319_11.webp)
Nhamo yekutanga yetatu inotsanangura kudzoka kweiyo mycena Tsar agamennon mushure mekukunda kwehondo yeTrojan. Mukadzi wake wamambo akatsamwira chokwadi chekuti mutongi nekuda kwekubwinya akaunza vamwari kuti zvibayiro mwanasikana wake, uye vakachengeta Kassandra mumurongo. Vaporofita vanofanotaura kuurayiwa kweAgamemenon uye nerufu rwake kubva mumaoko emumwe murume / mukadzi akagumburwa. Pakupera kwekutamba, mwanakomana waMambo anozviratidza, Arest, uyo anofunga kuti atsivise kuurawa kwaBaba.
"Hoeofers" Enderera kurondedzerwa, yakatanga muAgamemnon. Mudyi wenhaka kuna mambo, pamwe chete nehanzvadzi yake, gadzira nzvimbo yekutsiva cpimetre uye anodiwa aanoda. Ipapo Choir inotaura nezve hope dzinotyisa dzaMambokadzi, iyo inobereka nyoka. Kuti adzikinure mhosva pamberi pemurume wake, hurumende inoda kuongorora paguva reAgamemnon, asi rinotora rufu paruoko rwekurarama. Pakupedzisira, mhondi yaamai inokomberedza ina, vatsoranga vane rufu rwehama.
![Eshil - Biography, Mufananidzo, Dramaturgy, Hupenyu Hwako, Chikonzero Chorufu 13319_12](/userfiles/126/13319_12.webp)
Mukutamba kwekupedzisira kwe "Orestii" mwanakomana waAgamnoni anotsvaga kuyananisira mhosva yeAthena, anoburitsa kubva mukutambudzwa kwehasha, ayo anobva kune vakaipa ava vazvarwa mune zvakanaka uye kuwira pasi neevenia.
Yekupedzisira yezvimedu zvakachengetedzeka nezvaEschila, dambudziko re "Prometheus rakashatirwa" chikamu che "premetheus" triology ". Kubva pakupera kwezana ramakore re19, masayendisiti akatanga kusava nechokwadi nemunyori wechiGreek kutamba pazvikonzero zvetachiona. Basa racho zviyero zvemitambo zvinoratidza ngano yekutapwa kwemoto.
BHAIBHERI
- 472 BC - "Persia"
- 470th kana 463 BC - "Subil"
- 467 BC - "Zvinomwe zvinopesana neFV"
- 458 BC - Orestea (Trilogy)
- "Agamemnon"
- "Hoofers"
- "Evudziro"
- 450-40-E kana 415 BC - "Prometheus yakasungirirwa"