Nhoroondo Yemunhu
Saltykov-shkchrin akanyora zita rekuti "She Golovyov" muna 1875-80. Basa racho chirevo chinotsanangura hupenyu hwemhuri imwe. Pakutanga, munyori akatoda kupa bhuku zita rinobvumirwa, asi akafunga kuunza magamba pamberi.Nhoroondo Yezvisikwa
Mumagazini "zvinyorwa zvezvimwe zvinhu 1875, iyo Saltykov nyaya inonzi" Dare remhuri "rakabudiswa seyakaitwa neramangwana rezvechokwadi. Kuona basa rakadhindwa, iyo yaakakurudzira tsamba, maari akataura kuti agadzire munyori, asi bhuku rizere, raizove rondedzero yemavara emhare. Munyori akataura kuti Saltykov-shkcherrin mutsigiri weimwe chidimbu chidiki, asi zvisikwa zvinotevera zvaizokwezva kutarisa kweTurgenevev neruzhinji.
Musiki weNzira akaenderera mberi nezviitiko, achigadzira mifananidzo mitsva, uye akabatana nemabasa e "Mhuri mibairo", "muhukama" uye "mufaro wemhuri" mune cycle ine chinangwa. Chishuwo chekugadzira iyo yakazara-yakafemerwa notel yakauya kwaari muna 1880. Saka zvakange zvakanyorwa basa ra "Ishe golovy".
Judhiya, iyewo weorphiri, akasikwa serudzi rwechirongwa chechipiri, asi panguva yekugadziriswa kwemavara uye shanduko yezvimwe zvitsauko, gamba rakatanga muchikamu chepakati. Maererano nemabhuku, muchirimo chePorfiriya, zvimwe zvinhu zvehunhu hwemunun'una wemunyori - Dmitry akafukidzwa. Saltykov-shkkrrin yakasimbisa kuti izwi revaJudha rakabatana nekutaura rinotendeuka uye kusava nemunyori wemunyori wemunyori.
Munyori anotanga nyaya yacho, achirondedzera kutaridzika kwaJudha, asi mafungiro ake ebasa rake remumba. Saltykov-shkkrrin inotaura nezvevatatu vakajairana mazita emumanje, data kumukomana ari paudiki hwake, uye kutaridzika kwekuchera, uko hama dzaitya. Izvo zvakakosha muhuni yegamba haisi chitarisiko, asi mazita "Judhika", "kuyerera", pamwe ne "mukomana" we "Frankka" anoratidza hunhu. Nickneshes inobvumira muverengi kuti usatarise kwete pamiriri yehunhu, asi pane kurwiswa kwetsika.
Porphyry haina kuongororwa netsaona inotsaurwa, pamwe negamba remasaja rinoshandisa mazwi ane chaiyo super. Saka, kutaura kwevaJudha hakutarise kutadza, asi vane tsika dzakanaka uye vanobata. Mubasa, hunhu hunoratidza duali mune chitarisiko, natrate uye hunyengeri hadzipindirani nekuzadza kwemukati kwemunhu, kusakendenga, kusarongeka uye egoism. Duality ndicho chinhu chikuru chemuJudha. Uku kupesana kuri mulaphyry kubvira ndichiri mudiki, zvinobva parudo rwemahodhi makuru.
"Ishe Golovy"
Munyonganiso pamusoro penhoroondo yekufa kwemhuri yakanakisa yechiJudha, inotipa basa rakakosha, mufananidzo wake unoratidzwa zvakanyanya kurwisa vamwe vatambi. Saltykov-shkkkrrin zvakanyatsoita zano reBhaibheri, ratidza nezvevakadzi vaJudhasi, vakatengesa Kristu. Iyo Leitmotif yakashandiswa mune yechokwadi. Naizvozvo, valphyry vanosonganirwa Judha, uye hukama hwemavara hwakagadzwa pane huwandu hwehunhu hwehunhu uye zviito.
Juuska akabvuma kutengesa mhuri nekuda kwenhumbi. Hupenyu hwake hwese hunovharidzira kupfupika uye nekubatsirwa, izvo zvinosanganisirawo nyaya dzeBhaibheri. Afirwa pakutsvoda kwaJudha Iskariota kwaive amai vechifungunariro vechiono mushure maizvozvo vakamunyorera Golly. Mwanakomana akaraira mukadzi kuti aende kuimba yake, akabata imba. Gare gare, Epiphany, overtilta porfyria vhiki inoda kwazvo, inosanganiswa nekunzwisisa kwezvivi kunopera zera. Zvinodzidziswa chinamato chegamba chaisava chokwadi, uye kunzwisisa kwemhosva kwakauya kwaari kamwe kamwe.
Idzokuda kuziva kuti Judha anofa nokumuka kwakajeka. Achiti zvakanaka kuroverera, iye anotarisa kana achitarisa mufananidzo waJesu. Vachengeti aisava mhuri yembhiriya, asi vanhu vese. Gamba, risingakwanisi kurovedza muviri zvinorema uye zvakarongeka zviito, zvichengetwe chero kupi kuripo.
Nemusoro wega wega weNovel, Porphoriri kubva kune mumwe munhu mupenyu anoshanduka kuita mweya. Mumiriri wetsitsi dzakasarudzika, porfiry yaipokana nehama dzinosvika mumufananidzo uyu.
Iye munyori anorondedzera zvakaitika kuJudha nenyika yerima, achiyeuchidza nezvehukama hwake nemauto emadhimoni. Zviito zvake zvinozviratidza. Kusundira vanakomana vako kune rufu, haanzwe kuzvidemba. Yakanyanya inoisa nzvimbo kubva kuPogorelovka, inoramba kubva kuMwanakomana wake. Saltykov-shkkrrin inowanzo enzanisa gamba nenyoka inoparadza vamwe. Ndiine mazwi, Judhuka "anokanda chiuno" uye anodzivisa munhu akabatwa. Mumaseti ake ematare anowana mai, hama uye kunyange vashandi.
Saltykov-shkkrrin yakarondedzera mhando yekusingaperi, iyo yaivapo mumabhuku, uye mhando yepasirese, iyo imwe neimwe yedu yatosangana nayo muhupenyu. Iri igamba rinogona kuenda pamisoro yavo kuti iwane purofiti yake, kunyangwe makomo evamwe uye achikanganwa kururama, uko kunosimudzirwa kufadza kwekunze. Saka yakatsanangurwa tartuf moliere. Maari uye muJudhka, iro Shoko rakanaka uye risisiri kukanganisa nyaya yakanaka.
Quotes
Saltykov-shkchrrin inokanganiswa neuchenjeri utsinye, uye vamwe vacho ndevaSheri. Pasi pemazwi eJolly, vanhu vashoma vakakomberedzwa nevanhu vake vakaona moyo mutema wegamba. Kuchenjera kwake kwaive mukuomarara kwehunyanzvi, izvo zvaive zvakakosha kushandisa quirm uye hunyengeri.
"Ini handidi shiri pfungwa ... Nekuti ivo havana miedzo," porphirov akadaro. Muedzo wake mukuru waive nenzvimbo yemhuri.
Kusvikira imwe nguva airarama, achitungamirirwa nenyaya yekuti kunzwisisa kwenyika haisi yekupedzisira nguva yekupedzisira. Uye mask yakasarudzwa akabvumira gamba kugadzira mufananidzo wakakodzera.
"Isu takabatwa pano uye lukavim, uye saka ndichaita kutevera, uye saka zvinokwanisika kutevera, uye Mwari, pane imwe nguva, zvese zvirongwa zvekufunga zvichaenda kuguruva," akadaro.Uye iye amene akabatwa nemamiriro ezvinhu, zvikuru, kunzwisisa kwake. Iko kunhwa kwacho kunonakidza porfiry hakuna kuwana mufaro uye, uyo akaziva kukanganisa kwake, aisakwanisa kuenderera mberi nekurarama kwakanaka.
Juuska ndezvemashoko:
"Isu, Mammy, Mammage, MikStsni Hongu inogona kugadzirisa vagari vemushonga, uye nemweya uyo mushonga unodiwa."Haana kuwana mushonga unokwanisa kurapa mweya kubva kuzvimiririra zvakazvikudza kukuvara.
Kuzvidzivirira
Muna 1933, Director Alexander Ivanovsky akatora firimu rakavakirwa pachikupi kwe "Ishe golovy". Basa rePorfiriya Golovyev rakaridzwa Vladimir Gardin. Iyo yekutanga firimu kuongorora yaive dema uye chena cinema uye nhasi nhasi haina mukurumbira wakawanda.
Basa racho rakanangana nemitambo yemitambo, uko maartist anozivikanwa anoonekwa mune chinzvimbo chevaJudha. Basa raPrafiriya Golovyev pane iyo Mhat chiitiko muna 1987 chakaitwa neine gensant smoktunovsky. Muna 2005, kubudirira kwake mumufananidzo uyu kudzokorora Evgeny MRonov.